ngspice-24/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11767306055 013625 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/visualc/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 015255 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/visualc/vngspice.vcproj 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000552236 11712022254 020335 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre 
ngspice-24/visualc/include/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 016700 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/visualc/include/inttypes.h 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000017504 11712022254 020737 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre // ISO C9x compliant inttypes.h for Microsoft Visual Studio
// Based on ISO/IEC 9899:TC2 Committee draft (May 6, 2005) WG14/N1124
//
// Copyright (c) 2006 Alexander Chemeris
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
//
// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//
// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
//
// 3. The name of the author may be used to endorse or promote products
// derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
// WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
// MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
// EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
// OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
// WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
// OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
// ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef _MSC_VER // [
#error "Use this header only with Microsoft Visual C++ compilers!"
#endif // _MSC_VER ]
#ifndef _MSC_INTTYPES_H_ // [
#define _MSC_INTTYPES_H_
#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif
#include "stdint.h"
// 7.8 Format conversion of integer types
typedef struct {
intmax_t quot;
intmax_t rem;
} imaxdiv_t;
// 7.8.1 Macros for format specifiers
#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS) // [ See footnote 185 at page 198
// The fprintf macros for signed integers are:
#define PRId8 "d"
#define PRIi8 "i"
#define PRIdLEAST8 "d"
#define PRIiLEAST8 "i"
#define PRIdFAST8 "d"
#define PRIiFAST8 "i"
#define PRId16 "hd"
#define PRIi16 "hi"
#define PRIdLEAST16 "hd"
#define PRIiLEAST16 "hi"
#define PRIdFAST16 "hd"
#define PRIiFAST16 "hi"
#define PRId32 "I32d"
#define PRIi32 "I32i"
#define PRIdLEAST32 "I32d"
#define PRIiLEAST32 "I32i"
#define PRIdFAST32 "I32d"
#define PRIiFAST32 "I32i"
#define PRId64 "I64d"
#define PRIi64 "I64i"
#define PRIdLEAST64 "I64d"
#define PRIiLEAST64 "I64i"
#define PRIdFAST64 "I64d"
#define PRIiFAST64 "I64i"
#define PRIdMAX "I64d"
#define PRIiMAX "I64i"
#define PRIdPTR "Id"
#define PRIiPTR "Ii"
// The fprintf macros for unsigned integers are:
#define PRIo8 "o"
#define PRIu8 "u"
#define PRIx8 "x"
#define PRIX8 "X"
#define PRIoLEAST8 "o"
#define PRIuLEAST8 "u"
#define PRIxLEAST8 "x"
#define PRIXLEAST8 "X"
#define PRIoFAST8 "o"
#define PRIuFAST8 "u"
#define PRIxFAST8 "x"
#define PRIXFAST8 "X"
#define PRIo16 "ho"
#define PRIu16 "hu"
#define PRIx16 "hx"
#define PRIX16 "hX"
#define PRIoLEAST16 "ho"
#define PRIuLEAST16 "hu"
#define PRIxLEAST16 "hx"
#define PRIXLEAST16 "hX"
#define PRIoFAST16 "ho"
#define PRIuFAST16 "hu"
#define PRIxFAST16 "hx"
#define PRIXFAST16 "hX"
#define PRIo32 "I32o"
#define PRIu32 "I32u"
#define PRIx32 "I32x"
#define PRIX32 "I32X"
#define PRIoLEAST32 "I32o"
#define PRIuLEAST32 "I32u"
#define PRIxLEAST32 "I32x"
#define PRIXLEAST32 "I32X"
#define PRIoFAST32 "I32o"
#define PRIuFAST32 "I32u"
#define PRIxFAST32 "I32x"
#define PRIXFAST32 "I32X"
#define PRIo64 "I64o"
#define PRIu64 "I64u"
#define PRIx64 "I64x"
#define PRIX64 "I64X"
#define PRIoLEAST64 "I64o"
#define PRIuLEAST64 "I64u"
#define PRIxLEAST64 "I64x"
#define PRIXLEAST64 "I64X"
#define PRIoFAST64 "I64o"
#define PRIuFAST64 "I64u"
#define PRIxFAST64 "I64x"
#define PRIXFAST64 "I64X"
#define PRIoMAX "I64o"
#define PRIuMAX "I64u"
#define PRIxMAX "I64x"
#define PRIXMAX "I64X"
#define PRIoPTR "Io"
#define PRIuPTR "Iu"
#define PRIxPTR "Ix"
#define PRIXPTR "IX"
// The fscanf macros for signed integers are:
#define SCNd8 "d"
#define SCNi8 "i"
#define SCNdLEAST8 "d"
#define SCNiLEAST8 "i"
#define SCNdFAST8 "d"
#define SCNiFAST8 "i"
#define SCNd16 "hd"
#define SCNi16 "hi"
#define SCNdLEAST16 "hd"
#define SCNiLEAST16 "hi"
#define SCNdFAST16 "hd"
#define SCNiFAST16 "hi"
#define SCNd32 "ld"
#define SCNi32 "li"
#define SCNdLEAST32 "ld"
#define SCNiLEAST32 "li"
#define SCNdFAST32 "ld"
#define SCNiFAST32 "li"
#define SCNd64 "I64d"
#define SCNi64 "I64i"
#define SCNdLEAST64 "I64d"
#define SCNiLEAST64 "I64i"
#define SCNdFAST64 "I64d"
#define SCNiFAST64 "I64i"
#define SCNdMAX "I64d"
#define SCNiMAX "I64i"
#ifdef _WIN64 // [
# define SCNdPTR "I64d"
# define SCNiPTR "I64i"
#else // _WIN64 ][
# define SCNdPTR "ld"
# define SCNiPTR "li"
#endif // _WIN64 ]
// The fscanf macros for unsigned integers are:
#define SCNo8 "o"
#define SCNu8 "u"
#define SCNx8 "x"
#define SCNX8 "X"
#define SCNoLEAST8 "o"
#define SCNuLEAST8 "u"
#define SCNxLEAST8 "x"
#define SCNXLEAST8 "X"
#define SCNoFAST8 "o"
#define SCNuFAST8 "u"
#define SCNxFAST8 "x"
#define SCNXFAST8 "X"
#define SCNo16 "ho"
#define SCNu16 "hu"
#define SCNx16 "hx"
#define SCNX16 "hX"
#define SCNoLEAST16 "ho"
#define SCNuLEAST16 "hu"
#define SCNxLEAST16 "hx"
#define SCNXLEAST16 "hX"
#define SCNoFAST16 "ho"
#define SCNuFAST16 "hu"
#define SCNxFAST16 "hx"
#define SCNXFAST16 "hX"
#define SCNo32 "lo"
#define SCNu32 "lu"
#define SCNx32 "lx"
#define SCNX32 "lX"
#define SCNoLEAST32 "lo"
#define SCNuLEAST32 "lu"
#define SCNxLEAST32 "lx"
#define SCNXLEAST32 "lX"
#define SCNoFAST32 "lo"
#define SCNuFAST32 "lu"
#define SCNxFAST32 "lx"
#define SCNXFAST32 "lX"
#define SCNo64 "I64o"
#define SCNu64 "I64u"
#define SCNx64 "I64x"
#define SCNX64 "I64X"
#define SCNoLEAST64 "I64o"
#define SCNuLEAST64 "I64u"
#define SCNxLEAST64 "I64x"
#define SCNXLEAST64 "I64X"
#define SCNoFAST64 "I64o"
#define SCNuFAST64 "I64u"
#define SCNxFAST64 "I64x"
#define SCNXFAST64 "I64X"
#define SCNoMAX "I64o"
#define SCNuMAX "I64u"
#define SCNxMAX "I64x"
#define SCNXMAX "I64X"
#ifdef _WIN64 // [
# define SCNoPTR "I64o"
# define SCNuPTR "I64u"
# define SCNxPTR "I64x"
# define SCNXPTR "I64X"
#else // _WIN64 ][
# define SCNoPTR "lo"
# define SCNuPTR "lu"
# define SCNxPTR "lx"
# define SCNXPTR "lX"
#endif // _WIN64 ]
#endif // __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS ]
// 7.8.2 Functions for greatest-width integer types
// 7.8.2.1 The imaxabs function
#define imaxabs _abs64
// 7.8.2.2 The imaxdiv function
// This is modified version of div() function from Microsoft's div.c found
// in %MSVC.NET%\crt\src\div.c
#ifdef STATIC_IMAXDIV // [
static
#else // STATIC_IMAXDIV ][
_inline
#endif // STATIC_IMAXDIV ]
imaxdiv_t __cdecl imaxdiv(intmax_t numer, intmax_t denom)
{
imaxdiv_t result;
result.quot = numer / denom;
result.rem = numer % denom;
if (numer < 0 && result.rem > 0) {
// did division wrong; must fix up
++result.quot;
result.rem -= denom;
}
return result;
}
// 7.8.2.3 The strtoimax and strtoumax functions
#define strtoimax _strtoi64
#define strtoumax _strtoui64
// 7.8.2.4 The wcstoimax and wcstoumax functions
#define wcstoimax _wcstoi64
#define wcstoumax _wcstoui64
#endif // _MSC_INTTYPES_H_ ]
ngspice-24/visualc/include/ngspice/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 020330 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/visualc/include/ngspice/config.h 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000037256 11712022254 021763 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre /* config.h. Adoted from config which was generated by configure using MSYS and MINGW. */
/* Special consideration have been given to MS Visual Studio 2008 requirements. */
/* HVo Dec. 2008, Nov. 2009 */
/* Support for Verilog-A(MS) models */
/* #undef ADMS */
/* Define if we want debug sensitivity analysis */
/* #undef ASDEBUG */
/* Define if we want to bypass cbd/cbs calculation for non varying vbs/vbd */
/* #undef CAPBYPASS */
/* The CIDER enhancements */
#define CIDER 1
/* Define to 1 if the `closedir' function returns void instead of `int'. */
/* #undef CLOSEDIR_VOID */
/* Spice cluster support */
/* #undef CLUSTER */
/* Define if you want to debug ngspice shell */
/* #undef CPDEBUG */
/* Define to one of `_getb67', `GETB67', `getb67' for Cray-2 and Cray-YMP
systems. This function is required for `alloca.c' support on those systems.
*/
/* #undef CRAY_STACKSEG_END */
/* Define to 1 if using `alloca.c'. */
/* #undef C_ALLOCA */
/* Define if we want debug distortion analysis (BLOCKTIMES) */
/* #undef D_DBG_BLOCKTIMES */
/* Define if we want debug distortion analysis (SMALLTIMES) */
/* #undef D_DBG_SMALLTIMES */
/* Define if we want some experimental code */
/* #undef EXPERIMENTAL_CODE */
/* Define if we want to enable experimental devices */
/* #undef EXP_DEV */
/* Define if you want to debug frontend */
/* #undef FTEDEBUG */
/* CONSOLE flag set in configurations console_debug and console_release */
#ifndef CONSOLE
/* define to specify MS Windows GUI executable */
#define HAS_WINDOWS 1
#endif
/* Define to 1 if you have the `access' function. */
#define HAVE_ACCESS 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `acosh' function. */
/* undef HAVE_ACOSH */
/* Define to 1 if you have `alloca', as a function or macro. */
/* #undef HAVE_ALLOCA */
/* Define to 1 if you have and it should be used (not on Ultrix).
*/
/* #undef HAVE_ALLOCA_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_ARPA_INET_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `asinh' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_ASINH */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `asprintf' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_ASPRINTF */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `atanh' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_ATANH */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `bcopy' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_BCOPY */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_BLT_H */
/* Define to enable BSD editline */
/* #undef HAVE_BSDEDITLINE */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `bzero' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_BZERO */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_CTYPE_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the declaration of `tzname', and to 0 if you don't.
*/
/* #undef HAVE_DECL_TZNAME */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file, and it defines `DIR'.
*/
/* #undef HAVE_DIRENT_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `dirname' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_DIRNAME */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_DLFCN_H */
/* Define to 1 if you don't have `vprintf' but do have `_doprnt.' */
/* #undef HAVE_DOPRNT */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `dup2' function. */
#define HAVE_DUP2 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_EDITLINE_READLINE_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `endpwent' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_ENDPWENT */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `erfc' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_ERFC */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_FCNTL_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_FLOAT_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `fork' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_FORK */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `ftime' function. */
#define HAVE_FTIME 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `getcwd' function. */
#define HAVE_GETCWD 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `gethostbyname' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `getrlimit' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_GETRLIMIT */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `getrusage' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_GETRUSAGE */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `gettimeofday' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `getwd' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_GETWD */
/* Define if we have GNU readline */
/* #undef HAVE_GNUREADLINE */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_IEEEFP_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `index' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_INDEX */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_INTTYPES_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `isatty' function. */
#define HAVE_ISATTY 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `isnan' function. */
#define HAVE_ISNAN 1
/* Define if we want garbage collection enabled */
/* #undef HAVE_LIBGC */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_LIBGEN_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_LIBIBERTY_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_LIBINTL_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `m' library (-lm). */
#define HAVE_LIBM 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `pthread' library (-lpthread). */
/* #undef HAVE_LIBPTHREAD */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_LIMITS_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `localtime' function. */
#define HAVE_LOCALTIME 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `logb' function. */
#define HAVE_LOGB 1
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#define logb _logb /* needed in spsmp.c */
#endif
/* Define to 1 if your system has a GNU libc compatible `malloc' function, and
to 0 otherwise. */
/* #undef HAVE_MALLOC */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_MALLOC_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `memmove' function. */
#define HAVE_MEMMOVE 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_MEMORY_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `memset' function. */
#define HAVE_MEMSET 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `modf' function. */
#define HAVE_MODF 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_NCURSES_TERMCAP_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file, and it defines `DIR'. */
/* #undef HAVE_NDIR_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_NETDB_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `popen' function. */
/* undef HAVE_POPEN */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_PWD_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `qsort' function. */
#define HAVE_QSORT 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `random' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_RANDOM */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_READLINE_HISTORY_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_READLINE_READLINE_H */
/* Define to 1 if your system has a GNU libc compatible `realloc' function,
and to 0 otherwise. */
/* #undef HAVE_REALLOC */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `rindex' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_RINDEX */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `scalb' function. */
#define HAVE_SCALB 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `scalbn' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_SCALBN */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `select' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_SELECT */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_SGTTY_H */
/* Define if we have sigsetjmp(). */
/* #undef HAVE_SIGSETJMP */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `snprintf' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_SNPRINTF */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `socket' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_SOCKET */
/* Define to 1 if stdbool.h conforms to C99. */
/* #undef HAVE_STDBOOL_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_STDDEF_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #define HAVE_STDINT_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_STDLIB_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `strchr' function. */
#define HAVE_STRCHR 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `strdup' function. */
#define HAVE_STRDUP 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `strerror' function. */
#define HAVE_STRERROR 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_STRINGS_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_STRING_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `strncasecmp' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_STRNCASECMP */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_STROPTS_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `strrchr' function. */
#define HAVE_STRRCHR 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `strstr' function. */
#define HAVE_STRSTR 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the `strtol' function. */
#define HAVE_STRTOL 1
/* Define to 1 if `tm_zone' is member of `struct tm'. */
/* #undef HAVE_STRUCT_TM_TM_ZONE */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file, and it defines `DIR'.
*/
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_DIR_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_FILE_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_IO_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file, and it defines `DIR'.
*/
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_NDIR_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_SYS_STAT_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_SYS_TIMEB_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
#define HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H 1
/* Define to 1 if you have that is POSIX.1 compatible. */
/* #undef HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `tcgetattr' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_TCGETATTR */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `tcsetattr' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_TCSETATTR */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_TCL_H */
/* Define if we have ncurses or termcap */
/* #undef HAVE_TERMCAP */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_TERMCAP_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_TERMIOS_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_TERMIO_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `time' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_TIME */
/* Define to 1 if your `struct tm' has `tm_zone'. Deprecated, use
`HAVE_STRUCT_TM_TM_ZONE' instead. */
/* #undef HAVE_TM_ZONE */
/* Define to 1 if you don't have `tm_zone' but do have the external array
`tzname'. */
/* #undef HAVE_TZNAME */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `ulimit' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_ULIMIT */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_UNISTD_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `utimes' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_UTIMES */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_VALUES_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `vfork' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_VFORK */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE_VFORK_H */
/* Define to 1 if you have the `vprintf' function. */
/* #undef HAVE_VPRINTF */
/* Define to 1 if `fork' works. */
/* #undef HAVE_WORKING_FORK */
/* Define to 1 if `vfork' works. */
/* #undef HAVE_WORKING_VFORK */
/* Define to 1 if the system has the type `_Bool'. */
/* #undef HAVE__BOOL */
/* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */
/* #undef HAVE__PROC_MEMINFO */
/* Client-Server only via stdio. */
#define IPC_DEBUG_VIA_STDIO 1
/* Client-Server via socket. */
/* #undef IPC_UNIX_SOCKETS */
/* The NDEV interface */
/* #undef NDEV */
/* Define if you want to discover :) */
/* #undef NEWPRED */
/* Do not trigger unwanted traps by default */
/* #undef NEWTRUNC */
/* Define the build date */
#define NGSPICEBUILDDATE "Mon Sep 06 23:06:55 GMT 2010"
#ifdef CONFIG64
/* Define the directory for executables */
#define NGSPICEBINDIR "C:/Spice64/bin"
/* Define the directory for architecture independent data files */
#define NGSPICEDATADIR "C:/Spice64/share/ngspice"
#else
/* Define the directory for executables */
#define NGSPICEBINDIR "C:/Spice/bin"
/* Define the directory for architecture independent data files */
#define NGSPICEDATADIR "C:/Spice/share/ngspice"
#endif
/* Define if we want NOBYPASS */
/* #undef NOBYPASS */
/* Experimental code never implemented to damp Newton iterations */
/* #undef NODELIMITING */
/* Name of package */
#define PACKAGE "ngspice"
/* Define to the address where bug reports for this package should be sent. */
#define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "http://ngspice.sourceforge.net/bugrep.html"
/* Define to the full name of this package. */
#define PACKAGE_NAME "ngspice"
/* Define to the full name and version of this package. */
#define PACKAGE_STRING "ngspice 24"
/* Define to the one symbol short name of this package. */
#define PACKAGE_TARNAME "ngspice"
/* Define to the version of this package. */
#define PACKAGE_VERSION "24"
/* Define if we want predictor algorithm */
/* #undef PREDICTOR */
/* Define to 1 if the C compiler supports function prototypes. */
/* #undef PROTOTYPES */
/* Define if you want to debug pole-zero analysis */
/* #undef PZDEBUG */
/* Define as the return type of signal handlers (`int' or `void'). */
#define RETSIGTYPE void
/* Define to the type of arg 1 for `select'. */
/* #undef SELECT_TYPE_ARG1 */
/* Define to the type of args 2, 3 and 4 for `select'. */
/* #undef SELECT_TYPE_ARG234 */
/* Define to the type of arg 5 for `select'. */
/* #undef SELECT_TYPE_ARG5 */
/* Define if we want debug sensititvity analysis */
/* #undef SENSDEBUG */
/* Define to 1 if the `setvbuf' function takes the buffering type as its
second argument and the buffer pointer as the third, as on System V before
release 3. */
/* #undef SETVBUF_REVERSED */
/* If using the C implementation of alloca, define if you know the
direction of stack growth for your system; otherwise it will be
automatically deduced at run-time.
STACK_DIRECTION > 0 => grows toward higher addresses
STACK_DIRECTION < 0 => grows toward lower addresses
STACK_DIRECTION = 0 => direction of growth unknown */
/* #undef STACK_DIRECTION */
/* Define to 1 if the `S_IS*' macros in do not work properly. */
/* #undef STAT_MACROS_BROKEN */
/* Define to 1 if you have the ANSI C header files. */
#define STDC_HEADERS 1
/* Define if we want stepdebug */
/* #undef STEPDEBUG */
/* Define to 1 if you can safely include both and . */
/* #undef TIME_WITH_SYS_TIME */
/* Define to 1 if your declares `struct tm'. */
/* #undef TM_IN_SYS_TIME */
/* Version number of package */
#define VERSION "24"
/* Define if we want spice2 sensitivity analysis */
/* #undef WANT_SENSE2 */
/* The xspice enhancements */
#define XSPICE 1
/* Define to 1 if the X Window System is missing or not being used. */
#define X_DISPLAY_MISSING 1
/* Define to 1 if `lex' declares `yytext' as a `char *' by default, not a
`char[]'. */
/* #undef YYTEXT_POINTER */
/* Define like PROTOTYPES; this can be used by system headers. */
/* #undef __PROTOTYPES */
/* Define to rpl_malloc if the replacement function should be used. */
/* #undef malloc */
/* Define to `int' if does not define. */
/* #undef pid_t */
/* Define to rpl_realloc if the replacement function should be used. */
/* #undef realloc */
/* Define to `unsigned' if does not define. */
/* #undef size_t */
/* Define as `fork' if `vfork' does not work. */
#define vfork fork
ngspice-24/visualc/include/stdint.h 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000017060 11712022254 020362 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre // ISO C9x compliant stdint.h for Microsoft Visual Studio
// Based on ISO/IEC 9899:TC2 Committee draft (May 6, 2005) WG14/N1124
//
// Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Alexander Chemeris
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
//
// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//
// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
//
// 3. The name of the author may be used to endorse or promote products
// derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
// WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
// MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
// EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
// OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
// WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
// OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
// ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef _MSC_VER // [
#error "Use this header only with Microsoft Visual C++ compilers!"
#endif // _MSC_VER ]
#ifndef _MSC_STDINT_H_ // [
#define _MSC_STDINT_H_
#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif
#include
// For Visual Studio 6 in C++ mode and for many Visual Studio versions when
// compiling for ARM we should wrap include with 'extern "C++" {}'
// or compiler give many errors like this:
// error C2733: second C linkage of overloaded function 'wmemchr' not allowed
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
# include
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
// Define _W64 macros to mark types changing their size, like intptr_t.
#ifndef _W64
# if !defined(__midl) && (defined(_X86_) || defined(_M_IX86)) && _MSC_VER >= 1300
# define _W64 __w64
# else
# define _W64
# endif
#endif
// 7.18.1 Integer types
// 7.18.1.1 Exact-width integer types
// Visual Studio 6 and Embedded Visual C++ 4 doesn't
// realize that, e.g. char has the same size as __int8
// so we give up on __intX for them.
#if (_MSC_VER < 1300)
typedef signed char int8_t;
typedef signed short int16_t;
typedef signed int int32_t;
typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
typedef unsigned int uint32_t;
#else
typedef signed __int8 int8_t;
typedef signed __int16 int16_t;
typedef signed __int32 int32_t;
typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
#endif
typedef signed __int64 int64_t;
typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
// 7.18.1.2 Minimum-width integer types
typedef int8_t int_least8_t;
typedef int16_t int_least16_t;
typedef int32_t int_least32_t;
typedef int64_t int_least64_t;
typedef uint8_t uint_least8_t;
typedef uint16_t uint_least16_t;
typedef uint32_t uint_least32_t;
typedef uint64_t uint_least64_t;
// 7.18.1.3 Fastest minimum-width integer types
typedef int8_t int_fast8_t;
typedef int16_t int_fast16_t;
typedef int32_t int_fast32_t;
typedef int64_t int_fast64_t;
typedef uint8_t uint_fast8_t;
typedef uint16_t uint_fast16_t;
typedef uint32_t uint_fast32_t;
typedef uint64_t uint_fast64_t;
// 7.18.1.4 Integer types capable of holding object pointers
#ifdef _WIN64 // [
typedef signed __int64 intptr_t;
typedef unsigned __int64 uintptr_t;
#else // _WIN64 ][
typedef _W64 signed int intptr_t;
typedef _W64 unsigned int uintptr_t;
#endif // _WIN64 ]
// 7.18.1.5 Greatest-width integer types
typedef int64_t intmax_t;
typedef uint64_t uintmax_t;
// 7.18.2 Limits of specified-width integer types
#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS) // [ See footnote 220 at page 257 and footnote 221 at page 259
// 7.18.2.1 Limits of exact-width integer types
#define INT8_MIN ((int8_t)_I8_MIN)
#define INT8_MAX _I8_MAX
#define INT16_MIN ((int16_t)_I16_MIN)
#define INT16_MAX _I16_MAX
#define INT32_MIN ((int32_t)_I32_MIN)
#define INT32_MAX _I32_MAX
#define INT64_MIN ((int64_t)_I64_MIN)
#define INT64_MAX _I64_MAX
#define UINT8_MAX _UI8_MAX
#define UINT16_MAX _UI16_MAX
#define UINT32_MAX _UI32_MAX
#define UINT64_MAX _UI64_MAX
// 7.18.2.2 Limits of minimum-width integer types
#define INT_LEAST8_MIN INT8_MIN
#define INT_LEAST8_MAX INT8_MAX
#define INT_LEAST16_MIN INT16_MIN
#define INT_LEAST16_MAX INT16_MAX
#define INT_LEAST32_MIN INT32_MIN
#define INT_LEAST32_MAX INT32_MAX
#define INT_LEAST64_MIN INT64_MIN
#define INT_LEAST64_MAX INT64_MAX
#define UINT_LEAST8_MAX UINT8_MAX
#define UINT_LEAST16_MAX UINT16_MAX
#define UINT_LEAST32_MAX UINT32_MAX
#define UINT_LEAST64_MAX UINT64_MAX
// 7.18.2.3 Limits of fastest minimum-width integer types
#define INT_FAST8_MIN INT8_MIN
#define INT_FAST8_MAX INT8_MAX
#define INT_FAST16_MIN INT16_MIN
#define INT_FAST16_MAX INT16_MAX
#define INT_FAST32_MIN INT32_MIN
#define INT_FAST32_MAX INT32_MAX
#define INT_FAST64_MIN INT64_MIN
#define INT_FAST64_MAX INT64_MAX
#define UINT_FAST8_MAX UINT8_MAX
#define UINT_FAST16_MAX UINT16_MAX
#define UINT_FAST32_MAX UINT32_MAX
#define UINT_FAST64_MAX UINT64_MAX
// 7.18.2.4 Limits of integer types capable of holding object pointers
#ifdef _WIN64 // [
# define INTPTR_MIN INT64_MIN
# define INTPTR_MAX INT64_MAX
# define UINTPTR_MAX UINT64_MAX
#else // _WIN64 ][
# define INTPTR_MIN INT32_MIN
# define INTPTR_MAX INT32_MAX
# define UINTPTR_MAX UINT32_MAX
#endif // _WIN64 ]
// 7.18.2.5 Limits of greatest-width integer types
#define INTMAX_MIN INT64_MIN
#define INTMAX_MAX INT64_MAX
#define UINTMAX_MAX UINT64_MAX
// 7.18.3 Limits of other integer types
#ifdef _WIN64 // [
# define PTRDIFF_MIN _I64_MIN
# define PTRDIFF_MAX _I64_MAX
#else // _WIN64 ][
# define PTRDIFF_MIN _I32_MIN
# define PTRDIFF_MAX _I32_MAX
#endif // _WIN64 ]
#define SIG_ATOMIC_MIN INT_MIN
#define SIG_ATOMIC_MAX INT_MAX
#ifndef SIZE_MAX // [
# ifdef _WIN64 // [
# define SIZE_MAX _UI64_MAX
# else // _WIN64 ][
# define SIZE_MAX _UI32_MAX
# endif // _WIN64 ]
#endif // SIZE_MAX ]
// WCHAR_MIN and WCHAR_MAX are also defined in
#ifndef WCHAR_MIN // [
# define WCHAR_MIN 0
#endif // WCHAR_MIN ]
#ifndef WCHAR_MAX // [
# define WCHAR_MAX _UI16_MAX
#endif // WCHAR_MAX ]
#define WINT_MIN 0
#define WINT_MAX _UI16_MAX
#endif // __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS ]
// 7.18.4 Limits of other integer types
#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS) // [ See footnote 224 at page 260
// 7.18.4.1 Macros for minimum-width integer constants
#define INT8_C(val) val##i8
#define INT16_C(val) val##i16
#define INT32_C(val) val##i32
#define INT64_C(val) val##i64
#define UINT8_C(val) val##ui8
#define UINT16_C(val) val##ui16
#define UINT32_C(val) val##ui32
#define UINT64_C(val) val##ui64
// 7.18.4.2 Macros for greatest-width integer constants
#define INTMAX_C INT64_C
#define UINTMAX_C UINT64_C
#endif // __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS ]
#endif // _MSC_STDINT_H_ ]
ngspice-24/visualc/how-to-ngspice-vstudio.txt 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000005215 11712022254 022357 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre H. Vogt 31.10.09
(Translation of some commands from German to English is required)
Many more details of ngspice usage under Windows is described
in how-to-use-ngspice091031.txt from the binary distribution.
This directory (visualc) with its files
vngspice.sln (project starter) and
vngspice.vcproj (project contents)
allows to compile and link ngspice with MS Visual Studio 2008.
The project is probably not compatible with Visual Studio 2005.
CIDER and XSPICE are included, but the code models for XSPICE
(*.cm) are not (yet) made. You may however use the code models
created with MINGW (which in fact are dlls), as e.g. found in
the ngspice binary distribution.
There is currently no installation procedure provided, you may
however install the executable manually as described in the
installation tree below.
/visualc/include contains a dedicated config.h file. It contains the
preprocessor definitions required to properly compile the code.
strings.h has been necessary during setting up the project.
Install Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 C++
Goto
/ng-spice-rework/visualc
Start MS Visual Studio 2008 by double click onto
vngspice.sln
After MS Visual Studio has opened up, select debug or release version
by checking 'Erstellen' , 'Konfigurations-Manager' 'Debug' or 'Release'
Start making ngspice (called vngspice.exe) by selecting 'Erstellen' and
'vngspice neu erstellen'.
Object files will be created and stored in visualc/debug or visualc/release.
The executable will be stored to visualc/debug/bin or visualc/release/bin.
Installation tree (as provided with MINGW make install) and also used by
vngspice:
C:\Spice\
bin\
ngspice.exe
nghelp.exe
ngmakeidx.exe
ngnutmeg.exe
cmpp.exe
lib\
spice\
analog.cm
digital.cm
spice2poly.cm
extradev.cm
extravt.cm
share\
info\
dir
ngspice.info
ngspice.info-1
..
ngspice.info-10
man\
man1\
ngmultidec.1
ngnutmeg.1
ngsconvert.1
ngspice.1
ng-spice-rework\
helpdir\
ngspice.idx
ngspice.txt
scripts\
ciderinit
devaxis
devload
setplot
spectrum
spinit
If spinit is not found in the directory cited above,
vngspice.exe also searches for spinit in its own directory. If you give
a relative path for the codemodel directories in spinit, you may
determine your own directory tree.
If you want to generate a console ngspice (without GUI,
without graphics interface, but usable in batch mode (-b)),
then you have to do the following before compilation:
select console_debug or console_release from the configuration manager.
ngspice.exe will search for spinit in the directory tree shown above, or,
if not found, in its own directory.
ngspice-24/visualc/vngspice.sln 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000006125 11712022254 017615 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 10.00
# Visual Studio 2008
Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "vngspice", "vngspice.vcproj", "{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}"
EndProject
Global
GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
console_debug|Win32 = console_debug|Win32
console_debug|x64 = console_debug|x64
console_release_omp|Win32 = console_release_omp|Win32
console_release_omp|x64 = console_release_omp|x64
console_release|Win32 = console_release|Win32
console_release|x64 = console_release|x64
Debug|Win32 = Debug|Win32
Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
Release|Win32 = Release|Win32
Release|x64 = Release|x64
ReleaseOMP|Win32 = ReleaseOMP|Win32
ReleaseOMP|x64 = ReleaseOMP|x64
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = console_debug|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_debug|Win32.Build.0 = console_debug|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_debug|x64.ActiveCfg = console_debug|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_debug|x64.Build.0 = console_debug|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_release_omp|Win32.ActiveCfg = console_release|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_release_omp|x64.ActiveCfg = console_release|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_release_omp|x64.Build.0 = console_release|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_release|Win32.ActiveCfg = console_release|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_release|Win32.Build.0 = console_release|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_release|x64.ActiveCfg = console_release|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.console_release|x64.Build.0 = console_release|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.ReleaseOMP|Win32.ActiveCfg = ReleaseOMP|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.ReleaseOMP|Win32.Build.0 = ReleaseOMP|Win32
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.ReleaseOMP|x64.ActiveCfg = ReleaseOMP|x64
{83E315C7-EDD3-4F6B-AF28-87A92A4FA49A}.ReleaseOMP|x64.Build.0 = ReleaseOMP|x64
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
HideSolutionNode = FALSE
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution
AMDCaPersistentConfig = Debug|Win32
AMDCaPersistentStartup = vngspice
AMDCaProjectFile = D:\Spice_general\ng-spice-rework\visualc\CodeAnalyst\vngspice.caw
EndGlobalSection
EndGlobal
ngspice-24/missing 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000026233 11712022321 015207 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #! /bin/sh
# Common stub for a few missing GNU programs while installing.
scriptversion=2009-04-28.21; # UTC
# Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006,
# 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# Originally by Fran,cois Pinard , 1996.
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
# any later version.
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see .
# As a special exception to the GNU General Public License, if you
# distribute this file as part of a program that contains a
# configuration script generated by Autoconf, you may include it under
# the same distribution terms that you use for the rest of that program.
if test $# -eq 0; then
echo 1>&2 "Try \`$0 --help' for more information"
exit 1
fi
run=:
sed_output='s/.* --output[ =]\([^ ]*\).*/\1/p'
sed_minuso='s/.* -o \([^ ]*\).*/\1/p'
# In the cases where this matters, `missing' is being run in the
# srcdir already.
if test -f configure.ac; then
configure_ac=configure.ac
else
configure_ac=configure.in
fi
msg="missing on your system"
case $1 in
--run)
# Try to run requested program, and just exit if it succeeds.
run=
shift
"$@" && exit 0
# Exit code 63 means version mismatch. This often happens
# when the user try to use an ancient version of a tool on
# a file that requires a minimum version. In this case we
# we should proceed has if the program had been absent, or
# if --run hadn't been passed.
if test $? = 63; then
run=:
msg="probably too old"
fi
;;
-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
echo "\
$0 [OPTION]... PROGRAM [ARGUMENT]...
Handle \`PROGRAM [ARGUMENT]...' for when PROGRAM is missing, or return an
error status if there is no known handling for PROGRAM.
Options:
-h, --help display this help and exit
-v, --version output version information and exit
--run try to run the given command, and emulate it if it fails
Supported PROGRAM values:
aclocal touch file \`aclocal.m4'
autoconf touch file \`configure'
autoheader touch file \`config.h.in'
autom4te touch the output file, or create a stub one
automake touch all \`Makefile.in' files
bison create \`y.tab.[ch]', if possible, from existing .[ch]
flex create \`lex.yy.c', if possible, from existing .c
help2man touch the output file
lex create \`lex.yy.c', if possible, from existing .c
makeinfo touch the output file
tar try tar, gnutar, gtar, then tar without non-portable flags
yacc create \`y.tab.[ch]', if possible, from existing .[ch]
Version suffixes to PROGRAM as well as the prefixes \`gnu-', \`gnu', and
\`g' are ignored when checking the name.
Send bug reports to ."
exit $?
;;
-v|--v|--ve|--ver|--vers|--versi|--versio|--version)
echo "missing $scriptversion (GNU Automake)"
exit $?
;;
-*)
echo 1>&2 "$0: Unknown \`$1' option"
echo 1>&2 "Try \`$0 --help' for more information"
exit 1
;;
esac
# normalize program name to check for.
program=`echo "$1" | sed '
s/^gnu-//; t
s/^gnu//; t
s/^g//; t'`
# Now exit if we have it, but it failed. Also exit now if we
# don't have it and --version was passed (most likely to detect
# the program). This is about non-GNU programs, so use $1 not
# $program.
case $1 in
lex*|yacc*)
# Not GNU programs, they don't have --version.
;;
tar*)
if test -n "$run"; then
echo 1>&2 "ERROR: \`tar' requires --run"
exit 1
elif test "x$2" = "x--version" || test "x$2" = "x--help"; then
exit 1
fi
;;
*)
if test -z "$run" && ($1 --version) > /dev/null 2>&1; then
# We have it, but it failed.
exit 1
elif test "x$2" = "x--version" || test "x$2" = "x--help"; then
# Could not run --version or --help. This is probably someone
# running `$TOOL --version' or `$TOOL --help' to check whether
# $TOOL exists and not knowing $TOOL uses missing.
exit 1
fi
;;
esac
# If it does not exist, or fails to run (possibly an outdated version),
# try to emulate it.
case $program in
aclocal*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is $msg. You should only need it if
you modified \`acinclude.m4' or \`${configure_ac}'. You might want
to install the \`Automake' and \`Perl' packages. Grab them from
any GNU archive site."
touch aclocal.m4
;;
autoconf*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is $msg. You should only need it if
you modified \`${configure_ac}'. You might want to install the
\`Autoconf' and \`GNU m4' packages. Grab them from any GNU
archive site."
touch configure
;;
autoheader*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is $msg. You should only need it if
you modified \`acconfig.h' or \`${configure_ac}'. You might want
to install the \`Autoconf' and \`GNU m4' packages. Grab them
from any GNU archive site."
files=`sed -n 's/^[ ]*A[CM]_CONFIG_HEADER(\([^)]*\)).*/\1/p' ${configure_ac}`
test -z "$files" && files="config.h"
touch_files=
for f in $files; do
case $f in
*:*) touch_files="$touch_files "`echo "$f" |
sed -e 's/^[^:]*://' -e 's/:.*//'`;;
*) touch_files="$touch_files $f.in";;
esac
done
touch $touch_files
;;
automake*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is $msg. You should only need it if
you modified \`Makefile.am', \`acinclude.m4' or \`${configure_ac}'.
You might want to install the \`Automake' and \`Perl' packages.
Grab them from any GNU archive site."
find . -type f -name Makefile.am -print |
sed 's/\.am$/.in/' |
while read f; do touch "$f"; done
;;
autom4te*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is needed, but is $msg.
You might have modified some files without having the
proper tools for further handling them.
You can get \`$1' as part of \`Autoconf' from any GNU
archive site."
file=`echo "$*" | sed -n "$sed_output"`
test -z "$file" && file=`echo "$*" | sed -n "$sed_minuso"`
if test -f "$file"; then
touch $file
else
test -z "$file" || exec >$file
echo "#! /bin/sh"
echo "# Created by GNU Automake missing as a replacement of"
echo "# $ $@"
echo "exit 0"
chmod +x $file
exit 1
fi
;;
bison*|yacc*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' $msg. You should only need it if
you modified a \`.y' file. You may need the \`Bison' package
in order for those modifications to take effect. You can get
\`Bison' from any GNU archive site."
rm -f y.tab.c y.tab.h
if test $# -ne 1; then
eval LASTARG="\${$#}"
case $LASTARG in
*.y)
SRCFILE=`echo "$LASTARG" | sed 's/y$/c/'`
if test -f "$SRCFILE"; then
cp "$SRCFILE" y.tab.c
fi
SRCFILE=`echo "$LASTARG" | sed 's/y$/h/'`
if test -f "$SRCFILE"; then
cp "$SRCFILE" y.tab.h
fi
;;
esac
fi
if test ! -f y.tab.h; then
echo >y.tab.h
fi
if test ! -f y.tab.c; then
echo 'main() { return 0; }' >y.tab.c
fi
;;
lex*|flex*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is $msg. You should only need it if
you modified a \`.l' file. You may need the \`Flex' package
in order for those modifications to take effect. You can get
\`Flex' from any GNU archive site."
rm -f lex.yy.c
if test $# -ne 1; then
eval LASTARG="\${$#}"
case $LASTARG in
*.l)
SRCFILE=`echo "$LASTARG" | sed 's/l$/c/'`
if test -f "$SRCFILE"; then
cp "$SRCFILE" lex.yy.c
fi
;;
esac
fi
if test ! -f lex.yy.c; then
echo 'main() { return 0; }' >lex.yy.c
fi
;;
help2man*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is $msg. You should only need it if
you modified a dependency of a manual page. You may need the
\`Help2man' package in order for those modifications to take
effect. You can get \`Help2man' from any GNU archive site."
file=`echo "$*" | sed -n "$sed_output"`
test -z "$file" && file=`echo "$*" | sed -n "$sed_minuso"`
if test -f "$file"; then
touch $file
else
test -z "$file" || exec >$file
echo ".ab help2man is required to generate this page"
exit $?
fi
;;
makeinfo*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is $msg. You should only need it if
you modified a \`.texi' or \`.texinfo' file, or any other file
indirectly affecting the aspect of the manual. The spurious
call might also be the consequence of using a buggy \`make' (AIX,
DU, IRIX). You might want to install the \`Texinfo' package or
the \`GNU make' package. Grab either from any GNU archive site."
# The file to touch is that specified with -o ...
file=`echo "$*" | sed -n "$sed_output"`
test -z "$file" && file=`echo "$*" | sed -n "$sed_minuso"`
if test -z "$file"; then
# ... or it is the one specified with @setfilename ...
infile=`echo "$*" | sed 's/.* \([^ ]*\) *$/\1/'`
file=`sed -n '
/^@setfilename/{
s/.* \([^ ]*\) *$/\1/
p
q
}' $infile`
# ... or it is derived from the source name (dir/f.texi becomes f.info)
test -z "$file" && file=`echo "$infile" | sed 's,.*/,,;s,.[^.]*$,,'`.info
fi
# If the file does not exist, the user really needs makeinfo;
# let's fail without touching anything.
test -f $file || exit 1
touch $file
;;
tar*)
shift
# We have already tried tar in the generic part.
# Look for gnutar/gtar before invocation to avoid ugly error
# messages.
if (gnutar --version > /dev/null 2>&1); then
gnutar "$@" && exit 0
fi
if (gtar --version > /dev/null 2>&1); then
gtar "$@" && exit 0
fi
firstarg="$1"
if shift; then
case $firstarg in
*o*)
firstarg=`echo "$firstarg" | sed s/o//`
tar "$firstarg" "$@" && exit 0
;;
esac
case $firstarg in
*h*)
firstarg=`echo "$firstarg" | sed s/h//`
tar "$firstarg" "$@" && exit 0
;;
esac
fi
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: I can't seem to be able to run \`tar' with the given arguments.
You may want to install GNU tar or Free paxutils, or check the
command line arguments."
exit 1
;;
*)
echo 1>&2 "\
WARNING: \`$1' is needed, and is $msg.
You might have modified some files without having the
proper tools for further handling them. Check the \`README' file,
it often tells you about the needed prerequisites for installing
this package. You may also peek at any GNU archive site, in case
some other package would contain this missing \`$1' program."
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
# Local variables:
# eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp)
# time-stamp-start: "scriptversion="
# time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d.%02H"
# time-stamp-time-zone: "UTC"
# time-stamp-end: "; # UTC"
# End:
ngspice-24/ylwrap 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000014043 11712022331 015051 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #! /bin/sh
# ylwrap - wrapper for lex/yacc invocations.
scriptversion=2009-04-28.21; # UTC
# Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
# 2007, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#
# Written by Tom Tromey .
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
# any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see .
# As a special exception to the GNU General Public License, if you
# distribute this file as part of a program that contains a
# configuration script generated by Autoconf, you may include it under
# the same distribution terms that you use for the rest of that program.
# This file is maintained in Automake, please report
# bugs to or send patches to
# .
case "$1" in
'')
echo "$0: No files given. Try \`$0 --help' for more information." 1>&2
exit 1
;;
--basedir)
basedir=$2
shift 2
;;
-h|--h*)
cat <<\EOF
Usage: ylwrap [--help|--version] INPUT [OUTPUT DESIRED]... -- PROGRAM [ARGS]...
Wrapper for lex/yacc invocations, renaming files as desired.
INPUT is the input file
OUTPUT is one file PROG generates
DESIRED is the file we actually want instead of OUTPUT
PROGRAM is program to run
ARGS are passed to PROG
Any number of OUTPUT,DESIRED pairs may be used.
Report bugs to .
EOF
exit $?
;;
-v|--v*)
echo "ylwrap $scriptversion"
exit $?
;;
esac
# The input.
input="$1"
shift
case "$input" in
[\\/]* | ?:[\\/]*)
# Absolute path; do nothing.
;;
*)
# Relative path. Make it absolute.
input="`pwd`/$input"
;;
esac
pairlist=
while test "$#" -ne 0; do
if test "$1" = "--"; then
shift
break
fi
pairlist="$pairlist $1"
shift
done
# The program to run.
prog="$1"
shift
# Make any relative path in $prog absolute.
case "$prog" in
[\\/]* | ?:[\\/]*) ;;
*[\\/]*) prog="`pwd`/$prog" ;;
esac
# FIXME: add hostname here for parallel makes that run commands on
# other machines. But that might take us over the 14-char limit.
dirname=ylwrap$$
trap "cd '`pwd`'; rm -rf $dirname > /dev/null 2>&1" 1 2 3 15
mkdir $dirname || exit 1
cd $dirname
case $# in
0) "$prog" "$input" ;;
*) "$prog" "$@" "$input" ;;
esac
ret=$?
if test $ret -eq 0; then
set X $pairlist
shift
first=yes
# Since DOS filename conventions don't allow two dots,
# the DOS version of Bison writes out y_tab.c instead of y.tab.c
# and y_tab.h instead of y.tab.h. Test to see if this is the case.
y_tab_nodot="no"
if test -f y_tab.c || test -f y_tab.h; then
y_tab_nodot="yes"
fi
# The directory holding the input.
input_dir=`echo "$input" | sed -e 's,\([\\/]\)[^\\/]*$,\1,'`
# Quote $INPUT_DIR so we can use it in a regexp.
# FIXME: really we should care about more than `.' and `\'.
input_rx=`echo "$input_dir" | sed 's,\\\\,\\\\\\\\,g;s,\\.,\\\\.,g'`
while test "$#" -ne 0; do
from="$1"
# Handle y_tab.c and y_tab.h output by DOS
if test $y_tab_nodot = "yes"; then
if test $from = "y.tab.c"; then
from="y_tab.c"
else
if test $from = "y.tab.h"; then
from="y_tab.h"
fi
fi
fi
if test -f "$from"; then
# If $2 is an absolute path name, then just use that,
# otherwise prepend `../'.
case "$2" in
[\\/]* | ?:[\\/]*) target="$2";;
*) target="../$2";;
esac
# We do not want to overwrite a header file if it hasn't
# changed. This avoid useless recompilations. However the
# parser itself (the first file) should always be updated,
# because it is the destination of the .y.c rule in the
# Makefile. Divert the output of all other files to a temporary
# file so we can compare them to existing versions.
if test $first = no; then
realtarget="$target"
target="tmp-`echo $target | sed s/.*[\\/]//g`"
fi
# Edit out `#line' or `#' directives.
#
# We don't want the resulting debug information to point at
# an absolute srcdir; it is better for it to just mention the
# .y file with no path.
#
# We want to use the real output file name, not yy.lex.c for
# instance.
#
# We want the include guards to be adjusted too.
FROM=`echo "$from" | sed \
-e 'y/abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ/'\
-e 's/[^ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ]/_/g'`
TARGET=`echo "$2" | sed \
-e 'y/abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ/'\
-e 's/[^ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ]/_/g'`
sed -e "/^#/!b" -e "s,$input_rx,," -e "s,$from,$2," \
-e "s,$FROM,$TARGET," "$from" >"$target" || ret=$?
# Check whether header files must be updated.
if test $first = no; then
if test -f "$realtarget" && cmp -s "$realtarget" "$target"; then
echo "$2" is unchanged
rm -f "$target"
else
echo updating "$2"
mv -f "$target" "$realtarget"
fi
fi
else
# A missing file is only an error for the first file. This
# is a blatant hack to let us support using "yacc -d". If -d
# is not specified, we don't want an error when the header
# file is "missing".
if test $first = yes; then
ret=1
fi
fi
shift
shift
first=no
done
else
ret=$?
fi
# Remove the directory.
cd ..
rm -rf $dirname
exit $ret
# Local Variables:
# mode: shell-script
# sh-indentation: 2
# eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp)
# time-stamp-start: "scriptversion="
# time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d.%02H"
# time-stamp-time-zone: "UTC"
# time-stamp-end: "; # UTC"
# End:
ngspice-24/COPYING 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000076573 11712022254 014664 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre 12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
Ngspice-23
Copyright (c) 2011,
All rights reserved.
Foreword:
Spice's name was originally chosen at the University of California, Berkeley.
As it is the basis of almost all circuit simulators, the major part of the
analogue and mixed signals simulation's code is designed to fit with it.
The *spices (generic name for its forks) are heterogeneous in many points due
to the work of researchers, electronic designers, software editors, etc.
The Ngspice team tries to collect work from the different sources and
contribute new functionalities. Thus, the material we manipulate is
heterogeneous in licenses. Keeping the licenses as is, is the way to live with
that diversity. For release 23 as well, we choose not to relicense.
Copyleft is a fundamental question in FOSS development. The choice of a
copylefted contribution, or a non copylefted contribution is an important
choice that should be respected. Ngspice branch as a whole will not be covered
by a specific license. The Ngspice team wants to encourage contributions to
ngspice. We let each new developper choose its position regarding copyleft,
as we respect the position of the former developpers. In order to keep things
clear ngspice team proposes to follow the following guidelines:
Each piece of code should be kept under its original contributor's license.
As for any project, modifications made in sources covered by a less
restrictive license can be covered by a more restrictive license, such as
GPL. We do not encourage it.
If you feel to add code in a file under a different license than the rest of
the file, please use comments to mark the boundaries of the modification, and
edit the comments at the begining of the file with correct license and
copyright information.
We encourage restrictive licenses to be chosen only for new functionalities,
written in distinct files, leading to distinct libraries that links depending
on a specific configure flag.
We encourage non proliferation of licenses (e.g. choosing either GPL, LGPL or
new BSD).
This heterogenous license status makes it difficult to know which license
applies. Please take care of knowing which license aplies to the code you are
editing, or conveying and not to commit license infringements, especially to
GPL and LGPL which are quite restrictive.
On 2007, July 17th spice 3f5 changed from its original license to the new BSD
license. (http://embedded.eecs.berkeley.edu/pubs/downloads/spice/index.htm)
On 2008, December 1st, tclspice changes license from GPL to LGPLv2, in
accordance with Multigig Ltd, the copyright holder.
The following table is just a reminder on license status, please don't rely
on it:
Author License Notes
numparam Georg Post LGPL Applies to the code in
frontend/numparam
adms Laurent Lemaitre LGPL Applies to scripts in the
spicelib/dev/adms
tclspice Stefan Jones LGPL TCL integration
cider U. of California Old BSD Device level simulator
xspice Georgia Tech. Public D Mixed signals
spice U. of California New BSD Analog circuit simulation
---------------------------------- Cider -----------------------------------
RESEARCH SOFTWARE AGREEMENT
This file specifies the terms under which the software and
documentation provided with this distribution are provided.
Software is distributed as is, completely without warranty
or service support. The University of California and its employ-
ees are not liable for the condition or performance of the
software.
The University does not warrant that it owns the copyright
or other proprietary rights to all software and documentation
provided under this agreement, notwithstanding any copyright
notice, and shall not be liable for any infringement of copyright
or proprietary rights brought by third parties against the reci-
pient of the software and documentation provided under this
agreement.
THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE UNIVERSITY IS NOT
LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES INCURRED BY THE RECIPIENT IN USE OF THE
SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION, INCLUDING DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
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The University of California grants the recipient the right
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documentation.
(c) The recipient agrees to obey all U.S. Government restric-
tions governing redistribution or export of the software and
documentation.
---------------------------------- Spice3f5 --------------------------------
Copyright (c) 1985-1991 The Regents of the University of California.
All rights reserved.
Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and without license
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documentation for any purpose, provided that the above copyright notice and
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IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR
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OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE UNIVERSITY OF
CALIFORNIA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN
"AS IS" BASIS, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS NO OBLIGATION TO PROVIDE
MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
-------------------------------- Tclspice --------------------------------
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Version 2.1, February 1999
Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts
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ngspice-24/depcomp 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000044267 11712022322 015175 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #! /bin/sh
# depcomp - compile a program generating dependencies as side-effects
scriptversion=2009-04-28.21; # UTC
# Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 Free
# Software Foundation, Inc.
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
# any later version.
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see .
# As a special exception to the GNU General Public License, if you
# distribute this file as part of a program that contains a
# configuration script generated by Autoconf, you may include it under
# the same distribution terms that you use for the rest of that program.
# Originally written by Alexandre Oliva .
case $1 in
'')
echo "$0: No command. Try \`$0 --help' for more information." 1>&2
exit 1;
;;
-h | --h*)
cat <<\EOF
Usage: depcomp [--help] [--version] PROGRAM [ARGS]
Run PROGRAMS ARGS to compile a file, generating dependencies
as side-effects.
Environment variables:
depmode Dependency tracking mode.
source Source file read by `PROGRAMS ARGS'.
object Object file output by `PROGRAMS ARGS'.
DEPDIR directory where to store dependencies.
depfile Dependency file to output.
tmpdepfile Temporary file to use when outputing dependencies.
libtool Whether libtool is used (yes/no).
Report bugs to .
EOF
exit $?
;;
-v | --v*)
echo "depcomp $scriptversion"
exit $?
;;
esac
if test -z "$depmode" || test -z "$source" || test -z "$object"; then
echo "depcomp: Variables source, object and depmode must be set" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
# Dependencies for sub/bar.o or sub/bar.obj go into sub/.deps/bar.Po.
depfile=${depfile-`echo "$object" |
sed 's|[^\\/]*$|'${DEPDIR-.deps}'/&|;s|\.\([^.]*\)$|.P\1|;s|Pobj$|Po|'`}
tmpdepfile=${tmpdepfile-`echo "$depfile" | sed 's/\.\([^.]*\)$/.T\1/'`}
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
# Some modes work just like other modes, but use different flags. We
# parameterize here, but still list the modes in the big case below,
# to make depend.m4 easier to write. Note that we *cannot* use a case
# here, because this file can only contain one case statement.
if test "$depmode" = hp; then
# HP compiler uses -M and no extra arg.
gccflag=-M
depmode=gcc
fi
if test "$depmode" = dashXmstdout; then
# This is just like dashmstdout with a different argument.
dashmflag=-xM
depmode=dashmstdout
fi
cygpath_u="cygpath -u -f -"
if test "$depmode" = msvcmsys; then
# This is just like msvisualcpp but w/o cygpath translation.
# Just convert the backslash-escaped backslashes to single forward
# slashes to satisfy depend.m4
cygpath_u="sed s,\\\\\\\\,/,g"
depmode=msvisualcpp
fi
case "$depmode" in
gcc3)
## gcc 3 implements dependency tracking that does exactly what
## we want. Yay! Note: for some reason libtool 1.4 doesn't like
## it if -MD -MP comes after the -MF stuff. Hmm.
## Unfortunately, FreeBSD c89 acceptance of flags depends upon
## the command line argument order; so add the flags where they
## appear in depend2.am. Note that the slowdown incurred here
## affects only configure: in makefiles, %FASTDEP% shortcuts this.
for arg
do
case $arg in
-c) set fnord "$@" -MT "$object" -MD -MP -MF "$tmpdepfile" "$arg" ;;
*) set fnord "$@" "$arg" ;;
esac
shift # fnord
shift # $arg
done
"$@"
stat=$?
if test $stat -eq 0; then :
else
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
exit $stat
fi
mv "$tmpdepfile" "$depfile"
;;
gcc)
## There are various ways to get dependency output from gcc. Here's
## why we pick this rather obscure method:
## - Don't want to use -MD because we'd like the dependencies to end
## up in a subdir. Having to rename by hand is ugly.
## (We might end up doing this anyway to support other compilers.)
## - The DEPENDENCIES_OUTPUT environment variable makes gcc act like
## -MM, not -M (despite what the docs say).
## - Using -M directly means running the compiler twice (even worse
## than renaming).
if test -z "$gccflag"; then
gccflag=-MD,
fi
"$@" -Wp,"$gccflag$tmpdepfile"
stat=$?
if test $stat -eq 0; then :
else
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
exit $stat
fi
rm -f "$depfile"
echo "$object : \\" > "$depfile"
alpha=ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
## The second -e expression handles DOS-style file names with drive letters.
sed -e 's/^[^:]*: / /' \
-e 's/^['$alpha']:\/[^:]*: / /' < "$tmpdepfile" >> "$depfile"
## This next piece of magic avoids the `deleted header file' problem.
## The problem is that when a header file which appears in a .P file
## is deleted, the dependency causes make to die (because there is
## typically no way to rebuild the header). We avoid this by adding
## dummy dependencies for each header file. Too bad gcc doesn't do
## this for us directly.
tr ' ' '
' < "$tmpdepfile" |
## Some versions of gcc put a space before the `:'. On the theory
## that the space means something, we add a space to the output as
## well.
## Some versions of the HPUX 10.20 sed can't process this invocation
## correctly. Breaking it into two sed invocations is a workaround.
sed -e 's/^\\$//' -e '/^$/d' -e '/:$/d' | sed -e 's/$/ :/' >> "$depfile"
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
;;
hp)
# This case exists only to let depend.m4 do its work. It works by
# looking at the text of this script. This case will never be run,
# since it is checked for above.
exit 1
;;
sgi)
if test "$libtool" = yes; then
"$@" "-Wp,-MDupdate,$tmpdepfile"
else
"$@" -MDupdate "$tmpdepfile"
fi
stat=$?
if test $stat -eq 0; then :
else
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
exit $stat
fi
rm -f "$depfile"
if test -f "$tmpdepfile"; then # yes, the sourcefile depend on other files
echo "$object : \\" > "$depfile"
# Clip off the initial element (the dependent). Don't try to be
# clever and replace this with sed code, as IRIX sed won't handle
# lines with more than a fixed number of characters (4096 in
# IRIX 6.2 sed, 8192 in IRIX 6.5). We also remove comment lines;
# the IRIX cc adds comments like `#:fec' to the end of the
# dependency line.
tr ' ' '
' < "$tmpdepfile" \
| sed -e 's/^.*\.o://' -e 's/#.*$//' -e '/^$/ d' | \
tr '
' ' ' >> "$depfile"
echo >> "$depfile"
# The second pass generates a dummy entry for each header file.
tr ' ' '
' < "$tmpdepfile" \
| sed -e 's/^.*\.o://' -e 's/#.*$//' -e '/^$/ d' -e 's/$/:/' \
>> "$depfile"
else
# The sourcefile does not contain any dependencies, so just
# store a dummy comment line, to avoid errors with the Makefile
# "include basename.Plo" scheme.
echo "#dummy" > "$depfile"
fi
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
;;
aix)
# The C for AIX Compiler uses -M and outputs the dependencies
# in a .u file. In older versions, this file always lives in the
# current directory. Also, the AIX compiler puts `$object:' at the
# start of each line; $object doesn't have directory information.
# Version 6 uses the directory in both cases.
dir=`echo "$object" | sed -e 's|/[^/]*$|/|'`
test "x$dir" = "x$object" && dir=
base=`echo "$object" | sed -e 's|^.*/||' -e 's/\.o$//' -e 's/\.lo$//'`
if test "$libtool" = yes; then
tmpdepfile1=$dir$base.u
tmpdepfile2=$base.u
tmpdepfile3=$dir.libs/$base.u
"$@" -Wc,-M
else
tmpdepfile1=$dir$base.u
tmpdepfile2=$dir$base.u
tmpdepfile3=$dir$base.u
"$@" -M
fi
stat=$?
if test $stat -eq 0; then :
else
rm -f "$tmpdepfile1" "$tmpdepfile2" "$tmpdepfile3"
exit $stat
fi
for tmpdepfile in "$tmpdepfile1" "$tmpdepfile2" "$tmpdepfile3"
do
test -f "$tmpdepfile" && break
done
if test -f "$tmpdepfile"; then
# Each line is of the form `foo.o: dependent.h'.
# Do two passes, one to just change these to
# `$object: dependent.h' and one to simply `dependent.h:'.
sed -e "s,^.*\.[a-z]*:,$object:," < "$tmpdepfile" > "$depfile"
# That's a tab and a space in the [].
sed -e 's,^.*\.[a-z]*:[ ]*,,' -e 's,$,:,' < "$tmpdepfile" >> "$depfile"
else
# The sourcefile does not contain any dependencies, so just
# store a dummy comment line, to avoid errors with the Makefile
# "include basename.Plo" scheme.
echo "#dummy" > "$depfile"
fi
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
;;
icc)
# Intel's C compiler understands `-MD -MF file'. However on
# icc -MD -MF foo.d -c -o sub/foo.o sub/foo.c
# ICC 7.0 will fill foo.d with something like
# foo.o: sub/foo.c
# foo.o: sub/foo.h
# which is wrong. We want:
# sub/foo.o: sub/foo.c
# sub/foo.o: sub/foo.h
# sub/foo.c:
# sub/foo.h:
# ICC 7.1 will output
# foo.o: sub/foo.c sub/foo.h
# and will wrap long lines using \ :
# foo.o: sub/foo.c ... \
# sub/foo.h ... \
# ...
"$@" -MD -MF "$tmpdepfile"
stat=$?
if test $stat -eq 0; then :
else
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
exit $stat
fi
rm -f "$depfile"
# Each line is of the form `foo.o: dependent.h',
# or `foo.o: dep1.h dep2.h \', or ` dep3.h dep4.h \'.
# Do two passes, one to just change these to
# `$object: dependent.h' and one to simply `dependent.h:'.
sed "s,^[^:]*:,$object :," < "$tmpdepfile" > "$depfile"
# Some versions of the HPUX 10.20 sed can't process this invocation
# correctly. Breaking it into two sed invocations is a workaround.
sed 's,^[^:]*: \(.*\)$,\1,;s/^\\$//;/^$/d;/:$/d' < "$tmpdepfile" |
sed -e 's/$/ :/' >> "$depfile"
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
;;
hp2)
# The "hp" stanza above does not work with aCC (C++) and HP's ia64
# compilers, which have integrated preprocessors. The correct option
# to use with these is +Maked; it writes dependencies to a file named
# 'foo.d', which lands next to the object file, wherever that
# happens to be.
# Much of this is similar to the tru64 case; see comments there.
dir=`echo "$object" | sed -e 's|/[^/]*$|/|'`
test "x$dir" = "x$object" && dir=
base=`echo "$object" | sed -e 's|^.*/||' -e 's/\.o$//' -e 's/\.lo$//'`
if test "$libtool" = yes; then
tmpdepfile1=$dir$base.d
tmpdepfile2=$dir.libs/$base.d
"$@" -Wc,+Maked
else
tmpdepfile1=$dir$base.d
tmpdepfile2=$dir$base.d
"$@" +Maked
fi
stat=$?
if test $stat -eq 0; then :
else
rm -f "$tmpdepfile1" "$tmpdepfile2"
exit $stat
fi
for tmpdepfile in "$tmpdepfile1" "$tmpdepfile2"
do
test -f "$tmpdepfile" && break
done
if test -f "$tmpdepfile"; then
sed -e "s,^.*\.[a-z]*:,$object:," "$tmpdepfile" > "$depfile"
# Add `dependent.h:' lines.
sed -ne '2,${
s/^ *//
s/ \\*$//
s/$/:/
p
}' "$tmpdepfile" >> "$depfile"
else
echo "#dummy" > "$depfile"
fi
rm -f "$tmpdepfile" "$tmpdepfile2"
;;
tru64)
# The Tru64 compiler uses -MD to generate dependencies as a side
# effect. `cc -MD -o foo.o ...' puts the dependencies into `foo.o.d'.
# At least on Alpha/Redhat 6.1, Compaq CCC V6.2-504 seems to put
# dependencies in `foo.d' instead, so we check for that too.
# Subdirectories are respected.
dir=`echo "$object" | sed -e 's|/[^/]*$|/|'`
test "x$dir" = "x$object" && dir=
base=`echo "$object" | sed -e 's|^.*/||' -e 's/\.o$//' -e 's/\.lo$//'`
if test "$libtool" = yes; then
# With Tru64 cc, shared objects can also be used to make a
# static library. This mechanism is used in libtool 1.4 series to
# handle both shared and static libraries in a single compilation.
# With libtool 1.4, dependencies were output in $dir.libs/$base.lo.d.
#
# With libtool 1.5 this exception was removed, and libtool now
# generates 2 separate objects for the 2 libraries. These two
# compilations output dependencies in $dir.libs/$base.o.d and
# in $dir$base.o.d. We have to check for both files, because
# one of the two compilations can be disabled. We should prefer
# $dir$base.o.d over $dir.libs/$base.o.d because the latter is
# automatically cleaned when .libs/ is deleted, while ignoring
# the former would cause a distcleancheck panic.
tmpdepfile1=$dir.libs/$base.lo.d # libtool 1.4
tmpdepfile2=$dir$base.o.d # libtool 1.5
tmpdepfile3=$dir.libs/$base.o.d # libtool 1.5
tmpdepfile4=$dir.libs/$base.d # Compaq CCC V6.2-504
"$@" -Wc,-MD
else
tmpdepfile1=$dir$base.o.d
tmpdepfile2=$dir$base.d
tmpdepfile3=$dir$base.d
tmpdepfile4=$dir$base.d
"$@" -MD
fi
stat=$?
if test $stat -eq 0; then :
else
rm -f "$tmpdepfile1" "$tmpdepfile2" "$tmpdepfile3" "$tmpdepfile4"
exit $stat
fi
for tmpdepfile in "$tmpdepfile1" "$tmpdepfile2" "$tmpdepfile3" "$tmpdepfile4"
do
test -f "$tmpdepfile" && break
done
if test -f "$tmpdepfile"; then
sed -e "s,^.*\.[a-z]*:,$object:," < "$tmpdepfile" > "$depfile"
# That's a tab and a space in the [].
sed -e 's,^.*\.[a-z]*:[ ]*,,' -e 's,$,:,' < "$tmpdepfile" >> "$depfile"
else
echo "#dummy" > "$depfile"
fi
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
;;
#nosideeffect)
# This comment above is used by automake to tell side-effect
# dependency tracking mechanisms from slower ones.
dashmstdout)
# Important note: in order to support this mode, a compiler *must*
# always write the preprocessed file to stdout, regardless of -o.
"$@" || exit $?
# Remove the call to Libtool.
if test "$libtool" = yes; then
while test "X$1" != 'X--mode=compile'; do
shift
done
shift
fi
# Remove `-o $object'.
IFS=" "
for arg
do
case $arg in
-o)
shift
;;
$object)
shift
;;
*)
set fnord "$@" "$arg"
shift # fnord
shift # $arg
;;
esac
done
test -z "$dashmflag" && dashmflag=-M
# Require at least two characters before searching for `:'
# in the target name. This is to cope with DOS-style filenames:
# a dependency such as `c:/foo/bar' could be seen as target `c' otherwise.
"$@" $dashmflag |
sed 's:^[ ]*[^: ][^:][^:]*\:[ ]*:'"$object"'\: :' > "$tmpdepfile"
rm -f "$depfile"
cat < "$tmpdepfile" > "$depfile"
tr ' ' '
' < "$tmpdepfile" | \
## Some versions of the HPUX 10.20 sed can't process this invocation
## correctly. Breaking it into two sed invocations is a workaround.
sed -e 's/^\\$//' -e '/^$/d' -e '/:$/d' | sed -e 's/$/ :/' >> "$depfile"
rm -f "$tmpdepfile"
;;
dashXmstdout)
# This case only exists to satisfy depend.m4. It is never actually
# run, as this mode is specially recognized in the preamble.
exit 1
;;
makedepend)
"$@" || exit $?
# Remove any Libtool call
if test "$libtool" = yes; then
while test "X$1" != 'X--mode=compile'; do
shift
done
shift
fi
# X makedepend
shift
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ngspice-24/man/Makefile.am 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000156 11712022254 016420 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ## Process this file with automake to produce Makefile.in
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ngspice-24/man/man1/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022444 015217 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/man/man1/ngsconvert.1 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000007235 11712022254 017477 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre .\" Copyright (c) 1985 Wayne A. Christopher, U. C. Berkeley CAD Group
.TH SCONVERT 1 "20 March 1986"
.UC 4
.SH NAME
sconvert \- convert spice formats
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B sconvert fromtype fromfile totype tofile
.br
.B sconvert fromtype totype
.br
.B sconvert
.br
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B Sconvert
translates spice output files among three formats: the old
binary format, a new binary format, and a new ascii format.
The formats are specified by the
.B fromtype
and
.B totype
arguments: `o' for the old format, `b' for the new binary format,
and `a' for the new ascii format.
.B Fromtype
specifies the format to be read, and
.B totype
specifies the format to be written.
If
.B fromfile
and
.B tofile
are given, then they are used as the input and output, otherwise
standard input and output are used. (Note that this second option is
only available on \s-2UNIX\s+2 systems \- on VMS and other systems you must
supply the filenames.)
If no arguments are given, the parameters are prompted for.
.PP
Binary format is the preferred format for general use, as it is
the most economical in terms of space and speed of access, and ascii is
provided to make it easy to modify data files and transfer them
between machines with different floating-point formats.
The old format is provided only
for backward compatibility. The three formats are as follows:
.br
.nf
.B Old:
What Size in Bytes
title 80
date 8
time 8
numoutputs 2
the integer 4 2
variable names --
char[numoutputs][8] numoutputs * 8
types of output numoutputs * 2
node index numoutputs * 2
plot title numoutputs * 24
the actual data numpoints * numoutputs * 8
.B Ascii:
Title: \fITitle Card String\fR
Date: \fIDate\fR
[ Plotname: \fIPlot Name\fR
Flags: \fIcomplex\fR or \fIreal\fR
No. Variables: \fInumoutputs\fR
No. Points: \fInumpoints\fR
Command: \fInutmeg command\fR
Variables: 0 \fIvarname1\fR \fItypename1\fR
1 \fIvarname2\fR \fItypename2\fR
etc...
Values:
0 n n n n ...
1 n n n n ...
And so forth...
] repeated one or more times
.PP
If one of the flags is \fIcomplex\fR, the points look like r,i where r and i
are floating point (in %e format). Otherwise they are in %e format.
Only one of \fIreal\fR and \fIcomplex\fR should appear.
.PP
The lines are guaranteed to be less than 80 columns wide (unless the
plot title or variable names are very long), so this format is safe
to mail between systems like CMS.
.PP
Any number of \fBCommand:\fR lines may appear between the \fBNo. Points:\fR
and the \fBVariables:\fR lines, and whenever the plot is loaded into
\fBnutmeg\fR they will be executed.
.nf
.B Binary:
\fITitle Card\fR (a NULL terminated string)
\fIDate, Time\fR (a NULL terminated string)
[
\fIPlot title\fR (a NULL terminated string)
\fINumber of variables\fR (an int)
\fINumber of data points\fR (an int)
\fIflags\fR (a short)
\fIvariable header struct\fR (repeated numoutputs times)
\fIvariable name\fR (a NULL terminated string)
\fIvariable type\fR (an int)
\fIset of outputs\fR (repeated numpoints times)
] repeated one or more times.
.PP
A set of outputs is a vector of doubles of length numoutputs, or
a vector of real-imaginary pairs of doubles if the data is complex.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
nutmeg(1), spice(1), writedata(3)
.SH AUTHOR
Wayne Christopher (faustus@cad.berkeley.edu)
.SH BUGS
If variable names and the title
and plotname strings have trailing
blanks in them they will be stripped off when the file is read, if
it is in ascii format.
.PP
If a plot title begins with "Title:" \fBnutmeg\fR will be fooled into thinking
that this is an ascii format file. \fBSconvert\fR always requires the
type to be specified, however.
ngspice-24/man/man1/ngspice.1 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000011131 11712022254 016725 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre .\" Copyright (c) 1985 Wayne A. Christopher, U. C. Berkeley CAD Group
.ig
(woman-find-file buffer-file-name)
(let* ((man-args (concat "-l " buffer-file-name))
(bufname (concat "*Man " man-args "*")))
(when (get-buffer bufname)
(kill-buffer bufname))
(man man-args))
(compile (concat "groff -t -e -man -Tps "
buffer-file-name
" > /tmp/tmp.ps && gv /tmp/tmp.ps"))
..
.TH NGSPICE 1 "6 June 2010"
.ds = \-\^\-
.ds ngspice \s-2NGSPICE\s+2
.SH "NAME"
ngspice \- circuit simulator derived from \*[spice]\&3f5
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
\fBngspice\fP [\fIoptions\fP] [\fIfile\fP ...]
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
This man page is just a small overview.
The primary documentation of ngspice is in the \*[ngspice] User's Manual,
which is available as a pdf file.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.TP
\fB\-n\fP or \fB\*=no\-spiceinit\fP
Don't try to source the file ".spiceinit" upon startup. Normally \*[ngspice]
tries to find the file in the current directory, and if it is not found then
in the user's home directory.
.TP
\fB\-q\fP or \fB\*=completion\fP
Enable command completion. (defect)
.TP
\fB\-t\fP \fIterm\fP or \fB\*=term=\fP\fIterm\fP
The program is being run on a terminal with \fBmfb\fP name \fIterm\fP.
.TP
\fB\-b\fP or \fB\*=batch\fP
Run in batch mode. \*[ngspice] will read the standard input or the specified
input file and do the simulation. Note that if the standard input
is not a terminal, \*[ngspice] will default to batch mode, unless the
\-i flag is given.
.TP
\fB\-s\fP or \fB\*=server\fP
Run in server mode. This is like batch mode, except that a temporary
rawfile is used and then written to the standard output, preceded by
a line with a single "@", after the simulation is done. This mode
is used by the ngspice daemon.
.TP
\fB\-i\fP or \fB\*=interactive\fP
Run in interactive mode. This is useful if the standard input is
not a terminal but interactive mode is desired. Command completion is
not available unless the standard input is a terminal, however.
.TP
\fB\-r\fP \fIrawfile\fP or \fB\*=rawfile=\fP\fIfile\fP
Use \fIrawfile\fP as the default file into which the results of
the simulation are saved.
.TP
\fB\-c\fP \fIcircuitfile\fP or \fB\*=circuitfile=\fP\fIcircuitfile\fP
Use \fIcircuitfile\fP as the default input deck.
.TP
\fB\-h\fP or \fB\*=help\fP
Display a verbose help on the arguments available to the program.
.TP
\fB\-v\fP or \fB\*=version\fP
Display a version number and copyright information of the program.
.TP
\fB\-a\fP or \fB\*=autorun\fP
FIXME
.TP
\fB\-o\fP \fIoutfile\fP or \fB\*=output=\fP\fIoutfile\fP
All logs generated during a batch run (\fB\-b\fP) will be saved in \fIoutfile\fP.
.TP
\fB\-p\fP or \fB\*=pipe\fP
Allow a program (e.g., xcircuit) to act as a GUI frontend for
ngspice through a pipe. Thus ngspice will assume that the pipe
is a tty and allows one to run in interactive mode.
.PP
Further arguments are taken to be \*[spice] input decks, which are read
and saved. (If batch mode is requested then they are run immediately.)
.SH "ENVIRONMENT"
.TP
\fBSPICE_LIB_DIR\fP
.TP
\fBSPICE_EXEC_DIR\fP
.TP
\fBSPICE_HOST\fP
.TP
\fBSPICE_BUGADDR\fP
.TP
\fBSPICE_EDITOR\fP
.TP
\fBSPICE_ASCIIRAWFILE\fP default \fI0\fP
Format of the rawfile. \fI0\fP for binary, and \fI1\fP for ascii.
.TP
\fBSPICE_NEWS\fP default \fI$SPICE_LIB_DIR/news\fP
A file which is copied verbatim to stdout when ngspice starts in interactive mode.
.TP
\fBSPICE_MFBCAP\fP default \fI$SPICE_LIB_DIR/mfbcap\fP
.TP
\fBSPICE_HELP_DIR\fP default \fI$SPICE_LIB_DIR/helpdir\fP
.TP
\fBSPICE_SCRIPTS\fP default \fI$SPICE_LIB_DIR/scripts\fP
In this directory the \fIspinit\fP file will be searched.
.TP
\fBSPICE_PATH\fP default \fI$SPICE_EXEC_DIR/ngspice\fP
.PP
various undocumented ngspice centric environment variables :
.TP
\fBNGSPICE_MEAS_PRECISION\fP
.TP
\fBSPICE_NO_DATASEG_CHECK\fP
.PP
Common environment variables :
.TP
\fBTERM\fP \fBLINES\fP \fBCOLS\fP \fBDISPLAY\fP \fBHOME\fP \fBPATH\fP \fBEDITOR\fP \fBSHELL\fP
.TP
\fBPOSIXLY_CORRECT\fP
.SH "FILES"
.TP
\fI$SPICE_LIB_DIR/scripts/spinit\fP
The System's Initialisation File.
.TP
\fI\&.spiceinit\fP or \fI$HOME/.spiceinit\fP
The User's Initialisation File.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
sconvert(1), ngnutmeg(1), mfb(3), writedata(3), and
.br
\*[ngspice] User's Manual at \fBhttp://ngspice.sourceforge.net/docs.html\fP
.SH "BUGS"
Please report bugs to the ngspice project via
.br
\fBhttp://ngspice.sourceforge.net/bugrep.html\fP
.SH "AUTHORS"
\fBspice3\fP: Tom Quarles (quarles@cad.berkeley.edu)
.br
\fBnutmeg\fP: User interface: Wayne Christopher (faustus@cad.berkeley.edu)
.br
\fBngspice\fP: various authors (see \fBhttp://sourceforge.net/projects/ngspice/\fP)
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ngspice-24/man/man1/ngmultidec.1 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000005126 11712022254 017437 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre .TH NGMULTIDEC 1 ngpice
.SH NAME
ngmultidec \- make ngpice sub-circuit for coupled transmission lines
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B ngmultidec
[
.IR options ...
]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I ngmultidec
writes an ngspice input file to standard output which describes a sub-circuit for coupled lines
using uncoupled simple lossy lines.
.LP
Each generated subcircuit models a 4-conductor transmission line with
the following parameters: length
.IR l ,
line capacitance
.IR c ,
line resistance
.IR r ,
line conductance
.IR g ,
inductive_coeff_of_coupling
.IR k ,
inter-line capacitance
.IR cm ,
length
.IR l .
Derived parameters are:
.IR lm ,
.IR ctot .
The values of
.IR l ,
.IR c ,
the model name, the number of conductors and the length of the line
must be specified.
.LP
It is important to note that the model is a simplified one - the
following assumptions are made: 1. The self-inductance l, the
self-capacitance ctot (note: not c), the series resistance r and the
parallel capacitance g are the same for all lines, and 2. Each line
is coupled only to the two lines adjacent to it, with the same
coupling parameters cm and lm. The first assumption implies that edge
effects have to be neglected. The utility of these assumptions is
that they make the sL+R and sC+G matrices symmetric, tridiagonal and
Toeplitz, with useful consequences (see the paper referenced below).
.LP
It may be noted that a symmetric two-conductor line is
represented accurately by this model.
.LP
Standard C language scientific (exponent) notation may be used for options' numeric values.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.BI \-o "subcircuit_name"
Set the subcircuit name
.TP
.BI \-l "line_inductance"
Set the line inductance.
.TP
.BI \-c "line_capacitance"
Set the line capacitance.
.TP
.BI \-r "line_resistance"
Set the line resistance.
.TP
.BI \-g "line_conductance"
Set the line conductance.
.TP
.BI \-k "inductive_coefficient_of_coupling"
Set the value of the inductive coefficient of coupling, whose
absolute value
.I k
must be less than 1.0.
.TP
.BI \-x "line-to-line-capacitance"
Set the line-to-line capacitance.
.TP
.BI \-L "length"
Set the length of the line.
.TP
.BI \-n "number"
Set the number of conductors.
.TP
.B \-u
Write a usage message to standard error.
.SH EXAMPLE
.RS
.B "ngmultidec -n4 -l9e9 -c20e-12 -r5.3 -x5e12 -k0.7 -otest -L5.4 > test.cir
.RE
.SH SEE ALSO
.nf
.IR "Efficient Transient Simulation of Lossy Interconnect" ,
J.S. Roychowdhury and D.O. Pederson,
Proceedings of the Design Automation Conference,
pp. 740-745.
1991.
.B http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=127601.127762
.fi
.sp
.IR ngnutmeg (1),
.IR ngproc2mod (1),
.IR ngsconvert (1),
.IR ngspice (1),
.IR nghelp (1).
ngspice-24/man/man1/ngnutmeg.1 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000005124 11712022254 017126 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre .\" Copyright (c) 1985 Wayne A. Christopher, U. C. Berkeley CAD Group
.ig
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(when (get-buffer bufname)
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..
.TH NGNUTMEG 1 "6 June 2010"
.ds = \-\^\-
.ds ngspice \s-2NGSPICE\s+2
.SH "NAME"
ngnutmeg \- ngspice post-processor
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
\fBngnutmeg\fP [\fIoptions\fP] [\fIdatafile\fP ...]
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
This man page is just a small overview.
The primary documentation of ngspice is in the \*[ngspice] User's Manual,
which is available as a pdf file.
.br
\fBngnutmeg\fP is a post processor for \*[ngspice] \- it takes
the raw output file created by \fBngspice \-r\fP
and plots the data on a graphics terminal or a workstation display.
Note that the raw output file is different from the
data that \*[ngspice] writes to the standard output.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.TP
\fB\-\fP
.br
Don't try to load the default data file ("rawspice") if no other files
are given.
.TP
\fB\-n\fP or \fB\*=no\-spiceinit\fP
Don't try to source the file ".spiceinit" upon startup. Normally \fBngnutmeg\fP
tries to find the file in the current directory, and if it is not found then
in the user's home directory.
.TP
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Enable command completion. (defect)
.TP
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The program is being run on a terminal with \fBmfb\fP name \fIterm\fP.
.TP
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Display a verbose help on the arguments available to the program.
.TP
\fB\-v\fP or \fB\*=version\fP
Display a version number and copyright information of the program.
.PP
Further arguments are taken to be data files in binary or ascii format
(see \fBsconvert\fP(1)) which are loaded into ngnutmeg. If the file
is in binary format, it may be only partially completed (useful for
examining \*[ngspice] output before the simulation is finished). One
file may contain any number of data sets from different analyses.
.SH "ENVIRONMENT"
See ngspice(1)
.SH "FILES"
See ngspice(1)
.SH "SEE ALSO"
sconvert(1), ngspice(1), mfb(3), writedata(3), and
.br
\*[ngspice] User's Manual at \fBhttp://ngspice.sourceforge.net/docs.html\fP
.SH "BUGS"
Please report bugs to the ngspice project via
.br
\fBhttp://ngspice.sourceforge.net/bugrep.html\fP
.SH "AUTHOR"
Wayne Christopher (faustus@cad.berkeley.edu)
.br
\fBngspice\fP: various authors (see \fBhttp://sourceforge.net/projects/ngspice/\fP)
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ngspice-24/DEVICES 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000047773 11712022254 014636 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre DEVICES
=======
Table of contents
1. Introduction
2. Linear Devices
2.1 CAP - Linear capacitor
2.2 IND - Linear inductor
2.3 RES - Linear resistor
3. Distributed Elements
3.1 CPL - Simple Coupled Multiconductor Lines (Kspice)
3.2 LTRA - Lossy Transmission line
3.3 TRA - Transmission line
3.4 TXL - Simple Lossy Transmission Line (Kspice)
3.5 URC - Uniform distributed RC line
4. Voltage and current sources
4.1 ASRC - Arbitrary Source
4.2 CCCS - Current Controlled Current Source
4.3 CCVS - Current Controlled Voltage Source
4.4 ISRC - Independent Current Source
4.5 VCCS - Voltage Controlled Current Source
4.6 VCVS - Voltage Controlled Voltage Source
4.7 VSRC - Independent Voltage Source
5. Switches
5.1 CSW - Current controlled switch
5.2 SW - Voltage controlled switch
6. Diodes
6.1 DIO - Junction Diode
7. Bipolar devices
7.1 BJT - Bipolar Junction Transistor
7.2 BJT2 - Bipolar Junction Transistor
7.3 VBIC - Bipolar Junction Transistor
8. FET devices
8.1 JFET - Junction Field Effect transistor
9. HFET Devices
9.1 HFET1 - Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor Level 1
9.2 HFET2 - Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor Level 2
10. MES devices
10.1 MES - MESFET model
10.2 MESA - MESFET model (MacSpice3f4)
11. MOS devices
11.1 MOS1 - Level 1 MOS model
11.2 MOS2 - Level 2 MOS model
11.3 MOS3 - Level 3 MOS model
11.4 MOS6 - Level 6 MOS model
11.5 MOS9 - Level 9 MOS model
11.6 BSIM1 - BSIM model level 1
11.7 BSIM2 - BSIM model level 2
11.8 BSIM3 - BSIM model level 3 vers. 0
11.9 BSIM3 - BSIM model level 3 vers. 1
11.10 BSIM3 - BSIM model level 3 vers. 2
11.11 BSIM3 - BSIM model level 3 vers. 3
11.12 BSIM4 - BSIM model level 4
11.13 HiSIM2 - Hiroshima-University STARC IGFET Model
11.14 HiSIM_HV - Hiroshima-University STARC IGFET High Voltage Model
12. SOI devices
12.1 BSIM3SOI_FD - SOI model (fully depleted devices)
12.2 BSIM3SOI_DD - SOI Model (dynamic depletion model)
12.3 BSIM3SOI_PD - SOI model (partially depleted devices)
12.4 BSIMSOI - SOI model (partially/full depleted devices)
12.5 SOI3 - STAG SOI3 Model
13. Verilog-A models
13.1 EKV MOS model
13.2 PSP MOS model
13.3 HICUM0 Bipolar Model
13.4 HICUM2 Bipolar Model
13.5 Mextram Bipolar Model
------------------
1. Introduction
This file contains the status of devices available in ngspice. This file
will be updated every time the device specific code is altered or changed to reflect the current status of this important part of the simulator
2. Linear Devices
2.1 CAP - Linear capacitor
Ver: N/A
Class: C
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/cap
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
- Preliminary technology scaling support
- Model capacitance
- Cj calculation based on relative dielectric constant
and insulator thickness
2.2 IND - Linear Inductor
Ver: N/A
Class: L
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/ind
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
- Preliminary technology scaling support
- Model inductance
- Inductance calculation for toroids or solenoids
on the model line.
2.3 RES - Linear resistor
Ver: N/A
Class: R
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/res
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- Different value for ac analysis
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
- Noiseless resistor
- Flicker noise
- Preliminary technology scaling support
3. Distributed elements
3.1 CPL - Simple Coupled Multiconductor Lines (Kspice)
Ver: N/A
Class: P
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/cpl
Status:
This model comes from swec and kspice. It is not documented, if
you have kspice docs, can you write a short description
of its use ?
- Does not implement parallel code switches
- Probably a lot of memory leaks
Enhancements over the original model:
- Better integrated into ngspice adding CPLask, CPLmAsk and
CPLunsetup functions
3.2 LTRA - Lossy Transmission line
Ver: N/A
Class: O
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/ltra
Status:
- Original spice model.
- Does not implement parallel code switches.
3.3 TRA - Transmission line
Ver: N/A
Class: T
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/tra
Status:
- Original spice model.
- Does not implement parallel code switches.
3.4 TXL - Simple Lossy Transmission Line (Kspice)
Ver: N/A
Class: Y
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/txl
Status:
This model comes from kspice. It is not documented, if
you have kspice docs, can you write a short description
of its use ?
There is some code left out from compilation:
TXLaccept and TXLfindBr. Any ideas ?
- Does not implement parallel code switches
3.5 URC - Uniform distributed RC line
Ver: N/A
Class: U
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/urc
Status:
- Original spice model.
- Does not implement parallel code switches.
4. Voltage and current sources
4.1 ASRC - Arbitrary Source
Ver: N/A
Class: B
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/asrc
Status:
The arbitrary source code has been corrected with the patch
available on the Internet. There is still an issue to fix, the
current of current-controlled generators.
4.2 CCCS - Current Controlled Current Source
Ver: N/A
Class: F
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/cccs
Status:
- Original spice model.
4.3 CCVS - Current Controlled Voltage Source
Ver: N/A
Class: H
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/ccvs
Status:
- Original spice model.
4.4 ISRC - Independent Current Source
Ver: N/A
Class: I
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/isrc
Status:
This is the original spice device improved by Alan Gillespie
with the following features:
- Source ramping
- Check for non-monotonic series in PWL
4.5 VCCS - Voltage Controlled Current Source
Ver: N/A
Class: G
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/vccs
Status:
- Original spice model.
4.6 VCVS - Voltage Controlled Voltage Source
Ver: N/A
Class: E
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/vcvs
Status:
- Original spice model.
4.7 VSRC - Independent Voltage Source
Ver: N/A
Class: V
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/vsrc
Status:
This is the original spice device improved by Alan Gillespie
with the following features:
- Source ramping
- Check for non-monotonic series in PWL
5. Switches
5.1 CSW - Current controlled switch
Ver: N/A
Class: W
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/csw
Status:
- This model comes from Jon Engelbert.
5.2 SW - Voltage controlled switch
Ver: N/A
Class: S
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/sw
Status:
- This model comes from Jon Engelbert.
6. Diodes
6.1 DIO - Junction Diode
Ver: N/A
Class: D
Level: 1 (and only)
Dir: devices/dio
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
- Forward and reverse knee currents
- Periphery (sidewall) effects
- Temperature correction of some parameters
7. Bipolar devices
7.1 BJT - Bipolar Junction Transistor
Ver: N/A
Class: Q
Level: 1
Dir: devices/bjt
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
- Different area parameters for collector, base and emitter
7.2 BJT2 - Bipolar Junction Transistor
Ver: N/A
Class: Q
Level: 2
Dir: devices/bjt2
Status:
This is the BJT model written by Alan Gillespie to support lateral
devices. The model has been hacked by Dietmar Warning fixing some bugs
and adding some features (temp. dependency on resistors).
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- Temperature dependency on rc,rb,re
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
- Different area parameters for collector, base and emitter
7.3 VBIC - Bipolar Junction Transistor
Ver: N/A
Class: Q
Level: 4 & 9
Dir: devices/vbic
Status:
This is the Vertical Bipolar InterCompany model in version 1.2. The author
of VBIC is Colin McAndrew mcandrew@ieee.org.
Spice3 Implementation: Dietmar Warning DAnalyse GmbH
Web Site: http://www.designers-guide.com/VBIC/index.html
Notes: This is the 4 terminals model, without excess phase and thermal
network.
8. FET devices
8.1 JFET - Junction Field Effect transistor
Ver: N/A
Class: J
Level: 1
Dir: devices/jfet
Status:
This is the original spice JFET model.
Enhancements over the original model:
- Alan Gillespie's modified diode model
- Parallel multiplier
- Instance temperature as difference for circuit temperature
8.2 JFET2 - Junction Field Effect Transistor (PS model)
Ver: N/A
Class: J
Level: 2
Dir: devices/jfet2
Status:
This is the Parker Skellern model for MESFETs.
Web Site: http://www.elec.mq.edu.au/cnerf/psmodel.htm
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Instance temperature as difference for circuit temperature
9. HFET Devices
Added code from macspice3f4 HFET1&2 and MESA model
Original note:
Added device calls for Mesfet models and HFET models
provided by Trond Ytterdal as of Nov 98
9.1 HFET1 - Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor Level 1
Ver: N/A
Class: Z
Level: 5
Dir: devices/hfet1
Status:
This is the Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor model from:
K. Lee, M. Shur, T. A. Fjeldly and T. Ytterdal
"Semiconductor Device Modeling in VLSI",
1993, Prentice Hall, New Jersey
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Instance temperature as difference for circuit temperature
- Added pole-zero analysis
9.2 HFET2 - Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor Level 2
Ver: N/A
Class: Z
Level: 6
Dir: devices/hfet2
Status:
Simplified version of hfet1
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Instance temperature as difference for circuit temperature
- Added pole-zero analysis
10. MES devices
10.1 MES - MESFET model
Ver: N/A
Class: Z
Level: 1
Dir: devices/mes
Status:
This is the original spice3 MESFET model (Statz).
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Alan Gillespie junction diodes implementation
Added code from macspice3f4 HFET1&2 and MESA model
Original note:
Added device calls for Mesfet models and HFET models
provided by Trond Ytterdal as of Nov 98
10.2 MESA - MESFET model (MacSpice3f4)
Ver: N/A
Class: Z
Level: 2,3,4
Dir: devices/mesa
Status:
This is a multilevel model. It contains code for mesa levels
2,3 and 4
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Instance temperature as difference from circuit temperature
- Added pole-zero analysis
11. MOS devices
11.1 MOS1 - Level 1 MOS model
Ver: N/A
Class: M
Level: 1
Dir: devices/mos1
Status:
This is the so-called Schichman-Hodges model.
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
11.2 MOS2 - Level 2 MOS model
Ver: N/A
Class: M
Level: 2
Dir: devices/mos2
Status:
This is the so-called Grove-Frohman model.
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
11.3 MOS3 - Level 3 MOS model
Ver: N/A
Class: M
Level: 3
Dir: devices/mos3
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
11.4 MOS6 - Level 6 MOS model
Ver: N/A
Class: M
Level: 6
Dir: devices/mos6
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
11.5 MOS9 - Level 9 MOS model
Ver: N/A
Class: M
Level: 9
Dir: devices/mos9
Status:
This is a slightly modified Level 3 MOSFET model.
(Whatever the implementer have had in mind.)
Not to confuse with Philips level 9.
Enhancements over the original model:
- Temperature difference from circuit temperature
11.6 BSIM1 - BSIM model level 1
Ver: N/A
Class: M
Level: 4
Dir: devices/bsim1
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Noise analysis
BUGS:
Distortion analysis probably does not
work with "parallel" devices. Equations
are too intricate to deal with. Any one
has ideas on the subject ?
11.7 BSIM2 - BSIM model level 2
Ver: N/A
Class: M
Level: 5
Dir: devices/bsim2
Status:
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel multiplier
- Noise analysis
11.8 BSIM3v0 - BSIM model level 3
Ver: 3.0
Class: M
Level: 8 & 49, version = 3.0
Dir: devices/bsim3v0
Status: TO BE TESTED AND IMPROVED
11.9 BSIM3v1 - BSIM model level 3
Ver: 3.1
Class: M
Level: 8 & 49, version = 3.1
Dir: devices/bsim3v1
Status: TO BE TESTED AND IMPROVED
This is the BSIM3v3.1 model modified by Serban Popescu.
This is level 49 model. It is an implementation that supports
"HDIF" and "M" parameters.
11.10 BSIM3 - BSIM model level 3
Ver: 3.2.4
Class: M
Level: 8 & 49, version = 3.2.2, 3.2.3, 3.2.4
Dir: devices/bsim3v32 (level 3.2.4)
Status: o.k.
This is another BSIM3 model from Berkeley Device Group.
You can find some test netlists with results for this model
on its web site.
Web site: http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsim3
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- delvto, mulu0 instance parameter
- ACM Area Calculation Method
- Multirevision code (supports all 3v3.2 minor revisions)
- NodesetFix
11.11 BSIM3 - BSIM model level 3
Ver: 3.3.0
Class: M
Level: 8 & 49, version = 3.3.0
Dir: devices/bsim3 (level 3.3.0)
Status: o.k.
This is the actual BSIM3 model from Berkeley Device Group.
You can find some test netlists with results for this model
on its web site.
Web site: http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsim3
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- ACM Area Calculation Method
- Multirevision code (supports all 3v3.2 minor revisions)
- NodesetFix
- Support for Multi-core processors using OpenMP
11.12 BSIM4 - BSIM model level 4
Ver: 4.2.0 - 4.6.5
Class: M
Level: 14 & 54, version = 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6
Dir: devices/bsim4 (level 4.6.5)
Status: o.k.
This is the actual BSIM4 model from Berkeley Device Group.
Test are available on its web site.
Web site: http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsim3/bsim4.html
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- NodesetFix
- Support for Multi-core processors using OpenMP
11.13 HiSIM2 - Hiroshima-university STARC IGFET Model
Ver: 2.5.1
Class: M
Level: 61
Dir: devices/hisim2
Status: TO BE TESTED.
This is the HiSIM2 model available from Hiroshima University
(Ultra-Small Device Engineering Laboratory)
Web site: http://home.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/usdl/HiSIM.html
Enhancements over the original model:
- NodesetFix
11.14 HiSIM_HV - Hiroshima-University STARC IGFET High Voltage Model
Ver: 1.2.2
Class: M
Level: 62
Dir: devices/hisimhv
Status: TO BE TESTED.
This is the HiSIM_HV model available from Hiroshima University
(Ultra-Small Device Engineering Laboratory)
Web site: http://home.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/usdl/HiSIM.html
12. SOI devices
12.1 BSIM3SOI_FD - SOI model (fully depleted devices)
Ver: 2.1
Class: M
Level: 55
Dir: devices/bsim3soi_fd
Status: TO BE TESTED.
FD model has been integrated.
There is a bsim3soifd directory under the test
hierarchy. Test circuits come from the bsim3soi
Web site at: http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsimsoi
12.2 BSIM3SOI_DD - SOI Model (dynamic depletion model)
Ver: 2.1
Class: M
Level: 56
Dir: devices/bsim3soi_dd
Status: TO BE TESTED.
There is a bsim3soidd directory under the
test hierarchy. Test circuits come from bsim3soi
Web site at: http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsimsoi
12.3 BSIM3SOI_PD - SOI model (partially depleted devices)
Ver: 2.2.1
Class: M
Level: 57
Dir: devices/bsim3soi_pd
Status: TO BE TESTED.
PD model has been integrated. There is a bsim3soipd directory
under the test hierarchy. Test circuits come from the bsim3soi
Web site at: http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsimsoi
12.4 BSIMSOI - Berkeley SOI model (partially/full depleted devices)
Ver: 4.3.1
Class: M
Level: 10 & 58
Dir: devices/bsim3soi
Status: o.k.
This is the actual version from Berkeley. This version is
backward compatible with its previous versions BSIMSOI3.x.
Usable for partially/full depleted devices.
Web site at: http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsimsoi
Enhancements over the original model:
- Parallel Multiplier
- Support for Multi-core processors using OpenMP
12.5 SOI3 - STAG SOI3 Model
Ver: 2.6
Class: M
Level: 61
Dir: devices/soi3
Status: OBSOLETE
13. Verilog-A models
Configuring ngspice with ADMS (see Readme.adms) following
devices are available:
13.1 EKV MOS Model
Ver: 2.6
Level: 44
Dir: devices/adms/ekv
Status: TO BE TESTED
EKV version based on a contribution of Ivan Riis Nielsen 11/2006
Web site at: http://legwww.epfl.ch/ekv/
(but EPFL is not publishing any usefull code)
13.2 PSP MOS Model
Ver: 102.1
Level: 45
Dir: devices/adms/psp102
Status: TO BE TESTED
Philips SimKit 2.5.
13.3 HICUM0 Bipolar Model
Ver: Level_0 Version_1.12
Level: 7
Dir: devices/adms/hicum0
Status: TO BE TESTED
A simplified version of HICUM Level2 model for BJT
Web site at: http://www.iee.et.tu-dresden.de/iee/eb/hic_new
13.4 HICUM2 Bipolar Model
Ver: Level_2 Version_2.22
Level: 8
Dir: devices/adms/hicum2
Status: TO BE TESTED
Web site at: http://www.iee.et.tu-dresden.de/iee/eb/hic_new/hic_start.html
13.5 Mextram Bipolar Model
Ver: 504.6.1
Level: 6
Dir: devices/adms/mextram
Status: TO BE TESTED
Web site at: http://mextram.ewi.tudelft.nl/ and http://mextram.sourceforge.net/
ngspice-24/NEWS 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000044374 11712022254 014322 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre Ngspice-24, Jan 29th, 2012
============
- New features:
+ .csparam allows to tranfer a param into a vector in .control ... .endc
+ functions floor and ceil
+ syntax Gxxx n1 n2 TABLE {expression} = (x0, y0) (x1, y1) (x2, y2)
+ syntax Gxxx n1 n2 value={equation} or Exxx n1 n2 value={equation}
+ variable strict_errorhandling to exit ngspice with exit code 1
if any error occurs during circuit parsing
+ command altermod allows reading from file
+ command "devhelp" to show available devices and describe device parameters
+ command "inventory" to print the number of istances of each device.
+ function cph(vec) delivers phase from a vector without jumps at +-PI
+ enable 64 bit compilation in MS Visual Studio
+ --adms3 flag to compile with (experimental) adms code
+ still very experimental pss code
+ command 'remcirc' to remove a circuit from the list
+ command 'wrdata' aknowledges appendwrite and prints complex variables
+ allow comment lines inside of command files
+ path variable NGSPICE_INPUT
+ 'Filesource' code model
- Bug fixes:
+ More on prototypes, type casts, reordering of functions, compiler warnings
+ fix a numerical problem in the hisim2 an hisimhv models
+ plot i(vdd) from a loaded rawfile
+ fix the guard for device generated internal nodes (via CKTmkVolt())
+ reduce memory leaks for command 'reset'
+ parameter processing for nested .subckt
+ bsim4/b4noi.c: correct init the correlated noise slot in noiseDens and lnNdens vector
+ Many small bugs
Ngspice-23, June 5th, 2011
============
- New features:
+ Reduction of trtol to 1 only if 'A' devices in the circuit and xspice is enabled
+ command wrs2p to write a s-parameter file using Touchstone vers. 1 format
+ d_source d_state d_ram, test cases for those xspice codemodels
+ transient noise simulation added to independent voltage and current sources
+ Random telegraph noise added to independent voltage and current sources
+ 'time = nnn' in stop command added
+ random voltage generator option trrandom to independent voltage and current sources
+ ngspice build possible in a separate directory (e.g. in ng-spice-rework/release)
+ update FIND .. WHEN measurements
+ diode & bjt temperature model update with tlev and tlevc
+ merge bsim3v1a code with bsim3v0 and bsim3v1s code with bsim3v1
+ bjt2: removed - all GP extensions of this model are now in the bjt model
+ HiSIM_HV model vers. 1.2.1 added
+ bsim3v32: delvto and mulu0 as instance parameters
+ Replace HiSIM1 by HiSIM_2.5.1_Release_20110407
- Bug fixes:
+ More on prototypes, type casts, reordering of functions, compiler warnings
+ allow models like 2N2904 or 2SK136 also in subcircuits
+ fix sensitvity calculation (for the dc-2+.cir testcase)
+ allow multiple call to setup w/ correct node collapsing
+ Many small bugs
Ngspice-22, Sept 26th, 2010
============
- New features:
+ OpenMP multicore support for BSIM3, BSIM4, and BSIMSOI4
+ reinstate {$var} expansion in interactive interpreter
+ .TITLE line added
+ update to 'spectrum' script
+ par('expression') in .four, .plot, .print, .meas, .save commands
+ command 'option' for use in spinit, .spiceinit, and in scripts
+ adms procedure updated
+ new random number generator, random functions sunif() and sgauss()
+ ngspice manual updated
- Bug fixes:
+ Major code cleanup to reduce compiler/linker warnings: ansi function prototypes,
void/char pointers to named pointers, explicit type casts and many more
+ Many small bugs
Ng-spice-rework-21, Jun3, 13th 2010
============
- Updated Devices: BSIMSOI 4.3.1
- New features:
+ Compatibility: C, L, R, devices and E, G sources with expressions
Variables HERTZ, TIME, TEMPER added
+ E, G sources with pwl function
+ New manual
+ Plotting with Gnuplot,
+ Writing wrdata for simple text table to file
+ .measure improved
+ transmission line models improved
- Bug fixes:
+ Many small bugs, memory leaks, memory overflows
Ng-spice-rework-20, November, 16th 2009
============
Ngspice release 20 is the second release of the simulator in 2009.
- Fixes: model names starting with a number (1n4001) are now correctly parsed.
The .global command has been reinstated (it was previously disabled) and
error messages now display the corresponding line numberin the input deck.
- New Features: .measure command for transient, ac and dc analyses (still not
complete, e.g. DERIV is missing).
- Devices: Updated BISM4 model to revision 4.6.5. Added PWL (PieceWise Linear)
functionality for B (arbitrary generator) sources.
Ng-spice-rework-19, April, 23rd 2009
============
Ngspice release 19 came early after release 18. It reveals an important work
in compile scripts, many bug fixes in memory management, interface, and work in device models.
- Compile scripts: tclspice and ADMS compiling fixes. Architecture compiling
fixes for SunOS, MS Visual Studio, MINGW, Cygwin.
- Memory management: fixed memory leaks, modifies memory management for
MS Windows, integration of espice bugfixes and enhancements, bug fixes in
plots and cli interface.
- Rework of BSim models, integration of EPFL-EKV model V2.63, ADMS models
mextram, hicum0, hicum2.
Ng-spice-rework-18
============
Rework-18 is introduces several new features into ngspice. This is a major
release that comes after more than three years. During the silent years
ngspice developers worked in CVS to stabilize and introduce new features
into the simulator.
- Tclspice simulator library has been merged with ngspice. Now you can
compile ngapice or tclspice by asserting a configure switch. See README.tcl
- New options have been introduced: brief, listing, autostop and scale
- Support for .lib file has been introduced. This allows the use of
third party model libraries in ngspice.
- .measure statements: avg, integ, rms, max, min, delay, param
- .global statements t support for global nodes whose name is not expanded
when flattening the netlist.
- .func macros for inlining functions into netlists.
- Improved the numparam library to support fully parametrized netlists.
- BSIM model binning.
- new multi-input gate VCVS using XSPICE extensions.
Ng-spice-rework-17
============
This is a bug fix release. Previous release tarball did not included
an include file necessary for compiling numparam library.
Ng-spice-rework-16
============
Rework-16 comes out after almost one year of CVS development (from
15-fixedRC3). This release improves ngspice in three ways:
- Bug fixing: most of the bugs that affected rework-15 have been fixed,
thus ngspice is more stable, especially the xspice extension, the
subcircuit (X devices) handling and the numparam library.
- New features: netlist syntax has been expandend allowing for end-of-line
comments. A ".global" card has beed added to define global nodes, i.e.
nodes that are not expanded in subcircuits. It is possible to define TC
for resistors on the instance line. The editline library can be used
instead of readline (no more GPL license violation).
- Porting: ngspice now works (with xspice extension) on Windows using
MINGW/MSYS.
Ng-spice-rework-15
============
Rework-15 release is a giant leap forward for ngspice. It incorporates
many (read most) of the improvements implemented in tclspice during the
two years long "sleep" of ngspice and adds many others. The incomplete
list of new features incorporated are:
- Xspice simulator (with codemodel dynamic loading support):
a mixed signal simulator built upon spice3.
- Cider simulator:
a mixed level simulator built upon spice3.
- Numparam library:
a library that allows for parameter substitution at netlist level.
- Improved models:
Diode model includes periphery effects and high level of injection effects,
BJT and BJT2 enhanced.
BSIM3 now includes ACM.
BSIM4 implementation corrected.
-New models:
VBIC (3 Terminals, no excess phase and thermal network),
HiSIM.
- Frontend leaks closed.
Now frontend works as it should.
- Many new example file.
- Xgraph plotting program included.
Ng-spice-rework-14
============
This is a major release in terms of bug-fixes. Some enhancements
have been included: BSIM4 model and support for EKV model. The
source code for the latter must be obtained from EKV web site
(see DEVICE for more info). To enable EKV support you have
to obtain the code first and then use the configure switch
"--enable-ekv".
The spice code contains an option to debug frontend code, now
this is available in configure as "--enable-ftedebug".
Ng-spice-rework-13
============
This is a major release in terms of fixes and enhancements.
A garbage collector support has been added. If the configuration
script detects that you have installed GC (Bohem-Weiser conservative
garbage collector), it will use it. Some memory leaks have been
fixed too.
Enhancements to the code comes from Alan's contribute code, a
description of improvements follows (extracted form Alan's mail):
Output File Format Changes -
(NOTE: Do not rely on this, we may revert to the old format
in the next release).
Text mode .OP results even though "rawfile" written.
Internal device nodes are not saved to "rawfile" (reduces
file size). Optionally, these internal nodes can be replaced
by device currents and saved.
DC Convergence Enhancements -
"Source-Stepping" algorithm modified with a "Dynamic" step size.
After each successful step, the node voltages are saved, the
source-factor is increased by the step-factor, and the step-factor
is increased (for the next step). If the step fails, i.e. the
circuit does not converge, the source-factor is set to the value
from the previous successful step, the previously stored node
voltages are restored, the step-factor is reduced, the source
factor is increased by this smaller step-factor, and convergence
is attempted again.
Same thing done for "Gmin-stepping" algorithm.
"Gshunt" option added. This sets the "diagGmin" variable used in
the gmin-stepping algorithm to a non-zero value for the final
solution. (Normally this is set to zero for the final solution).
This helps for circuits with floating nodes (and for some others
too).
The Gmin implementation across the substrate diodes of MOS1, MOS2,
MOS3, MOS6 and BSIM3 devices, and across BJT base-emitter and
base-collector diodes, was incorrect. Correcting this dramatically
improved DC convergence. (I think this also affects BSIM1 and 2
but I haven't fixed them yet !)
The gm, gmb and gds calculations in the MOS3 model were all wrong.
The device equations were fixed, leading to much improved
convergence.
The Vcrit value used for diode voltage limiting was calculated
without taking into account the device area (and in some cases
without using the temperature corrected saturation current).
This could cause floating point overflows, especially in device
models designed to be scaled by a small area, e.g. 2u by 2u diodes
(area=4e-12). This is now fixed for Diode, BJT, MOS1, MOS2, and
MOS3 models.
The diode voltage limiting was modified to add negative voltage
limiting. Negative diode voltages are now limited to 3*Vdp-10,
where Vdp is the voltage from the previous iteration. If Vdp is
positive, then the voltage is limited to -10V. This prevents some
more floating point overflows. (Actually, I'm still playing with
the best values for this).
The Spice3 "fix" for the MOS3 gds discontinuity between the
linear and saturated regions only works if the VMAX parameter
is non-zero. A "tweak" has been added for the VMAX=0 case.
Transient Convergence Enhancements -
Temperature correction of various diode capacitances was implemented
slightly incorrectly, leading to capacitance discontinuities in
simulations at temperatures other than nominal. This affected the
Diode and MOS3 models.
A mistake in the implementation of the MOS3 source-bulk capacitance
model resulted in a charge storage discontinuity. This has been fixed.
The level 2 MOSFET model seems to calculate Von and Vth values for
the threshold and subthreshold values respectively, but then uses
Vbin to calculate the Vdsat voltage used to find the drain current.
However, a jump statement uses Von to decide that the device is in
the "cutoff" region, which means that when this jump allows the
drain current to be calculated, Vdsat can already be well above
zero. This leads to a discontinuity of drain current with respect
to gate voltage. The code is now modified to use Vbin for the jump
decision. It looks like the code should actually use Vth as the
threshold voltage, but since other SPICE simulators follow the
original Berkeley code, this was left alone.
New Model Parameters -
A device multiplier instance parameter "M" (i.e. M devices in
parallel) was added to the MOS1,2,3 and BSIM3 mosfet models.
Input Read-in and Checking -
Numbers beginning with a + sign got the input routine confused.
Fixed now.
Attempts to nodeset (or .IC) non-existent nodes are flagged with a
warning.
PWL statements on Voltage or Current sources are now checked for
"non-increasing" time-points at the start of the simulation.
Previously each time-point was checked as it was reached during
the simulation, which could be very annoying if you made a mistake
which caused the simulation to fail after hours of run-time.
A check which was performed at the end of each sub-circuit expansion
was moved to the top level. This check makes sure that all sub-circuits
have been defined, but in its original position, it meant that if a
sub-circuit included ANY .MODEL statements at all, then ALL the models
called in that sub-circuit must also be defined within that
sub-circuit. Now SPICE behaves as expected, i.e. a subcircuit may
define its own models, but may also use models defined at any level
above.
Miscellaneous Fixes/Enhancements -
MOS devices reported only half of the Meyer capacitances, and did not
include overlap capacitances, when reporting to the .OP printout, or
when storing device capacitances to the "rawfile".
The ideal switch devices had no time-step control to stop their
controlling voltages/currents overshooting the switching thresholds.
The time-step control has been modified to use the last two time
points to estimate if the next one will move the controlling
voltage/current past a switching threshold. If this looks likely,
then the time-step is reduced.
The "rawfile" writing routines have been modified to print the
"reference value" to the console during the simulation. This lets
the user see exactly how far and how fast the simulation is
proceeding.
.OP printout tidied up a lot to make the printout clearer.
Analysis order changed to fix a "feature" where, if you ask for
a .OP and a .TRAN in the same simulation, the node voltages
printed out correspond to the .OP, but the device data was from
the last timepoint of the .TRAN
Etc. -
There are other minor bug fixes, and changes to reduce compiler
warnings. There are probably some more significant fixes which
I've forgotten :-)
Ng-spice-rework-12
============
Arno did a great work this summer!
The pole-zero analysis has been corrected. The error was introduced
in an attempt to eliminate compiler warnings. The source has been
reworked and info file have been updated. As you may see, a new dir
called "spicelib" has been created, another step toward the separation
of the simulator from the frontend.
Ng-spice-rework-11
============
Resistor code (device) has been modified to conform to spice3 device
coding standard.
A new step function (U2) has been introduced.
Documentation updated.
Ng-spice-rework-10
============
Added BSIM4 model and closed a couple of serious bugs. Added DEVICES
file to distribution. This file contains the status of device models
in this simulator. Read it, this file can save you a lot of time.
Ng-spice-rework-9
============
Thanks to Arno Peters now all device models are dynamically loaded on
demand. They are linked as shared libraries. The next step is the
dlopen() one which will make possible to link devices without any
recompilation.
Ng-spice-rework-8
============
Applied Arno's patch.
From his mail message:
Hi Paolo,
I have prepared a source cleaning patch.
Features:
+ patches don't get polluted with differences between automatically
generated Makefile.am files. Usually these make up the biggest part
of the patches. This allows me to read the patch on the mailing
list instead of sifting through 90% redundant and irrelevant changes.
+ the shell script autogen.sh automatically regenerates the required
files if the user has automake, autoconf and libtool installed.
+ this feature is only valuable to developers, not to end users.
Usage of this patch, once incorporated:
# create a working tree to work from
cp -a ng-spice-rework-x ng-spice
[ Changes made to ng-spice ]
# clean up all the automatically generated files
cd ng-spice; make maintainer-clean
# extract the differences
diff -ruN ng-spice-rework-x ng-spice > my.patch
[ Patch sent to ng-spice mailing list or you ]
# incorporate changes into the tree
cd ng-spice-rework-x; patch -p1 < my.patch
# update the automatically generated files
cd ng-spice-rework-x; sh autogen.sh
Ng-spice-rework-7 (22 Mar 2000)
============
Bug fix release
Ng-spice-rework-6 (29 Jan 2000)
============
This porting includes:
1) BSIM3V3.1 model as level 49. This is the version modified by Serban
Popescu which understands the M parameter and implements HDIF.
2) BSIM3V3.2 model al Level 50. This is the standard Berkeley version.
3) Now the resistor model can accepts two different values for DC and
AC resistance.
Ng-spice-rework-5 and 5_2 (Jan 2000)
============
Internal development release, buggy and not working.
Ng-spice-rework-4 (22/12/99)
============
This porting includes a new feature:
1) dynamically loading of some device code as an experimental feature
for the future GPL simulator. Thanks to Arno Peters and Manu Rouat.
2) Patched the following bug (thanks to Andrew Tuckey for having
supplied the patch).
* Wsw (current controlled switch) in subckt, parsing bug.
* scale factor in arbitrary source.
* bug in noise analysis.
* save segmentation faults.
ngspice-24/Stuarts_Poly_Notes 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000006220 11712022254 017352 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre SPICE 2 POLY CODEMODEL
SPICE2 POLY attributes are now available for controlled sources. To
use POLY attributes, configure tclspice/ngspice with the
--enable-xspice flag set as described above. After compilation of
ngspice, cd into $(top_srcdir)/src/xspice/icm and read the README file
there for instructions about how to get POLY support. (Hint: you have
to download some stuff from http://www.fe.uni-lj.si/ and edit the
Makefiles before you can do "make && make install" of the codemodel
stuff.)
-- SDB 6.22.2003.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
COMPILING XSPICE CHANGES
The dependencies in the Makefile don't seem to work when you are
compiling changes in the xspice stuff. Obviously, the best thing to
do is fix Makefile.am, but since I am not an expert at this, I have
been using the following workaround when making:
touch src/main.c && make && make install
I recommend you also do this if you hack anything under src/xspice.
-- SDB 6.19.2003.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
DEBUGGING SPICE
To avoid a segmentation fault in the initial run, use the following
command in gdb:
setenv SPICE_NO_DATASEG_CHECK "1"
Or, the comparable command in your shell before running gdb. This
disable accurate tracking of how much memory is used.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USING A GARBAGE COLLECTOR
Get the Boehm-Weiser conservative garbage collector at the following
address:
http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Hans_Boehm/gc/
Compile it with 'make liblinuxgc.so' and install libgc.so and gc.h
where the compiler can find them (i.e., /usr/local/lib and
/usr/local/include). Run configure and compile.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATING PATCHES
If you don't have access to anonymous CVS:
# extract the differences
$ diff -ruN ng-spice-rework-x ng-spice > my.patch
where ng-spice-rework-x is the snapshot you used to base your changes
on.
If you do have access to anonymous CVS:
$ cvs diff -u > my.patch
Note: this only works if you haven't added any files. Otherwise, the
first method is better.
Now, send your patch to ng-spice mailing list.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
INCORPORATING PATCHES
# apply the patch
$ patch -p1 < my.patch
# update the automatically generated files
$ sh autogen.sh
----------------------------------------------------------------------
INCOMPATIBILITIES BETWEEN SPICE3 AND SPICE2
The output format of spice3 is slightly different for .print and .plot
lines. Most notably, different traces on plots are not scaled
independently. This is most noticeable on phase/magnitude plots from
an AC analysis (also, phase is displayed in radians). Finally,
frequency for ".PRINT AC" lines is displayed as a complex quantity
with an all-zero imaginary component.
For input, "POLY( )" sources are not supported (the non-linear
dependent source provides a more general replacement). Also, the
".ALTER" line is not supported. The Spice3 parser may be slightly
different on subtle points of reading input (lines need not start at
column 1 for instance).
ngspice-24/contrib/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 015247 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/contrib/scripts/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 016736 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/contrib/scripts/COPYING 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000245 11712022254 017772 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre These scripts are free for everyone who think that they might by useful for
him. If someone makes them better please e-mail me.
Michael Widlok
widlok@uci.agh.edu.pl ngspice-24/contrib/scripts/liblook_readme 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000522 11712022254 021630 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre Liblook is a script that can show specified model or sub-circuit entry in
spice library. Common use look like this:
liblook lib_name [text_to_find] [lines_before] [lines_after]
lines_before and lines_after are used when you want to specify how many lines
you want to see before or after given text. Look to he source for more
details.
ngspice-24/contrib/scripts/libprm_readme 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000001425 11712022254 021465 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre So, this is my idea of using parametrized subckts with spice.
First I create an input file like foo.cir and I include commands for
mslib (*MOD, *SUB, *LIB) in it. Then I run "libprm -n foo.cir". Libprm then
runs mslib first to get all models and subckts form given libraries and then
runs spiceprm to evaluate all used parameters.
This works quite right for me, and I hope that You will find my idea
useful. Spiceprm is not my program (I get it from Internet), but I think
that it will better to enclose all used programs in this packet. Spiceprm
has it's own directory with very good readme and examples. If You want to
find out more about libprm or mslib look for the source code. These are rather
short and easy programs - they are all that I could write in quite short
time.
ngspice-24/contrib/scripts/liblook 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000003020 11712022254 020312 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #!/bin/bash
#set -x -v
# MW. Lib search / show program
# usage liblook libname [text_to_find] [l_before] [l_after]
LIBPATH=/usr/local/lib
function trapper()
{
echo User break!
echo Exiting . . .
unset LIBPATH
exit 1
}
trap trapper SIGINT SIGQUIT
function operror()
{
echo Incorrect parameters: $*, $#
echo Usage: liblook libname [text_to_find] [l_before] [l_after]
unset LIBPATH
exit 2
}
function showlib()
{
if test -f $LIBPATH/$1; then
less $LIBPATH/$1; exit 0; fi
if test -f [C./$1; then
less ./$1; exit 0; fi
echo Searching $1 in ~/ . . .
less $(find ~/ -name $1)
}
function searchlib()
{
if test -f $LIBPATH/$1; then
echo File: $LIBNMAE; echo;
grep -B"$3" -A"$4" --ignore-case -e "$2" $LIBPATH/$LIBNAME1;
echo; exit 0; fi
if test -f ./$1; then
echo File: $1; echo;
grep -B"$3" -A"$4" --ignore-case -e "$2" ./$1;
echo; exit 0; fi
#if *.lib or sth like this
echo Searching $1 in ~/ . . .;echo;
if (grep -B"$3" -A"$4" --ignore-case -e "$2" $(find ~/ -name $1)); then
echo; exit 0; fi
echo Searching $1 in $LIBPATH;echo;
if (grep -B"$3" -A"$4" --ignore-case -e "$2" $(find $LIBPATH -name $1)); then
echo; exit 0; fi
}
# Main body
if test $# -lt 1 -o $# -gt 4; then operror $*; fi
case $# in
1) showlib $*;;
2) searchlib $1 $2 2 2;;
3) searchlib $1 $2 $3 2;;
4) searchlib $1 $2 $3 $4;;
esac
unset LIBPATH
exit 0
ngspice-24/contrib/scripts/libprm 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000001706 11712022254 020155 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #!/bin/bash
#set -x -v
# MW. Lip / Param parsing program for spice
# -n normal, -f full (keep everything), -r replace original file
export TMPLP=/tmp/LibPrm.$$-
function trapper()
{
echo User break!
echo Exiting . . .
rm -f -v ${TMPLP}*
unset TMPLP
exit 1
}
trap trapper SIGINT SIGQUIT
function operror()
{
echo Incorrect parameters: $*, $#
unset TMPLP
exit 2
}
function repnormpl()
{
mslib $1 ${TMPLP}1
sed -n -e 'p' -e "1r ${TMPLP}1" $1 >${TMPLP}2
spiceprm ${TMPLP}2 $2
}
function keepall()
{
mslib $1
sed -n -e 'p' -e "1r $1.lib" $1 >${TMPLP}2
spiceprm ${TMPLP}2 $2
}
# Main body
if test $# -lt 2 -o $# -gt 3; then operror $*; fi
case $1$# in
-r3) operror $*;;
-n2) repnormpl $2 ${2%.cir}.ckt;;
-n3) repnormpl $2 $3;;
-r2) repnormpl $2 $2;;
-f2) keepall $2 ${2%.cir}.ckt;;
-f3) keepall $2 $3;;
esac
rm -f ${TMPLP}*
unset TMPLP
exit 0
ngspice-24/contrib/vbic/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 016172 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/contrib/vbic/vbic2sgp 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000017055 11712022254 017644 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #!/bin/bash -- # perl
eval 'exec perl -S -x -w $0 ${1+"$@"}'
if 0;
#
# vbic2sgp: program to convert a VBIC .model card to SGP
#
# Vers Date Who Comments
# ==== ========== ============= ========
# 1.0 07/17/00 Colin McAndrew modified sgp2vbic
#
sub usage() {
print "
$prog: convert VBIC .model card to SGP .model card
Usage: $prog [options] modelFile
Files:
modelFile file with VBIC .model card
Options:
-d debug mode
-h print this help message
-i print detailed information
-v verbose mode
-vbeif Vbe do fwd Early voltage map at Vbe ($Vbeif)
-vceif Vce do fwd Early voltage map at Vce ($Vceif)
-vbcir Vbc do rev Early voltage map at Vbc ($Vbcir)
-vecir Vec do rev Early voltage map at Vec ($Vecir)
";
} # End of: sub usage
sub info() {
print "
This program maps a VBIC .model card into an SGP .model card.
For many parameters there is a 1-to-1 mapping between the two,
and the default VBIC parameters are such that the model extensions
that are not part of SGP are turned off. However if the extensions
in VBIC are used, clearly they are not translated into SGP.
In particular, note that using the separate ideality coefficients
for base current in VBIC will give a model that will NOT translate
into SGP properly. A simple calculation of BF(SGP)=IS(VBIC)/IBEI(VBIC)
is done, that will not be accurate if NEI(VBIC) is not equal to NF(VBIC).
The Early effect model is different between VBIC and SGP, the bias
dependence is substantially better in VBIC than in SGP. This means
the models can be made to match only at specific biases.
These biases can be specified by the -vxxi[fr] flags.
";
} # End of: sub info
#
# Set program names and variables.
#
$\="\n";
$,=" ";
$Debug="";
$Verbose="";
$Number='([+-]?[0-9]+[.]?[0-9]*|[+-]?[0-9]+[.]?[0-9]*[eE][+-]?[0-9]+|[+-]?[.][0-9]+|[+-]?[.][0-9]+[eE][+-]?[0-9]+)';
@prog=split("/",$0);
$prog=$prog[$#prog];
$Pi=atan2(0,-1);
$Vbeif=0.6;
$Vceif=2.5;
$Vbcir=0.5;
$Vecir=2.5;
#
# Parse command line arguments, allow argument
# flags to be any case.
#
for (;;){
if ($#ARGV < 0) {
last;
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-d/i) {
$Debug="-d";$Verbose="-v";
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-h/i) {
&usage();exit(0);
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-i/i) {
&info();exit(0);
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-v$/i) {
$Verbose="-v";
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-vbeif$/i) {
shift(@ARGV);
if (!defined($ARGV[0])) {
die("ERROR: no value specified for -vbeif flag, stopped");
}
$Vbeif=$ARGV[0];
if ($Vbeif !~ /$Number/) {
die("ERROR: value for -vbeif flag must be a number, stopped");
}
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-vceif$/i) {
shift(@ARGV);
if (!defined($ARGV[0])) {
die("ERROR: no value specified for -vceif flag, stopped");
}
$Vceif=$ARGV[0];
if ($Vceif !~ /$Number/) {
die("ERROR: value for -vceif flag must be a number, stopped");
}
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-vbcir$/i) {
shift(@ARGV);
if (!defined($ARGV[0])) {
die("ERROR: no value specified for -vbcir flag, stopped");
}
$Vbcir=$ARGV[0];
if ($Vbcir !~ /$Number/) {
die("ERROR: value for -vbcir flag must be a number, stopped");
}
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-vecir$/i) {
shift(@ARGV);
if (!defined($ARGV[0])) {
die("ERROR: no value specified for -vecir flag, stopped");
}
$Vecir=$ARGV[0];
if ($Vecir !~ /$Number/) {
die("ERROR: value for -vecir flag must be a number, stopped");
}
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-/) {
&usage();
die("ERROR: unknown flag $ARGV[0], stopped");
} else {
last;
}
shift(@ARGV);
}
if ($#ARGV < 0) {
&usage();exit(1); # exit if no file name is specified
}
$ModelFile=$ARGV[0];
sub QCDEPL {
my($vj,$p,$m,$f)=@_;
my($w,$xx,$cj,$qj);
$w=1.0-$vj/$p;
if($w>=1.0-$f){
$cj=$w**(-$m);
$qj=$p*(1.0-$w*$cj)/(1.0-$m);
} else {
$xx=(1.0-$f)**(-(1.0+$m));
$cj=$xx*(1.0-$f*(1.0+$m)+$m*$vj/$p);
$qj=$xx*((1.0-$f*(1.0+$m))*($vj-$f*$p)+0.5*$m*($vj*$vj-$f*$f*$p*$p)/$p)+$p*(1.0-$xx*(1.0-$f)**2)/(1.0-$m);
}
return($qj,$cj);
}
#
# Parse model file
#
open(IF,"$ModelFile") ||
die("ERROR: cannot open file $ModelFile, stopped");
$inModel="no";
while () {
chomp;tr/A-Z/a-z/;
if ($_ =~ /^\s*$/) {next;}
if ($_ =~ /^\s*\*/) {next;}
last if ($_ !~ /^\+/ && $inModel eq "yes");
if ($_ =~ /^\s*\.mod/) {
$inModel="yes";$model=$_;next;
}
if ($inModel eq "yes") {
$_=~s/^\+\s*/ /;$model.=$_;next;
}
}
close(IF);
$model=~s/\s*=\s*/=/g;
#
# Set VBIC parameters from .model card
#
$val{"is"}=1.0e-16;
$val{"nf"}=1.0;
$val{"nr"}=1.0;
$val{"ibei"}=1.0e-18;
$val{"nei"}=1.0;
$val{"vef"}=0.0;
$val{"ikf"}=0.0;
$val{"iben"}=0.0;
$val{"nen"}=1.5;
$val{"ibci"}=1.0e-16;
$val{"nci"}=1.0;
$val{"ver"}=0.0;
$val{"ikr"}=0.0;
$val{"ibcn"}=0.0;
$val{"ncn"}=2.0;
$val{"rbx"}=0.0;
$val{"rbi"}=0.0;
$val{"re"}=0.0;
$val{"rcx"}=0.0;
$val{"rci"}=0.0;
$val{"cje"}=0.0;
$val{"vje"}=0.75;
$val{"mje"}=0.33;
$val{"fc"}=0.9;
$val{"cjc"}=0.0;
$val{"cjep"}=0.0;
$val{"vjc"}=0.75;
$val{"mjc"}=0.33;
$val{"cjcp"}=0.0;
$val{"vjs"}=0.75;
$val{"mjs"}=0.0;
$val{"tf"}=0.0;
$val{"xtf"}=0.0;
$val{"vtf"}=0.0;
$val{"itf"}=0.0;
$val{"tr"}=0.0;
$val{"td"}=0.0;
$val{"kfn"}=0.0;
$val{"afn"}=1.0;
$val{"ea"}=1.12;
$val{"eaie"}=1.12;
$val{"eaic"}=1.12;
$val{"eane"}=1.12;
$val{"eanc"}=1.12;
$val{"xis"}=3;
$val{"xii"}=3;
$val{"xin"}=3;
$alias{"ik"}="ikf";
$alias{"pe"}="vje";
$alias{"me"}="mje";
$alias{"pc"}="vjc";
$alias{"mc"}="mjc";
$alias{"ps"}="vjs";
$alias{"ms"}="mjs";
@Field=split(/\s+/,$model);
$name=$Field[1];
for ($i=3;$i<=$#Field;++$i) {
die("ERROR: term $Field[$i] is not in name=value format, stopped")
if ($Field[$i] !~ /=/);
($param,$value)=split(/=/,$Field[$i]);
die("ERROR: parameter $param must be a number, stopped")
if ($value !~ /$Number/);
if (defined($alias{$param})) {$param=$alias{$param};}
if (!defined($val{$param})) {
print STDERR "* WARNING: parameter $param is not supported in sgp";
next;
}
$val{$param}=$value;
}
$Vbcif=$Vbeif-$Vceif;
$Vbeir=$Vbcir-$Vecir;
($qjbef,$cj )=&QCDEPL($Vbeif,$val{"vje"},$val{"mje"},$val{"fc"});
($qjbcf,$cjbcf)=&QCDEPL($Vbcif,$val{"vjc"},$val{"mjc"},$val{"fc"});
($qjber,$cjber)=&QCDEPL($Vbeir,$val{"vje"},$val{"mje"},$val{"fc"});
($qjbcr,$cj )=&QCDEPL($Vbcir,$val{"vjc"},$val{"mjc"},$val{"fc"});
$ivef=$val{"vef"};if($ivef>0){$ivef=1/$ivef;}
$iver=$val{"ver"};if($iver>0){$iver=1/$iver;}
$godIf=$cjbcf*$ivef/(1+$qjbef*$iver+$qjbcf*$ivef);
if($godIf<1e-10) {$godIf=1e-10;}
$godIr=$cjber*$iver/(1+$qjber*$iver+$qjbcr*$ivef);
if($godIr<1e-10) {$godIr=1e-10;}
$a11=-$Vbcif-1.0/$godIf;
$a12=-$Vbeif;
$r1 =-1.0;
$a21=-$Vbcir;
$a22=-$Vbeir-1.0/$godIr;
$r2 =-1.0;
$det=$a11*$a22-$a12*$a21;
$ivaf=($r1*$a22-$r2*$a12)/$det;
$ivar=($r2*$a11-$r1*$a21)/$det;
$vaf=1/$ivaf;$var=1/$ivar;
print '.model '.$name.' sgp
+ rc = '.($val{"rcx"}+$val{"rci"}).'
+ rbm = '.$val{"rbx"}.'
+ rb = '.($val{"rbx"}+$val{"rbi"}).'
+ re = '.$val{"re"}.'
+ is = '.$val{"is"}.'
+ nf = '.$val{"nf"}.'
+ nr = '.$val{"nr"}.'
+ fc = '.$val{"fc"}.'
+ cje = '.$val{"cje"}.'
+ vje = '.$val{"vje"}.'
+ mje = '.$val{"mje"}.'
+ cjc = '.($val{"cjc"}+$val{"cjep"}).'
+ xcjc = '.($val{"cjc"}/($val{"cjc"}+$val{"cjep"})).'
+ pjc = '.$val{"vjc"}.'
+ mjc = '.$val{"mjc"}.'
+ cjs = '.$val{"cjcp"}.'
+ pjs = '.$val{"vjs"}.'
+ mjs = '.$val{"mjs"}.'
+ bf = '.($val{"is"}/$val{"ibei"}).'
+ ise = '.$val{"iben"}.'
+ ne = '.$val{"nen"}.'
+ br = '.($val{"is"}/$val{"ibci"}).'
+ isc = '.$val{"ibcn"}.'
+ nc = '.$val{"ncn"}.'
+ vaf = '.$vaf.'
+ var = '.$var.'
+ ikf = '.$val{"ikf"}.'
+ ikr = '.$val{"ikr"}.'
+ tf = '.$val{"tf"}.'
+ xtf = '.$val{"xtf"}.'
+ vtf = '.$val{"vtf"}.'
+ itf = '.$val{"itf"}.'
+ tr = '.$val{"tr"}.'
+ ptf = '.($val{"td"}*180.0/($val{"tf"}*$Pi)).'
+ eg = '.$val{"ea"}.'
+ xti = '.$val{"xis"}.'
+ xtb = '.($val{"xis"}-$val{"xii"}).'
+ kf = '.$val{"kfn"}.'
+ af = '.$val{"afn"};
ngspice-24/contrib/vbic/sgp2vbic 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000017505 11712022254 017644 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #!/bin/bash -- # perl
eval 'exec perl -S -x -w $0 ${1+"$@"}'
if 0;
#
# sgp2vbic: program to convert an SGP .model card to VBIC
#
# Vers Date Who Comments
# ==== ========== ============= ========
# 2.0 06/01/00 Colin McAndrew translated from shell/nawk version
#
sub usage() {
print "
$prog: convert SGP .model card to VBIC .model card
Usage: $prog [options] modelFile
Files:
modelFile file with SGP .model card
Options:
-d debug mode
-h print this help message
-i print detailed information
-v verbose mode
-vbeif Vbe do fwd Early voltage map at Vbe ($Vbeif)
-vceif Vce do fwd Early voltage map at Vce ($Vceif)
-vbcir Vbc do rev Early voltage map at Vbc ($Vbcir)
-vecir Vec do rev Early voltage map at Vec ($Vecir)
";
} # End of: sub usage
sub info() {
print "
This program maps an SGP .model card into a VBIC .model card.
For many parameters there is a 1-to-1 mapping between the two,
and the default VBIC parameters are such that the model extensions
that are not part of SGP are turned off.
There are two fundamental and non-mappable differences between
the two models. First, the IRB emitter crowding based resistance
modulation model is not supported in VBIC. This parameter is
ignored. Second, the Early effect model is different, the bias
dependence is substantially better in VBIC than in SGP. This means
the models can be made to match only at specific biases.
These biases can be specified by the -vxxi[fr] flags.
";
} # End of: sub info
#
# Set program names and variables.
#
$\="\n";
$,=" ";
$Debug="";
$Verbose="";
$Number='([+-]?[0-9]+[.]?[0-9]*|[+-]?[0-9]+[.]?[0-9]*[eE][+-]?[0-9]+|[+-]?[.][0-9]+|[+-]?[.][0-9]+[eE][+-]?[0-9]+)';
@prog=split("/",$0);
$prog=$prog[$#prog];
$Pi=atan2(0,-1);
$Vbeif=0.6;
$Vceif=2.5;
$Vbcir=0.5;
$Vecir=2.5;
#
# Parse command line arguments, allow argument
# flags to be any case.
#
for (;;){
if ($#ARGV < 0) {
last;
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-d/i) {
$Debug="-d";$Verbose="-v";
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-h/i) {
&usage();exit(0);
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-i/i) {
&info();exit(0);
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-v$/i) {
$Verbose="-v";
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-vbeif$/i) {
shift(@ARGV);
if (!defined($ARGV[0])) {
die("ERROR: no value specified for -vbeif flag, stopped");
}
$Vbeif=$ARGV[0];
if ($Vbeif !~ /$Number/) {
die("ERROR: value for -vbeif flag must be a number, stopped");
}
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-vceif$/i) {
shift(@ARGV);
if (!defined($ARGV[0])) {
die("ERROR: no value specified for -vceif flag, stopped");
}
$Vceif=$ARGV[0];
if ($Vceif !~ /$Number/) {
die("ERROR: value for -vceif flag must be a number, stopped");
}
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-vbcir$/i) {
shift(@ARGV);
if (!defined($ARGV[0])) {
die("ERROR: no value specified for -vbcir flag, stopped");
}
$Vbcir=$ARGV[0];
if ($Vbcir !~ /$Number/) {
die("ERROR: value for -vbcir flag must be a number, stopped");
}
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-vecir$/i) {
shift(@ARGV);
if (!defined($ARGV[0])) {
die("ERROR: no value specified for -vecir flag, stopped");
}
$Vecir=$ARGV[0];
if ($Vecir !~ /$Number/) {
die("ERROR: value for -vecir flag must be a number, stopped");
}
} elsif ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-/) {
&usage();
die("ERROR: unknown flag $ARGV[0], stopped");
} else {
last;
}
shift(@ARGV);
}
if ($#ARGV < 0) {
&usage();exit(1); # exit if no file name is specified
}
$ModelFile=$ARGV[0];
sub QCDEPL {
my($vj,$p,$m,$f)=@_;
my($w,$xx,$cj,$qj);
$w=1.0-$vj/$p;
if($w>=1.0-$f){
$cj=$w**(-$m);
$qj=$p*(1.0-$w*$cj)/(1.0-$m);
} else {
$xx=(1.0-$f)**(-(1.0+$m));
$cj=$xx*(1.0-$f*(1.0+$m)+$m*$vj/$p);
$qj=$xx*((1.0-$f*(1.0+$m))*($vj-$f*$p)+0.5*$m*($vj*$vj-$f*$f*$p*$p)/$p)+$p*(1.0-$xx*(1.0-$f)**2)/(1.0-$m);
}
return($qj,$cj);
}
#
# Parse model file
#
open(IF,"$ModelFile") ||
die("ERROR: cannot open file $ModelFile, stopped");
$inModel="no";
while () {
chomp;tr/A-Z/a-z/;
if ($_ =~ /^\s*$/) {next;}
if ($_ =~ /^\s*\*/) {next;}
last if ($_ !~ /^\+/ && $inModel eq "yes");
if ($_ =~ /^\s*\.mod/) {
$inModel="yes";$model=$_;next;
}
if ($inModel eq "yes") {
$_=~s/^\+\s*/ /;$model.=$_;next;
}
}
close(IF);
$model=~s/\s*=\s*/=/g;
#
# Set SGP parameters from .model card
#
$val{"is"}=1.0e-16;
$val{"bf"}=100.0;
$val{"nf"}=1.0;
$val{"vaf"}=0.0;
$val{"ikf"}=0.0;
$val{"ise"}=0.0;
$val{"ne"}=1.5;
$val{"br"}=1.0;
$val{"nr"}=1.0;
$val{"var"}=0.0;
$val{"ikr"}=0.0;
$val{"isc"}=0.0;
$val{"nc"}=2.0;
$val{"rb"}=0.0;
$val{"rbm"}=0.0;
$val{"re"}=0.0;
$val{"rc"}=0.0;
$val{"cje"}=0.0;
$val{"vje"}=0.75;
$val{"mje"}=0.33;
$val{"cjc"}=0.0;
$val{"vjc"}=0.75;
$val{"mjc"}=0.33;
$val{"xcjc"}=1.0;
$val{"cjs"}=0.0;
$val{"vjs"}=0.75;
$val{"mjs"}=0.0;
$val{"fc"}=0.5;
$val{"tf"}=0.0;
$val{"xtf"}=0.0;
$val{"vtf"}=0.0;
$val{"itf"}=0.0;
$val{"ptf"}=0.0;
$val{"tr"}=0.0;
$val{"kf"}=0.0;
$val{"af"}=1.0;
$val{"eg"}=1.11;
$val{"xtb"}=0.0;
$val{"xti"}=3.0;
$alias{"va"}="vaf";
$alias{"ik"}="ikf";
$alias{"c2"}="ise";
$alias{"vb"}="var";
$alias{"c4"}="isc";
$alias{"pe"}="vje";
$alias{"me"}="mje";
$alias{"pc"}="vjc";
$alias{"mc"}="mjc";
$alias{"ccs"}="cjs";
$alias{"ps"}="vjs";
$alias{"ms"}="mjs";
$alias{"pt"}="xti";
@Field=split(/\s+/,$model);
$name=$Field[1];
for ($i=3;$i<=$#Field;++$i) {
die("ERROR: term $Field[$i] is not in name=value format, stopped")
if ($Field[$i] !~ /=/);
($param,$value)=split(/=/,$Field[$i]);
die("ERROR: parameter $param must be a number, stopped")
if ($value !~ /$Number/);
if (defined($alias{$param})) {$param=$alias{$param};}
if ($param eq "irb") {
print STDERR "* WARNING: IRB parameter is not supported in vbic";
next;
}
if (!defined($val{$param})) {
print STDERR "* WARNING: parameter $param is not supported in vbic";
next;
}
$val{$param}=$value;
if ($param eq "rbm") {$done{"rbm"}="yes";}
}
if (!defined($done{"rbm"})) {$val{"rbm"}=$val{"rb"};}
if($val{"ise"}>1) {$val{"ise"}=$val{"ise"}*$val{"is"};}
if($val{"isc"}>1) {$val{"isc"}=$val{"isc"}*$val{"is"};}
$Vbcif=$Vbeif-$Vceif;
$Vbeir=$Vbcir-$Vecir;
($qjbef,$cj )=&QCDEPL($Vbeif,$val{"vje"},$val{"mje"},$val{"fc"});
($qjbcf,$cjbcf)=&QCDEPL($Vbcif,$val{"vjc"},$val{"mjc"},$val{"fc"});
($qjber,$cjber)=&QCDEPL($Vbeir,$val{"vje"},$val{"mje"},$val{"fc"});
($qjbcr,$cj )=&QCDEPL($Vbcir,$val{"vjc"},$val{"mjc"},$val{"fc"});
$ivaf=$val{"vaf"};if($ivaf>0){$ivaf=1/$ivaf;}
$ivar=$val{"var"};if($ivar>0){$ivar=1/$ivar;}
$godIf=$ivaf/(1-$Vbeif*$ivar-$Vbcif*$ivaf);
if($godIf<1e-10) {$godIf=1e-10;}
$godIr=$ivar/(1-$Vbeir*$ivar-$Vbcir*$ivaf);
if($godIr<1e-10) {$godIr=1e-10;}
$a11=$qjbcf-$cjbcf/$godIf;
$a12=$qjbef;
$r1=-1.0;
$a21=$qjbcr;
$a22=$qjber-$cjber/$godIr;
$r2=-1.0;
$det=$a11*$a22-$a12*$a21;
$ivef=($r1*$a22-$r2*$a12)/$det;
$iver=($r2*$a11-$r1*$a21)/$det;
$vef=1/$ivef;$ver=1/$iver;
print '.model '.$name.' vbic
+ rcx = '.$val{"rc"}.'
+ rci = '."0.0".'
+ rbx = '.$val{"rbm"}.'
+ rbi = '.($val{"rb"}-$val{"rbm"}).'
+ re = '.$val{"re"}.'
+ is = '.$val{"is"}.'
+ nf = '.$val{"nf"}.'
+ nr = '.$val{"nr"}.'
+ fc = '.$val{"fc"}.'
+ cje = '.$val{"cje"}.'
+ pe = '.$val{"vje"}.'
+ me = '.$val{"mje"}.'
+ cjc = '.($val{"cjc"}*$val{"xcjc"}).'
+ cjep = '.($val{"cjc"}*(1.0-$val{"xcjc"})).'
+ pc = '.$val{"vjc"}.'
+ mc = '.$val{"mjc"}.'
+ cjcp = '.$val{"cjs"}.'
+ ps = '.$val{"vjs"}.'
+ ms = '.$val{"mjs"}.'
+ ibei = '.($val{"is"}/$val{"bf"}).'
+ nei = '.$val{"nf"}.'
+ iben = '.$val{"ise"}.'
+ nen = '.$val{"ne"}.'
+ ibci = '.($val{"is"}/$val{"br"}).'
+ nci = '.$val{"nr"}.'
+ ibcn = '.$val{"isc"}.'
+ ncn = '.$val{"nc"}.'
+ vef = '.$vef.'
+ ver = '.$ver.'
+ ikf = '.$val{"ikf"}.'
+ ikr = '.$val{"ikr"}.'
+ tf = '.$val{"tf"}.'
+ xtf = '.$val{"xtf"}.'
+ vtf = '.$val{"vtf"}.'
+ itf = '.$val{"itf"}.'
+ tr = '.$val{"tr"}.'
+ td = '.($val{"tf"}*$val{"ptf"}*$Pi/180.0).'
+ ea = '.$val{"eg"}.'
+ eaie = '.$val{"eg"}.'
+ eaic = '.$val{"eg"}.'
+ eane = '.$val{"eg"}.'
+ eanc = '.$val{"eg"}.'
+ xis = '.$val{"xti"}.'
+ xii = '.($val{"xti"}-$val{"xtb"}).'
+ xin = '.($val{"xti"}-$val{"ne"}*$val{"xtb"}).'
+ kfn = '.$val{"kf"}.'
+ afn = '.$val{"af"};
ngspice-24/contrib/vbic/README 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000303 11712022254 017046 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre Two scripts from Colin McAndrew for vbic model.
sgp2vbic - converts a Spice Gummel-Poon model card to a vbic model card.
vbis2sgb - converts a vbic model card to a Spice Gummel-Poom model card.
ngspice-24/contrib/spiceprm/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 017071 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/contrib/spiceprm/COPYING 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000043070 11712022254 020130 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
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License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
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Copyright (C) 19yy
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.
ngspice-24/contrib/spiceprm/EXAMPLES 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000012404 11712022254 020233 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ****************************************************************
* Pi attenuator pad.
* Parameters: R0 = impedance
* DB = attenuation in dB (positive)
.SUBCKT PIPAD 1 2 { R0 DB }
R1 1 0 {R0*(1+2/(10**(DB/20)-1))}
R2 1 2 {(R0/2)*(10**(DB/20)-10**(DB/-20))}
R3 2 0 {R0*(1+2/(10**(DB/20)-1))}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* PCB Via inductance + extra L.
* H = substrate height in inches
* D = via diameter in inches
* L = extra inductance in henries.
.SUBCKT VIA 1 2 { H D L }
LV 1 2 {L+
+ 5.08E-9*H*(log((2+sqrt(4+D*D/(H*H)))*H/D)+
+ .75*(D/H-sqrt(4+D*D/(H*H))))}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* Voltage-controlled oscillator.
* Parameters: F = frequency @ Vc = 0 in Hz
* KV = tuning sensitivity in Hz/volt
* A = peak output amplitude
* RO = output port resistance
* Connections: Vc Out
.SUBCKT VCO 20 2 { F KV A RO }
RIN1 20 0 1E12
VSW 30 0 DC 0 PULSE 0 1
RSW 30 0 1E12
BIN 3 0 V=(V(20)+{F/KV})*V(30)
R3 3 0 1E6
GSIN 2 0 22 0 {1/RO}
RSIN 2 0 {RO}
B1 1 0 I=-(V(22)*V(3))
B2 22 0 I=V(1)*V(3)
R2 1 0 1E9
I1 0 1 PULSE {1E-9*A} 0
C2 1 0 {.159154943/KV}
C1 22 0 {.159154943/KV}
R1 22 0 1E9
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* Ideal Frequency converter.
* Parameters: F = Oscillator frequency
* RI = input port resistance
* RO = output port resistance
* Connections: In Out
.SUBCKT FCNVT 1 2 { F RI RO }
RIN 1 0 {RI}
VLO 3 0 DC 0 SIN 0 1 {F}
RLO 3 0 1E12
BMIX 0 2 I=(V(1)*V(3))/{RO}
RO 2 0 {RO}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* Sine wave RF power source.
* Parameters: F = Frequency
* R = Output resistance
* P = Power in dBm
* V = DC (EMF)
.SUBCKT RFGEN 1 2 { F R P V }
* + -
Is 2 1 DC {V/R} SIN {V/R} {sqrt((10**(P/10))/(125*R))} {F}
Ro 1 2 {R}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* Sine wave 2-tone RF power source.
* Parameters: F1 = 1st tone frequency
* F2 = 2nd tone frequency
* R = output resistance
* P = power per tone in dBm
* V = DC (EMF)
.SUBCKT 2TGEN 1 2 { F1 F2 R P V }
* + -
I1 2 1 DC {V/R} SIN {V/R} {sqrt((10**(P/10))/(125*R))} {F1}
I2 2 1 DC 0 SIN 0 {sqrt((10**(P/10))/(125*R))} {F2}
Ro 1 2 {R}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* Transmission lines
* All ports must have external connections.
* Parameters: Z0 = impedance
* L = length in inches
* VP = velocity-of-propagation rel. to air
* Connections: 1+ 1- 2+ 2-
.SUBCKT TXL 1 2 3 4 { Z0 L VP }
T1 1 2 3 4 Z0={Z0} TD={L/(1.180315E10*VP)}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* Lossy transmission line.
* All ports must have external connections.
* Parameters: Z0 = impedance
* L = length in inches
* VP = velocity-of-propagation rel. to air
* A = loss in dB/inch
* Connections: 1+ 1- 2+ 2-
.SUBCKT LTXL 1 2 3 4 { Z0 L VP A }
O1 1 2 3 4 LOSSY
.MODEL LOSSY LTRA LEN={L}
+ R={5.848492e-3*A*Z0}
+ L={Z0/(1.180315E10*VP)}
+ C={1/(1.180315E10*VP*Z0)}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* 2 coupled transmission lines
* All ports must have external connections.
* Parameters: Z0E = even-mode impedance
* Z0O = odd-mode impedance
* L = length in inches
* VP = velocity-of-propagation rel. to air
* Connections: 1+ 1- 2+ 2- { Z0E Z0O L VP }
.SUBCKT CPL2 1 2 3 4
T1 1 0 3 0 Z0={Z0E} TD={L/(1.180315E10*VP)}
T2 1 2 3 4 Z0={2*Z0E*Z0O/(Z0E-Z0O)} TD={L/(1.180315E10*VP)}
T3 2 0 4 0 Z0={Z0E} TD={L/(1.180315E10*VP)}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* Generic Bipolar OpAmp - linear model
* Parameters: G = open-loop gain in dB
* FT = unity gain frequency in Hz
* IOS = input offset current in amps
* VOS = input offset voltage
* IB = input bias current in amps
.SUBCKT BIPOPA 2 3 6 7 4 { G FT IOS VOS IB }
* - In + Out Vcc Vee
RP 4 7 10K
RXX 4 0 10MEG
IBP 3 0 {IB-IOS}
RIP 3 0 10MEG
CIP 3 0 1.4PF
IBN 2 0 {IB}
RIN 2 0 10MEG
CIN 2 0 1.4PF
VOFST 2 10 {VOS}
RID 10 3 200K
EA 11 0 10 3 1
R1 11 12 5K
R2 12 13 50K
C1 12 0 {13E-6/FT}
GA 0 14 0 13 {0.0135*(10**(G/20))}
C2 13 14 {2.7E-6/FT}
RO 14 0 75
L 14 6 {30/FT}
RL 14 6 1000
CL 6 0 3PF
.ENDS
****************************************************************
* Generic FET OpAmp - linear model
* Parameters: G = open-loop gain in dB
* FT = unity gain frequency in Hz
* VOS = input offset voltage
.SUBCKT FETOPA 2 3 6 7 4 { G FT VOS }
* - In + Out Vcc Vee
RP 4 7 6K
RXX 4 0 10MEG
IBP 3 0 33E-12
RIP 3 0 1E12
CIP 3 0 3PF
IBN 2 0 30E-12
RIN 2 0 1E12
CIN 2 0 3PF
VOFST 2 10 {VOS}
RID 10 3 1E12
EA 11 0 10 3 1
R1 11 12 5K
R2 12 13 50K
C1 12 0 {24E-6/FT}
GA 0 14 0 13 {0.0135*(10**(G/20))}
C2 13 14 {2.33E-6/FT}
RO 14 0 75
L 14 6 {4E-6/FT}
RL 14 6 100
CL 6 0 3PF
.ENDS
****************************************************************
ngspice-24/contrib/spiceprm/spiceprm-0.11.lsm 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000001360 11712022254 022005 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre Begin3
Title: spiceprm-0.11.tar.gz
Version: 0.11
Entered-date: 02JAN97
Description: A Perl script preprocessor adding parameterized
subcircuit capability to the Berkeley Spice circuit
simulator. Should also work with any spice lacking
this feature.
Keywords: spice cad simulation preprocessor perl script
Author: andy@moose.mv.com (Andy Borsa)
Maintained-by:
Primary-site: sunsite.unc.edu /pub/Linux/apps/circuits
15.6kB spiceprm-0.11.tar.gz
Alternate-site:
Original-site:
Platforms: Linux or most any unix, Perl 4 or greater.
Tested with Linux and Perl 5.
Copying-policy: GNU General Public License. See file COPYING.
End
ngspice-24/contrib/spiceprm/CHANGES 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000001331 11712022254 020062 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre -------------------------------
MW. 01-10-2000
Bugs Fixes -
-----------
.subckt inside another parametrized .subckt works right now.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Version 0.11 January 2, 1996
----------------------------------------------------------------------
No new features.
Bug Fixes -
-----------
1. Duplicate name clash problem with parameterized subckt calls from
within a .subckt....ends block.
2. Writing continuation lines to the output file occaisionally choked.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Version 0.10 October 10, 1996
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Original release.
ngspice-24/contrib/spiceprm/spiceprm 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000024141 11712022254 020643 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #! /usr/bin/perl
# spiceprm
# Pass parameters to spice subcircuits.
# Usage: spiceprm infile [outfile]
# infile and outfile must be different.
# Output written to STDOUT if outfile not given.
$BANNER = "Spiceprm version 0.11, Copyright (C) 1996 Andrew J. Borsa";
# NOTES:
# 1. Units not recognized inside .subckt {} expressions.
# 2. Perl exponent operator: "**", Spice exp op: "^".
# 3. "-" as part of subckt name doesn't work but "_" does.
# Netlist convention
# Xname n1 n2 n3 ... ni subname {p1 = val1 ... pj = valj}
# p1 thru pj are the parameters to be passed to the subcircuit.
# val is any valid spice value.
#
# .subckt name n1 n2 ... ni {p1 p2 ... pj}
# parameter expressions must be enclosed in {}.
# After substitution -
# Xname n1 n2 n3 ... ni subname#k
# *{p1 = val1 ... pj = valj}
# .subckt subname#k n1 n2 n3 ... ni
# ... listing with parameters substituted
# .ends
# %subckt: key = subname
# value = startline, endline, listing(.subckt ... .ends)
# Only for .subckts with parameters.
# %subprm: key = subname
# value = parameter name list
# %subcall: key = Xname[#subname0#subname1...]
# value = subname#k
# NOTE: IF Xname is called from within a .subckt, it will have calling
# .subckt names appended, delimited by #'s.
# %sub: key = subname#k
# value = p1 val1 ... pj valj, where val is a pure
# numeric with no units.
$MAXLEN = 70; # Max output file line length.
$DMAXLEN = 10; # Amount to increment if necessary.
$linenum = 0;
%units = ('f','1e-15','p','1e-12','n','1e-9','u','1e-6','mil','25.4e-6',
'm','1e-3','k','1e3','meg','1e6','g','1e9','t','1e12');
$* = 1; # Pattern match with multi-line strings.
($infile, $outfile) = @ARGV;
print "\n$BANNER\ninfile: $infile\noutfile: $outfile\n\n";
$#ARGV && ($infile eq $outfile)
&& die "Input and Output filenames must be different\n";
open(INFILE, $infile) || die "Can't open source file: $infile\n";
$hasprm = $depth = 0;
&prm_scan;
close(INFILE);
open(INFILE, $infile) || die "Can't open source file: $infile\n";
unlink $outfile if $#ARGV;
open(OUTFILE, $#ARGV ? ">$outfile" : ">-")
|| die "Can't open output file: $outfile\n";
$depth = 0;
&prm_wr;
close(INFILE);
close(OUTFILE);
# Get a line from the input file, combining any continuation lines into
# one long line. Skip comment and blank lines.
sub prm_getline {
local($line);
chop($line = defined($nxtline) ? $nxtline : );
$linenum = $.;
while ($nxtline = ) {
if ($line =~ /^\*|^\s/) { $line = ''; }
if ($line eq '' || $nxtline =~ s/^(\+)/ /) {
chop($nxtline);
$line .= $nxtline;
}
else { last; }
}
$line;
}
# Scan the input file looking for subcircuit calls with parameter list and
# any subcircuits with defined parameters.
sub prm_scan {
local(@w, @tmp, @list);
local($xnm, $subnm, $i, $max, $m, $s, $n, $tmp, $start);
local($sublist) = '';
PRM_SCAN: while ($_ = &prm_getline) {
# skip .control - .endc blocks
if (/^\.control/i) {
while ($_ = &prm_getline) { next PRM_SCAN if (/^\.endc/i); }
}
tr/A-Z/a-z/;
PRM_TST: {
if (/^x/ && s/(\{([^\}]+)\})//) {
@w = split(' ');
@tmp = @w[0 .. $#w-1];
$xnm = $w[0] . $sublist; $subnm = $w[$#w];
$_ = $2; $i = 0;
while (/(\w+)\s*\=\s*([+-]?\d*(\.\d*)?([Ee][+-]?\d+)?)([a-z]\w*)?/) {
# 1 2 3 4 5
$prmval{$1} = $2*($5 ? &unit2mult($5) : 1);
$_ = $';
$i += 2;
}
$max = -1; $m = '';
CHKDUP: foreach $s (keys %sub) {
$s =~ /(\w+)\#(\d+)/;
if ($subnm eq $1) {
if ($max < $2) { $max = $2; }
$n = (@w = split(' ', $sub{$s}));
if ($n == $i) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i += 2) {
last if $w[$i+1] ne $prmval{$w[$i]};
}
if ($i >= $n) {
$m = 1;
$subcall{$xnm} = $s;
last CHKDUP;
}
}
}
}
if ($m eq '') {
foreach $n (keys %prmval) {
$m = join(' ', $m, $n, $prmval{$n});
}
$sub{($s = join('', $subnm, '#', $max+1))} = $m;
$subcall{$xnm} = $s;
}
push(@list, join(' ', @tmp, $subcall{$xnm})) if $depth;
undef %prmval;
last PRM_TST;
}
if (/^\.subckt\s+(\w+)/) {
$depth++; $tmp = $1;
$sublist .= '#' . $1;
if (s/(\{([^\}]+)\})//) {
if ($hasprm) {
print "Line $linenum: ",
"Nested parameterized subckt definitions not permitted\n\n";
}
else {
$hasprm = 1; $start = $.;
$subprm{$psubnm = $tmp} = $2;
}
}
push(@list, $_); # With {} parameter defs removed.
last PRM_TST;
}
if (/^\.ends/) {
$sublist =~ s/(\#\w+)$//;
if (--$depth == 0) {
if ($hasprm) {
$subckt{$psubnm} = join("\n",join(' ',$start,$.),@list,$_);
}
$hasprm = 0;
undef @list; $sublist = '';
last PRM_TST;
}
# MW. 'last PRM_TST' should be inside 'if' loop to allow nestle subckts.
}
if ($depth) {
push(@list, $_);
last PRM_TST;
}
}
}
}
# Write the output file.
sub prm_wr {
local(@w, @pnms, @list, @line);
local($xnm, $subnm, $n, $m, $i, $s);
local($sublist) = '';
PRMWR_SCAN: while ($_ = &prm_getline) {
# write .control - .endc blocks
if (/^\.control/i) {
print OUTFILE "$_\n";
while ($_ = &prm_getline) {
prm_wrline($_);
next PRMWR_SCAN if (/^\.endc/i);
}
}
tr/A-Z/a-z/;
if (/^x/ && s/(\{([^\}]+)\})//) {
@w = split(' '); $subnm = pop(@w);
$xnm = $w[0] . $sublist;
prm_wrline(join(' ', @w, $subcall{$xnm}));
print OUTFILE "* $1\n";
if (!defined($subprm{$subnm})) {
print "Line $linenum: Subckt \"$subnm\" has no defined parameters\n\n";
next PRMWR_SCAN;
}
$n = @pnms = sort(split(' ', $subprm{$subnm}));
$m = (@w = split(' ', $sub{$subcall{$xnm}}));
if ($n == $m/2) {
for ($i = 0, undef(@list); $i < $m; $i += 2) {
push(@list, $w[$i]);
}
for ($i = 0, @w = sort(@list); $i < $n; ++$i) {
if ($pnms[$i] ne $w[$i]) {
print "Line $linenum: ",
"Undefined parameter \"$w[$i]\"",
"in subckt \"$subnm\" call\n\n";
next PRMWR_SCAN;
}
}
}
else {
print "Line $linenum: ",
"Incorrect number of parameters in subckt \"$subnm\" call\n\n";
}
next PRMWR_SCAN;
}
if (/^\.subckt\s+(\w+)/) {
if ($s = $subckt{$1}) {
$s =~ /\d+\s+(\d+)/;
$n = $1;
&prm_getline until $. == $n;
}
else {
$depth++; $sublist .= '#' . $1;
prm_wrline($_);
}
next PRMWR_SCAN;
}
if (/^\.end\b/) {
foreach $s (keys %sub) {
($subnm = $s) =~ s/\#\d+//;
@line = split(/\n/, $subckt{$subnm});
shift(@line);
$line[0] =~ s/$subnm/$s/;
%prmval = split(' ', $sub{$s});
foreach (@line) {
s/\{([^\}]+)\}/&prm_eval($1, %prmval)/eg;
prm_wrline($_);
}
}
print OUTFILE ".end\n";
last PRMWR_SCAN;
}
if (/^\.ends/) {
if (--$depth == 0) { $sublist = ''; }
else { $sublist =~ s/(\#\w+)$//; }
}
prm_wrline($_);
}
}
# Translate a possible unit into a multiplier factor.
# Parameter is the unit letter string assumed lower case.
sub unit2mult {
local($u) = shift;
$u = ($u =~ /^(mil|meg)/ ? $1 : substr($u, 0, 1));
$u = defined($units{$u}) ? $units{$u} : 1;
}
# Evaluate a parameter expression.
# Arguments: expression, parameter & value assoc. array.
sub prm_eval {
local($x,%prm) = @_;
foreach $key (keys %prm) {
$x =~ s/\b$key\b/$prm{$key}/eg;
}
eval($x . ';');
}
# Write an output file line with a max length. The line is split on
# whitespace or '=' at a point less than or equal to the max length
# and output as a spice continuation line.
# If a splitting delimiter is not found within $MAXLEN, then allowable
# length is increased, potentially up to the actual line length.
# NOTE: outputs '\n'.
# $MAXLEN sets the max value, $DMAXLEN the increment.
# File handle = OUTFILE.
sub prm_wrline {
local($line) = shift;
local($max, $s, $m);
$max = $MAXLEN;
until ($line eq '') {
if (length($line) > $max) {
$m = substr($line, 0, $max);
if ($m =~ /((\s|\=)[^(\s|\=)]*)$/) {
$s = $` . $2;
$line = '+' . substr($line, length($s));
}
else { $max += $DMAXLEN; next; }
}
else { $s = $line; $line = ''; }
print OUTFILE "$s\n";
$max = $MAXLEN;
}
}
ngspice-24/contrib/spiceprm/README 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000021507 11712022254 017756 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPICEPRM - A Spice preprocessor for parameterized subcircuits (v 0.11)
Copyright (C) 1996 Andrew J. Borsa
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Spiceprm was written in the course of moving my engineering activities
to the Linux operating system. My previous MSDOS spice package
permitted passing parameters to subcircuits. The raw Berkely Spice
doesn't. Anyone used to this feature knows the frustration of trying
to use a simulator without it. This script is the result of my
desperation. It translates a circuit file containing parameterized
subcircuits with math expressions into another circuit file meeting raw
spice requirements. You then run spice on the translated output file.
This is an alpha version. It probably has some bugs I haven't caught.
But I have used it in a work environment enough to feel comfortable
about releasing it for comments and improvement suggestions.
What's So Great About Subcircuits With Parameters?
--------------------------------------------------
1. You can generalize a model once and then use it without having to
recalculate values of it's internal elements every time.
2. Many electronic devices can be modelled by using mathematical
expressions. The independent variables can be passed to the model as
parameters, evaluated in equations, and used to set the behavior of a
particular model instance.
3. They save mucho time and minimize human calculation error.
Installation
------------
1. Copy the executable script to an accessible directory. I keep mine
in $HOME/bin so it's on my path.
2. Modify the top line if necessary to reflect the path to your Perl
interpreter.
For ex., #! /usr/bin/perl may have to become #! /usr/local/bin/perl or
wherever the perl binary is located.
Usage
-----
spiceprm infile [outfile]
infile: Circuit file name containing parameterized subcircuits.
outfile: Transformed file meeting raw spice netlist conventions.
Optional. If not given, output is produced on standard
output (stdout).
My file name convention: infile = *.cir, outfile = *.ckt
infile == outfile isn't permitted for a coupla good reasons, the
best being you don't want to trash your original source.
Now source outfile from spice.
I always check the output from a new infile just to make sure. This
version only checks for a few obvious errors, so scanning outfile for
reasonable looking values and netlist correctness is wise. Note that
comment and blank lines are discarded in outfile and alphabetic
characters are transformed to lower case.
Parameterized Subcircuit Netlist Convention
-------------------------------------------
Calling a parameterized subcircuit works similarly to a normal spice call
except for the addition of a {} delimited list of parameter value
assignments -
Xname n1 n2 n3 ... ni subname {p1 = val1 ... pj = valj}
p1 thru pj are the parameter assignments to be passed to the
subcircuit.
val is any valid spice value.
{} (braces) must enclose the parameter assignment sequence.
After running the preprocessor on this file, each call in the netlist
will be replaced by the following -
Xname n1 n2 n3 ... ni subname#k
*{p1 = val1 ... pj = valj}
where k is a digit or digits representing a subcircuit with that
specific set of parameter substitutions. k will be incremented for
each unique set of parameters and matched by a new .subckt listing
named subname#k as follows -
.subckt subname#k n1 n2 n3 ... ni
... listing with parameters substituted and equations evaluated
.ends
Creating Parameterized Subcircuits
----------------------------------
Below is a simple example. See the EXAMPLES file for a number of
illustrative and useful models for Spice3.
This model creates an RF power source specified using the natural
output power units of dBm (dB referenced to 1 milliwatt). Note that
the model parameters must be declared on the ".subckt" definition line
inside curly braces {}.
****************************************************************
* Sine wave RF power source.
* Parameters: F = Frequency
* R = Output resistance
* P = Power in dBm
* V = DC (EMF)
.SUBCKT RFGEN 1 2 {F R P V}
* + -
Is 2 1 DC {V/R} SIN {V/R} {sqrt((10**(P/10))/(125*R))} {F}
Ro 1 2 {R}
.ENDS
****************************************************************
Note that independent current source Is has it's literal spice
parameters replaced by equations that calculate the required values
from the passed parameters. Each equation must be enclosed by {} to
inform the preprocessor that a substitution and calculation must be
performed for whatever appears between the braces.
Equations may span multiple lines by using the spice line continuation
symbol "+" as the first character of the following line.
.MODEL statements inside subcircuits may also use passed parameters.
In fact, anything between {} inside a subcircuit will be evaluated and
replaced with a result.
Be careful in situations like the following:
Bx 3 0 v = {v(1)*sgn(v(2))*frick/frack} WRONG!!!
The Spice3 nonlinear source element "B" also accepts equations
describing it's output dependency on functions of circuit voltages
and currents. If "frick" and "frack" are parameters, you must
separate them from the element's equation as follows -
Bx 3 0 v = v(1)*sgn(v(2))*{frick/frack}
Just remember that preprocessor equations and spice functions must
never meld.
The parameter substitution first replaces all parameters between any {}
with their numerical values and then uses Perl's eval() function to
produce a final numerical value. Theoretically at least, you could
execute a Perl program within those braces. I haven't explored this
yet so feel free. Realize though, that whatever's inside the braces
gets a ";" appended at the end to make a valid Perl statement from the
usual equation. Also, Perl's block delimiters are braces, so extra
one's could confuse the current parsing which is simply oriented to
equations. Ah well.
Known Bugs, Anomalies, and Perl Gotcha's
----------------------------------------
1. Minimal error checking! Be forewarned!
2. Don't use ".ends subckt_name" with parameters. Use ".ends" only.
The preprocessor modifies subckt_name to subckt_name#k.
3. Spice unit representations like "k", "meg", etc, are not recognized
inside the {} equation sections of .subckt listings. They may,
however, be used in the parameter assignment section of a .subckt call.
4. "-" as part of .subckt name doesn't work but "_" does. Stick to
alphanumeric names with optional underscore characters.
5. Equations must use Perl math operators and functions.
The following lists operator differences I'm aware of -
Exponentiation - Perl : **
Spice3 : ^
Logical AND, OR - Perl : &&, ||
Spice3 : &, |
Equality, Inequality - Perl : ==, !=
Spice3 : =, <>
These operators are the same for Perl and Spice3 -
+ - * / % ! < > <= >=
These operators are unique to Perl -
& | ^ ~ : bitwise AND, OR, exclusive OR, complement
Perl math functions -
abs(EXPR) : absolute value of EXPR
atan2(Y,X) : arctangent of Y/X in the range of -pi to +pi
cos(EXPR) : cosine of EXPR in radians
exp(EXPR) : e raised to EXPR
int(EXPR) : integer portion of EXPR
log(EXPR) : natural logarithm (base e) of EXPR
rand[(EXPR)]: returns a random fractional number between 0 and the
value of EXPR. If EXPR is omitted, returns a value
between 0 and 1.
sin(EXPR) : sine of EXPR in radians
sqrt(EXPR) : square root of EXPR
Finally, if you could make use of a language allowing you to do neat
things like this with minimal pain, give Perl a try. It's naturally
suited for text processing and transformation tasks like pre and post
processors, along with any math manipulation required.
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 016355 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/COPYING 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000230 11712022254 017403 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre Mslib is free for everyone who think that it might by useful for
him. If someone makes it better please e-mail me.
Michael Widlok
widlok@uci.agh.edu.pl ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/libprm_readme 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000001430 11712022254 021100 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre So, this is my idea of using parametrized subckts with spice3f4.
First I create an input file like foo.cir and I include commands for
mslib (*MOD, *SUB, *LIB) in it. Then I run "libprm -n foo.cir". Libprm then
runs mslib first to get all models and subckts form given libraries and then
runs spiceprm to evaluate all used parameters.
This works quite right for me, and I hope that You will find my idea
useful. Spiceprm is not my program (I get it from Internet), but I think
that it will better to enclose all used programs in this packet. Spiceprm
has it's own directory with very good readme and examples. If You want to
find out more about libprm or mslib look for the source code. These are rather
short and easy programs - they are all that I could write in quite short
time.
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/datadef.h 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000003305 11712022254 020117 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre /*
* MW. Include for spice
*/
#ifndef DATADEF_INC
#define DATADEF_INC
/*
* Program defaults
*
* *Directory for input file and input libraries
*/
#define DECKPATH "./"
#define LIBPATH "/usr/local/lib/"
/*
* Name for output library file
*/
#define TMPLIBNAME ".lib" /*
* * * * actual name is "deck.TMPLIBNAME"
*/
/*
* Command for libraries, subckts and models declaration
*/
#define LIBINVL "*LIB"
#define SUBINVL "*SUB"
#define MODINVL "*MOD"
/*
* Keywords for subckt start, end and model
*/
#define SUBLINE ".SUBCKT"
#define SUBEND ".ENDS"
#define MODLINE ".MODEL"
#define MODEND
#define LIBMESSAGE "* MW Library include for Spice"
#define BSIZE 255
#define MODDLINE 1
#define SUBDLINE 4
#define LIBDLINE 8
#define SUBLLINE 16
#define MODLLINE 32
#define ENDSLLINE 64
#define CONTLLINE 128
#define NORMLINE 0
#define WRITESUB 0xffff
#define WRITEMOD 0x1111
#define NOWRITE 0x0
#define FAILED 0xffffff
#define SUCCESS 0
#define IS_LIB 0x1
#define LIB_OPEN 0x2
#define IS_MOD 0x10
#define IS_SUB 0x100
#define FINDED 0x400
#define DUPLICATE 0x800
#define DECK_OPEN 0x20000
#define TLIB_OPEN 0x100000
#define NAMEVALID 0xfff
#define NAMENOTV 0x0
struct LSData
{
char name[BSIZE];
FILE *filedes;
int flag;
struct LSData *prevLS;
struct LSData *nextLS;
};
struct LSData *LSinsert(struct LSData *LS, struct LSData *where);
struct LSData *LSclear(struct LSData *LS);
struct LSData *Backfree(struct LSData *LS);
int readdeck(FILE * tdeck, struct LSData *lib, \
struct LSData *sub, struct LSData *mod);
int readlib(struct LSData *lib, FILE * tlib, \
struct LSData *firstSUB, struct LSData *firstMOD);
int checkname(struct LSData *smp, char *name);
#endif
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/makefile 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000364 11712022254 020060 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre # MW. Include libs for Spice
CFLAGS= -O2 -s
LDFLAGS= -s
OBJS= inc_main.o inc_inp.o inc_LSD.o
HDRS= datadef.h
SRCC= inc_main.c inc_inp.c inc_LSD.c
mslib: $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS)
clean:
$(RM) $(OBJS) mslib
$(OBJS): $(HDRS)
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/liblook 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000003003 11712022254 017732 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #!/bin/bash
#set -x -v
# MW. Lib search / show program
# usage liblook libname [text_to_find] [l_before] [l_after]
LIBPATH=/usr/local/lib
function trapper()
{
echo User break!
echo Exiting . . .
unset LIBPATH
exit 1
}
trap trapper SIGINT SIGQUIT
function operror()
{
echo Incorrect parameters: $*, $#
echo Usage: liblook libname [text_to_find] [l_before] [l_after]
unset LIBPATH
exit 2
}
function showlib()
{
if test -f $LIBPATH/$1; then
less $LIBPATH/$1; exit 0; fi
if test -f [C./$1; then
less ./$1; exit 0; fi
echo Searching $1 in ~/ . . .
less $(find ~/ -name $1)
}
function searchlib()
{
if test -f $LIBPATH/$1; then
echo File: $1; echo;
grep -B"$3" -A"$4" --ignore-case -e "$2" $LIBPATH/$1;
echo; exit 0; fi
if test -f ./$1; then
echo File: $1; echo;
grep -B"$3" -A"$4" --ignore-case -e "$2" ./$1;
echo; exit 0; fi
#if *.lib or sth like this
echo Searching $1 in ~/ . . .;echo;
if (grep -B"$3" -A"$4" --ignore-case -e "$2" $(find ~/ -name $1)); then
echo; exit 0; fi
echo Searching $1 in $LIBPATH;echo;
if (grep -B"$3" -A"$4" --ignore-case -e "$2" $(find $LIBPATH -name $1)); then
echo; exit 0; fi
}
# Main body
if test $# -lt 1 -o $# -gt 4; then operror $*; fi
case $# in
1) showlib $*;;
2) searchlib $1 $2 2 2;;
3) searchlib $1 $2 $3 2;;
4) searchlib $1 $2 $3 $4;;
esac
unset LIBPATH
exit 0
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/libprm 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000002354 11712022254 017574 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre #!/bin/bash
#set -x -v
# MW. Lip / Param parsing program for spice
# -n normal, -f full (keep everything), -r replace original file
# -e new addition start with editor, then like normal
export TMPLP=/tmp/LibPrm.$$-
function trapper()
{
echo User break!
echo Exiting . . .
rm -f -v ${TMPLP}*
unset TMPLP
exit 1
}
trap trapper SIGINT SIGQUIT
function operror()
{
echo Incorrect parameters: $*, $#
unset TMPLP
exit 2
}
function repnormpl()
{
mslib $1 ${TMPLP}1
sed -n -e 'p' -e "1r ${TMPLP}1" $1 >${TMPLP}2
spiceprm ${TMPLP}2 $2
}
function keepall()
{
mslib $1
sed -n -e 'p' -e "1r $1.lib" $1 >${TMPLP}2
spiceprm ${TMPLP}2 $2
}
function withedit()
{
joe $1
mslib $1 ${TMPLP}1
sed -n -e 'p' -e "1r ${TMPLP}1" $1 >${TMPLP}2
spiceprm ${TMPLP}2 $2
}
# Main body
if test $# -lt 2 -o $# -gt 3; then operror $*; fi
if !(test -f $2); then operror $*; fi
case $1$# in
-r3) operror $*;;
-n2) repnormpl $2 ${2%.cir}.ckt;;
-n3) repnormpl $2 $3;;
-r2) repnormpl $2 $2;;
-f2) keepall $2 ${2%.cir}.ckt;;
-f3) keepall $2 $3;;
-e2) withedit $2 ${2%.cir}.ckt;;
-e3) withedit $2 $3;;
esac
rm -f ${TMPLP}*
unset TMPLP
exit 0
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/inc_LSD.c 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000003064 11712022254 017777 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre /*
* MW. Include for spice - LSData functions
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include "datadef.h"
char *Message = "Michael Widlok, all rights reserved \n"
"mslib - MW include for Spice models/subckts\n";
/*
* Add or cretate new LS structure just after where pointer
*/
struct LSData *
LSinsert(struct LSData *LS, struct LSData *where)
{
if (!(LS))
{
LS = (struct LSData *) malloc(sizeof(struct LSData));
if (!(LS))
{
fprintf(stderr, "LSinsert: Can't allocate LSData srtucture.\n");
exit(FAILED);
}
LS->filedes = NULL;
}
/*
* If where is given we must set nextLS and prevLS correctly
*/
if (where)
{
LS->prevLS = where;
if (LS->nextLS = where->nextLS)
where->nextLS->prevLS = LS;
where->nextLS = LS;
} else
LS->nextLS = LS->prevLS = NULL;
return LS;
}
/*
* Clear all LS list from end. This also closes opened files
*/
struct LSData *
LSclear(struct LSData *LS)
{
while (LS->nextLS)
LS = LS->nextLS;
return Backfree(LS);
}
/*
* Used by LSclear
*/
struct LSData *
Backfree(struct LSData *LS)
{
if (LS->filedes)
fclose(LS->filedes);
return (LS->prevLS) ? Backfree(LS->prevLS) : free(LS), LS;
}
/*
* Check if sub/mod name should by included
*/
int
checkname(struct LSData *smp, char *name)
{
do
{
if (!(strcmp(smp->name, name)))
{
if (smp->flag != FINDED)
{
smp->flag = FINDED;
return NAMEVALID;
} else
{
smp->flag = DUPLICATE;
return NAMEVALID;
}
}
smp = smp->nextLS;
}
while (smp);
return NAMENOTV;
}
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/mslib_readme 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000003035 11712022254 020724 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre Mslib can create a small tmp library which can be .include to spice deck or
used as tmp file with libprm.
You invoke it like this: mslib deck_name [tmp_lib_name]. If second argument
is not given mslib uses deck_name.lib. Mslib then reads deck and looks for
special commands in it. This commands are:
*SUB name1 name2 ... - what subckts are used
*MOD name1 name2 ... - what models are used
*LIB name1 name2 ... - what libraries should be searched
You can give full path for libraries or just the name. Mslib tries to
find them in current directory and then in directory specified in datadef.h
file. There are also some other default options defined there. Check them
After all a tmp. library for the deck is created. It consist only the models
and subckts that were specified in *MOD and *SUB commands.
This is all.
Mslib is _NOT_ a good program. It should automatically recognize what models
or subckts were used and it should be written with flex or bison. Now it
just indicates what is my level of programming in C.
There are some options that You can set for mslib in datadef.h. I tried to
document all of them there, so when want to know more look to the sources.
And one more thing. There is a perl program "spiceprm" that lets You use
parameters in subckts. Many Intusoft's libraries use this feature. To use
parameters I have written a small shell script "libprm". This program
automatic runs spiceprm and mslib on Your's deck to give a working spice
input file. To see how this all works please read "libprm_readme" and
spiceprm readme.
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/inc_main.c 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000007401 11712022254 020300 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre /*
* MW. Include - main functions
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include "datadef.h"
struct LSData *firstLIB;
struct LSData *firstSUB;
struct LSData *firstMOD;
struct LSData *deck;
struct LSData *tmplib;
int bsize, bsizer;
char buf[BSIZE];
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
/*
* Initialize everything
*/
struct LSData *subp, *libp, *modp;
char tch[BSIZE];
int mswritten;
tmplib = LSinsert(NULL, NULL);
deck = LSinsert(NULL, NULL);
*tch = '\0';
mswritten = 0;
switch (argc)
{
case 3:
strcpy(tmplib->name, argv[--argc]);
strcpy(tch, tmplib->name);
case 2:
strcpy(deck->name, argv[--argc]);
if (!(*tch))
{
sprintf(tmplib->name, "%s%s", deck->name, TMPLIBNAME);
strcpy(tch, tmplib->name);
}
break;
case 1:
fprintf(stdout, "Usage: mslib deck [tmplib]\n");
return FAILED;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "mslib: Incorrect parameters count.\n");
return FAILED;
}
/*
* Open deck
*/
if (!(deck->filedes = fopen(deck->name, "r")))
{
sprintf(deck->name, "%s%s", DECKPATH, argv[1]);
sprintf(tmplib->name, "%s%s", DECKPATH, tch);
if (!(deck->filedes = fopen(deck->name, "r")))
{
fprintf(stderr, "mslib: Can't open deck %s.\n", deck->name);
LSclear(deck);
LSclear(tmplib);
return FAILED;
}
}
bsizer = BSIZE;
bsize = bsizer--;
deck->flag = DECK_OPEN;
/*
* Create tmplib and write first line to it
*/
if (!(tmplib->filedes = fopen(tmplib->name, "w")))
{
fprintf(stderr, "mslib: Can't creat tmplib %s.\n", tmplib->name);
LSclear(tmplib);
LSclear(deck);
return FAILED;
}
tmplib->flag = TLIB_OPEN;
fprintf(tmplib->filedes, "%s\n* Tmp library: %s,\n* For deck: %s.\n\n", \
LIBMESSAGE, tmplib->name, deck->name);
firstLIB = LSinsert(NULL, NULL);
firstSUB = LSinsert(NULL, NULL);
firstMOD = LSinsert(NULL, NULL);
/*
* Find commands in deck
*/
readdeck(deck->filedes, firstLIB, firstSUB, firstMOD);
if (firstLIB->flag = IS_LIB)
{
libp = firstLIB->nextLS;
do
{
if (!(libp->filedes = fopen(libp->name, "r")))
{
strcpy(tch, libp->name);
sprintf(libp->name, "%s%s", LIBPATH, tch);
if (!(libp->filedes = fopen(libp->name, "r")))
{
libp->flag = FAILED;
}
}
/*
* Read libraries if everything is OK
*/
if (libp->flag != FAILED)
{
libp->flag = LIB_OPEN;
modp = (firstMOD->flag == IS_MOD) ? firstMOD->nextLS : NULL;
subp = (firstSUB->flag == IS_SUB) ? firstSUB->nextLS : NULL;
mswritten += readlib(libp, tmplib->filedes, subp, modp);
}
libp = libp->nextLS;
}
while (libp);
}
fprintf(stdout, "mslib: Written %d items to tmplib %s.\n", \
mswritten, tmplib->name);
if (libp = firstLIB->nextLS)
{
do
{
if (libp->flag != LIB_OPEN)
fprintf(stderr, " Can't open lib %s.\n", libp->name);
libp = libp->nextLS;
}
while (libp);
}
/*
* Check is models or subckts were find and
* * are not duplicated
*/
if (modp = firstMOD->nextLS)
{
do
{
switch (modp->flag)
{
case DUPLICATE:
fprintf(stderr, " Model duplicated %s.\n", \
modp->name);
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, " Can't find model %s.\n", \
modp->name);
break;
case FINDED:
}
modp = modp->nextLS;
}
while (modp);
}
if (subp = firstSUB->nextLS)
{
do
{
switch (subp->flag)
{
case DUPLICATE:
fprintf(stderr, " Subckt duplicated %s.\n", \
subp->name);
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, " Can't find subckt %s.\n", \
subp->name);
break;
case FINDED:
}
subp = subp->nextLS;
}
while (subp);
}
/*
* Clear all data and close files
*/
LSclear(tmplib);
LSclear(deck);
LSclear(firstLIB);
LSclear(firstSUB);
return SUCCESS;
}
ngspice-24/contrib/mslib/inc_inp.c 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000007206 11712022254 020145 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre /*
* MW. Include for spice
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include "datadef.h"
static int whatdline(char *tbuf, char *firstname);
static int whatlline(char *tbuf, char *name);
extern int bsizer;
extern char buf[BSIZE];
/*
* Read deck and search for *MOD, *LIB, *SUB commands
*/
int
readdeck(FILE * tdeck, struct LSData *lib, \
struct LSData *sub, struct LSData *mod)
{
char firstname[BSIZE];
char *names, *smlp;
struct LSData *which;
while (fgets(buf, bsizer, tdeck))
{
smlp = buf;
/*
* Ignore control chars at the end of line
*/
do
{
smlp++;
}
while ((!(iscntrl(*smlp))) && (*smlp != '\0'));
*smlp = '\0';
switch (whatdline(buf, firstname))
{
case LIBDLINE:
lib->flag = IS_LIB;
which = lib;
break;
case SUBDLINE:
sub->flag = IS_SUB;
which = sub;
break;
case MODDLINE:
mod->flag = IS_MOD;
which = mod;
break;
default:
which = NULL;
}
/*
* If we finded something
*/
if (which)
{
names = buf;
strsep(&names, " ");
while (smlp = strsep(&names, " "))
{
if (*smlp)
{
which = LSinsert(NULL, which);
strcpy(which->name, smlp);
}
}
}
}
return ((lib->flag != IS_LIB) && (mod->flag != IS_MOD) \
&&(sub->flag != IS_SUB)) ? FAILED : SUCCESS;
}
/*
* Read library and write specififed models/subckts to tmplib
*/
int
readlib(struct LSData *lib, FILE * tlib, \
struct LSData *sub, struct LSData *mod)
{
char name[BSIZE];
int numi, wflag, nextsub;
numi = 0;
wflag = NOWRITE;
nextsub = 0;
while (fgets(buf, bsizer, lib->filedes))
{
/*
* Now we must check what line is it and if it should be written to tmplib
*/
switch (whatlline(buf, name))
{
case (MODLLINE):
if (wflag == WRITESUB)
fputs(buf, tlib);
else
{
if (mod)
{
if (checkname(mod, name))
{
wflag = WRITEMOD;
numi++;
fprintf(tlib, "* Model: %s, from: %s.\n", \
name, lib->name);
fputs(buf, tlib);
}
}
}
break;
case (SUBLLINE):
if (sub)
{
if (wflag==WRITESUB)
{
/* subckt inside subckt
not so funny */
nextsub++;
fputs(buf, tlib);
break;
}
if (checkname(sub, name))
{
wflag = WRITESUB;
numi++;
fprintf(tlib, "* Subckt: %s, from: %s.\n", \
name, lib->name);
fputs(buf, tlib);
}
}
break;
case (NORMLINE):
if (wflag == WRITEMOD)
{
wflag = NOWRITE;
fputs("\n* End Model.\n\n", tlib);
}
if (wflag == WRITESUB)
fputs(buf, tlib);
break;
case (ENDSLLINE):
if (nextsub)
{
nextsub--;
fputs(buf, tlib);
break;
} else {
if (wflag == WRITESUB)
{
fprintf(tlib, "%s\n* End Subckt\n\n", buf);
}
wflag = NOWRITE;
break;
}
case (CONTLLINE):
if (wflag != NOWRITE)
fputs(buf, tlib);
}
}
return numi;
}
/*
* Check what line in deck it is
*/
int
whatdline(char *tbuf, char *firstname)
{
if (sscanf(tbuf, "*LIB %s", firstname) == 1)
return LIBDLINE;
if (sscanf(tbuf, "*SUB %s", firstname) == 1)
return SUBDLINE;
if (sscanf(tbuf, "*MOD %s", firstname) == 1)
return MODDLINE;
return NORMLINE;
}
/*
* Check what line it is. If we have model or subckt line we also read its name
*/
int
whatlline(char *tbuf, char *name)
{
if (sscanf(tbuf, ".SUBCKT %s %*s", name) == 1)
return SUBLLINE;
if (sscanf(tbuf, ".MODEL %s %*s", name) == 1)
return MODLLINE;
if (sscanf(tbuf, ".ENDS%c", name) == 1)
return ENDSLLINE;
if (sscanf(tbuf, "+%s", name) == 1)
return CONTLLINE;
return NORMLINE;
}
ngspice-24/contrib/ChangeLog 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000606 11712022254 017023 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre 2000-10-10 Arno W. Peters
* mslib, spiceprm: Michael Widlok released new version of his
programs.
2000-03-22 Paolo Nenzi
* mslib: Major update. M. Widlok sent the new version of it's
programs.
* spiceprm: Major update. See above line.
1999-09-14 Arno W. Peters
* mslib: Added.
* spiceprm: Added.
ngspice-24/doc/ 0000755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11712022254 014354 5 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ngspice-24/doc/version.texi 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000137 11712022254 016735 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre @set UPDATED 25 November 2008
@set UPDATED-MONTH November 2008
@set EDITION 20
@set VERSION 20
ngspice-24/doc/.cvsignore 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000360 11712022254 016353 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre Makefile.in
Makefile
ngspice.info*
ngspice.ps
ngspice.pdf
ngspice.vrs
ngspice.fns
ngspice.toc
ngspice.pg
ngspice.ky
ngspice.tp
ngspice.vr
ngspice.fn
ngspice.cp
ngspice.aux
ngspice.dvi
ngspice.log
texinfo.tex
mdate-sh
stamp-vti
version.texi
ngspice-24/doc/Makefile.am 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000001077 11712022254 016415 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ## Process this file with automake to produce Makefile.in
EXTRA_DIST = ngspice.ps ngspice.pdf
info_TEXINFOS = ngspice.texi
CLEANFILES = *.fns *.pg *.tp *.aux *.cp *.ky *.vr *.fn *.log *.toc *.vrs
DISTCLEANFILES = $(CLEANFILES) *.ps *.dvi *.info*
MAINTAINERCLEANFILES = $(DISTCLEANFILES) Makefile.in
# This adds the root directory of the ngspice source distribution
# to be included in the search path for includes in the ngspice.texi file
# (which is necessary for the AUTHORS file to be found)
AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS = -I $(top_srcdir)
TEXI2DVI = texi2dvi -I $(top_srcdir)
ngspice-24/doc/ngspice.texi 0000644 0001750 0001750 00001617704 11712022254 016717 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
@c $Id$
@c %**start of header
@setfilename ngspice.info
@include version.texi
@format
INFO-DIR-SECTION Simulation
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* Ngspice: (ngspice). General-purpose circuit simulation program for
nonlinear dc, nonlinear transient, and linear
ac analyses
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
@end format
@settitle NGSPICE User Manual
@setchapternewpage odd
@c %**end of header
@c Summary Description and Copyright
@copying
Copyright 1996 The Regents of the University of California.
@quotation
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
documentation for educational, research and non-profit purposes,
without fee, and without a written agreement is hereby granted,
provided that the above copyright notice, this paragraph and the
following three paragraphs appear in all copies.
This software program and documentation are copyrighted by The Regents
of the University of California. The software program and
documentation are supplied "as is", without any accompanying services
from The Regents. The Regents does not warrant that the operation of
the program will be uninterrupted or error-free. The end-user
understands that the program was developed for research purposes and
is advised not to rely exclusively on the program for any reason.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY
FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,
INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND
ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. THE UNIVERSITY OF
CALIFORNIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS"
BASIS, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS NO OBLIGATIONS TO PROVIDE
MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
@end quotation
@end copying
@c Titlepage, Contents, Copyright and Contents
@titlepage
@title NGSPICE User Manual
@subtitle Describes ngspice-rework-@value{VERSION}
@subtitle Draft Version 0.2
@author Many Authors
@c The following two commands start the copyright page.
@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
@insertcopying
@end titlepage
@c Output the table of contents at the begining
@contents
@c 'Top' Node and master menu
@ifnottex
@node Top, Preface, (dir), (dir)
@top NGSpice User Manual
This manual describes the mixed level simulator NGspice
and applies to the version called Rework @value{VERSION}.
@insertcopying
@end ifnottex
@menu
* Preface:: Some words about this manual.
* Acknowledgements:: Almost all the people who contributed
to NGSPICE development.
* Release Notes:: Release notes for the NGSPICE simulator
* Introduction:: Description of NGSPICE. Try to answer
the question: What NGSPICE is ?
* NGSPICE Compilation:: How to compile NGSPICE.
* Supported Analyses:: Describes supported analyses and introduces
some convergence issues.
* Circuit Description:: How to input a circuit to the simulator.
* Circuit Elements and Models:: Description and use of the devices models
built into NGSPICE.
* Analyses and Output Control:: How to run analyses and check the results.
* Interactive Interpreter:: The commands recognized by the NGSPICE
interactive frontend.
* Bibliography:: A small bibliography.
* Example Circuits:: Some examples.
* Model and Device Parameters:: Equations that makes the models and parameters.
@end menu
@c Body of the Document
@node Preface, Acknowledgements, Top, Top
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@chapter Preface
The NGSPICE user's manual is based on the text file included in the Spice3f
source package. The original text has been converted to @TeX{}Info format by
Emmanuel Rouat and Arno W. Peters.
The original text has been modified and extended to reflect the changes
between plain Spice3f5 and NGSPICE. Some of the "changes" comes from the
HTML documentation Charles D.H. Williams has written and published on his web
site.
This manual covers the double role of being an introductory text for the
novice user who wants to learn how to use spice (and thus NGSPICE), and a
reference text for the expert who wants to identify the differences between
the original spice3f code (sometimes referred as the Berkeley's Spice) and
the NGSPICE code.
Since NGSPICE is an Open Source software, one chapter describing program
compilation and compilation options have been added to the original
text. Since its birth, spice3f had many compilation switches that
enabled/disabled some features considered experimental or troublesome. In a
"perfect world", most of these switches would be implemented as runtime
options, thus allowing users to activate/deactivate the features they want
without recompiling the source. Anyway time is never sufficient to implement
all the features and, in the end, this is not a "perfect world".
Trying to keep a record of the "long" history of this piece of software,
an entire chapter has been dedicated to the description of the patches
publicly made available in the past years through USENET newsgroups.
As always, errors, omissions and unreadable phrases are only my fault.
@flushright
@email{p.nenzi@@ieee.org, Paolo Nenzi}
Roma, March 24th 2001
@end flushright
@flushright
@quotation
Indeed. At the end of the day, this is engineering, and one learns to live
within the limitations of the tools.
@email{kevin@@anasoft.co.uk, Kevin Aylward} , Warden of the Kings Ale
@end quotation
@end flushright
@node Acknowledgements, Release Notes, Preface, Top
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@chapter Acknowledgements
@c Include the AUTHORS file from the top directory
@c include @value{top_srcdir}/AUTHORS
@include AUTHORS
@node Release Notes, Introduction, Acknowledgements, Top
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@chapter Release Notes
@noindent
@sc{NGSPICE rework-14 release} (released on December 10th, 2001):
@example
This release fixes most of the bugs that appeared in rework-13.
Some leaks in the frontend have been closed.
GNU Autoconf interface cleaned (better support for getopt).
Better error reporting (thanks to Charles Williams "CDHW").
Added mesa tests (macspice3f4).
Added support for ekv model (not source code).
The Rawfile format changed again removing "Probe" compatibility code.
@end example
@noindent
@sc{NGSPICE rework-13 release} (released on November 5th, 2000):
@example
This is a major release in terms of fixes and enhancements.
A garbage collector support has been added. If the configuration
script detects that you have installed GC (Bohem-Weiser conservative
garbage collector), it will use it.
Some memory leaks have been fixed too.
Enhancements to the code comes from Alan's (Gillespie) contribute
code, a description of improvements follows (extracted form
Alan's mail):
* Output File Format Changes -
Text mode .OP results even though "rawfile" written.
Internal device nodes are not saved to "rawfile" (reduces file
size). Optionally, these internal nodes can be replaced by device
currents and saved.
* DC Convergence Enhancements -
"Source-Stepping" algorithm modified with a "Dynamic" step size.
After each successful step, the node voltages are saved, the
source-factor is increased by the step-factor, and the step-factor
is increased (for the next step). If the step fails, i.e. the
circuit does not converge, the source-factor is set to the value
from the previous successful step, the previously stored node
voltages are restored, the step-factor is reduced, the source factor
is increased by this smaller step-factor, and convergence is
attempted again.
Same thing done for "Gmin-stepping" algorithm.
"Gshunt" option added. This sets the "diagGmin" variable used
in the gmin-stepping algorithm to a non-zero value for the final
solution. (Normally this is set to zero for the final solution).
This helps for circuits with floating nodes (and for some others too).
The Gmin implementation across the substrate diodes of MOS1, MOS2,
MOS3, MOS6 and BSIM3 devices, and across BJT base-emitter and
base-collector diodes, was incorrect. Correcting this dramatically
improved DC convergence. (I think this also effects BSIM1 and 2 but
I haven't fixed them yet! ).
The gm, gmb and gds calculations in the MOS3 model were all wrong.
The device equations were fixed, leading to much improved convergence.
The Vcrit value used for diode voltage limiting was calculated without
taking into account the device area (and in some cases without using
the temperature corrected saturation current). This could cause floating
point overflows, especially in device models designed to be scaled by a
small area, e.g. 2u by 2u diodes (area=4e-12). This is now fixed for
Diode, BJT, MOS1, MOS2, and MOS3 models.
The diode voltage limiting was modified to add negative voltage
limiting. Negative diode voltages are now limited to 3*Vdp-10, where
Vdp is the voltage from the previous iteration. If Vdp is positive,
then the voltage is limited to -10V. This prevents some more floating
point overflows. (Actually, I'm still playing with the best values for
this).
The Spice3 "fix" for the MOS3 gds discontinuity between the linear and
saturated regions only works if the VMAX parameter is non-zero. A
"tweak" has been added for the VMAX=0 case.
* Transient Convergence Enhancements -
Temperature correction of various diode capacitances was implemented
slightly incorrectly, leading to capacitance discontinuities in
simulations at temperatures other than nominal. This affected the
Diode and MOS3 models.
A mistake in the implementation of the MOS3 source-bulk capacitance
model resulted in a charge storage discontinuity. This has been fixed.
The level 2 MOSFET model seems to calculate Von and Vth values for the
threshold and subthreshold values respectively, but then uses Vbin to
calculate the Vdsat voltage used to find the drain current. However, a
jump statement uses Von to decide that the device is in the "cutoff"
region, which means that when this jump allows the drain current to be
calculated, Vdsat can already be well above zero. This leads to a
discontinuity of drain current with respect to gate voltage. The code
is now modified to use Vbin for the jump decision. It looks like the
code should actually use Vth as the threshold voltage, but since other
SPICE simulators follow the original Berkeley code, this was left alone.
* New Model Parameters -
A device multiplier instance parameter "M" (i.e. M devices in parallel)
was added to the MOS1,2,3 and BSIM3 mosfet models.
* Input Read-in and Checking -
Numbers beginning with a "+" sign got the input routine confused.
Fixed now.
Attempts to nodeset (or .IC) non-existent nodes are flagged with
a warning.
PWL statements on Voltage or Current sources are now checked for
"non-increasing" time-points at the start of the simulation.
Previously each time-point was checked as it was reached during
the simulation, which could be very annoying if you made a mistake
which caused the simulation to fail after hours of run-time.
A check which was performed at the end of each sub-circuit
expansion was moved to the top level. This check makes sure that
all sub-circuits have been defined, but in its original position,
it meant that if a sub-circuit included ANY .MODEL statements at all,
then ALL the models called in that sub-circuit must also be defined
within that sub-circuit. Now SPICE behaves as expected, i.e. a
subcircuit may define its own models, but may also use models defined
at any level above.
* Miscellaneous Fixes/Enhancements -
MOS devices reported only half of the Meyer capacitances, and did
not include overlap capacitances, when reporting to the .OP printout,
or when storing device capacitances to the "rawfile".
The ideal switch devices had no time-step control to stop their
controlling voltages/currents overshooting the switching thresholds.
The time-step control has been modified to use the last two time
points to estimate if the next one will move the controlling
voltage/current past a switching threshold. If this looks likely,
then the time-step is reduced.
The "rawfile" writing routines have been modified to print the
"reference value" to the console during the simulation. This lets
the user see exactly how far and how fast the simulation is proceeding.
.OP printout tidied up a lot to make the printout clearer.
Analysis order changed to fix a "feature" where, if you ask for a
.OP and a .TRAN in the same simulation, the node voltages printed out
correspond to the .OP, but the device data was from the last timepoint
of the .TRAN.
@end example
@noindent
@sc{NGSPICE rework-12 release} (released on August 26th, 2000):
@example
Arno did a great work this summer!
This release consists of his work. The pole-zero analysis has been
corrected. The error was introduced in an attempt to eliminate compiler
warnings.
The source has been reworked and info file have been updated.
As you may see, a new dir called "spicelib" has been created, another
step toward the separation of the simulator from the frontend.
@end example
@noindent
@sc{NGSPICE rework-11 release} (released on May 28th, 2000):
@example
The code has been cleaned, the resistance code for ac parameter
has been modified to conform to Spice3 parameter parsing.
A new step function has been introduced (u2).
Updated documentation to reflect changes.
@end example
@noindent
@sc{NGSPICE rework-10 release} (released on April 5th, 2000):
@example
All devices are compiled as shared libraries (ld.so).
There is an initial support for the BSIM4 model. This release
is to be considered as baseline for the project.
There are still some harmless bugs in the resistor code.
@end example
Release notes for older NGSPICE release are not available. For historical
purpose only the following release notes, pertaining to the original Spice3
code have been included into this manual. They have been copied from
"SPICE 3 Version 3f5 User's Manual":
Spice3f is the six major release of Spice3. This release incorporates
new features not available in Spice 3c or 3d, as well as several
performance improvements. All of the feature described here are believed
to be fully functional. The development of SPICE is ongoing at Berkeley,
and therefore not all of the intended capabilities have been implemented
in full yet.
@noindent
@sc{Bugs in 3f2 fixed in 3f3:}
@example
Ascii (printer) plots in spice3f2 did not print bode plots vs log of the
frequency by default, as in spice2.
You had to explicitly request the x-axis to be log; either "@command{plot
vdb(2) xlog}" (best) or "@command{plot vdb(2) vs log10(frequency)}" will
do. Now, simply "@command{plot vdb(2)}" will work.
The on-line documentation has been brought up to date by converting this
manual into a format readable on-line.
Significant problems with AC sensitivities in 3f2 only have been fixed.
Multiple analyses and plots in spice2 emulation mode under 3f2 and
earlier generated misleading error messages. This no longer happens
in 3f3.
@end example
@noindent
@sc{New features and bug fixes incorporated in spice3f}
(the current release of Spice3):
@example
Sensitivity analysis
Added a parameter for fitting JFET models (parameter "@code{B}").
Fixed a discontinuity problem in MOS level 3 (related to the
"@code{kappa}" parameter). Working "@command{alter}" command.
Improved "@command{show}" and "@command{showmod}" commands for operating points
summary tables (like Spice2).
Working "@command{trace}" command.
Interactive "@command{set}" variable values now the same as
"@code{.options}" settings.
Improved plotting, including implicitly transforming data for smith
plots.
Added function "@code{deriv()}" (derivative) to the front-end.
Corrected an error affecting the specified initial conditions for
some circuits.
Miscellaneous bug fixes in the front-end.
@end example
@noindent
@sc{New feature and bugs fixes incorporated in Spice3e}
(the @emph{previous} release of Spice3):
@example
Lossy Transmission lines.
Proper calculation of sheet resistance in the MOS models.
A new command ("@command{where}") to aid in debugging troublesome
circuits.
Smith-chart plots working (see the "@command{plot}" command).
Arbitrary sources in subcircuits handled correctly.
Arbitrary source reciprocal calculations and DC biasing fixed.
Minor bug-fixes to the Pole-Zero analysis.
Miscellaneous bug fixes in the front end.
@end example
@noindent
@sc{Some common problems remaining in Spice3f}
(note that this list is not complete):
@example
Models defined within subcircuits are not always handled correctly.
If you have trouble, move the model definition outside of "@code{.subckt}"
and "@code{.ends}" lines.
Batch run data is not compacted if a "rawspice" data file is generated,
resulting in excessively large output files for some difficult inputs.
Sufficient detail is sometimes not preserved in transient analysis.
Providing a small value for the "@code{TMAX}" parameter (the fourth
argument) in the transient run command will solve this problem.
Convergence problems can sometimes be worked around by relaxing the
transient "@code{TMAX}" parameter.
The substrate node of the bipolar transistor (BJT) is modelled
incorrectly (this may actually be due to inherent numerical problems
with the model). Do not use substrate node; use a semiconductor
capacitor to model substrate effects.
Charge is not conserved in MOS devices based on the Meyer model.
Transient simulation of strictly resistive circuits (typical for
first runs or tests) allow a time step the is too large (e.g. a
sinusoidal source driving a resistor). There is no integration
error to restrict the time step. Use the "@code{TMAX}" parameter or
include reactive elements.
Deep nesting of subcircuits may exceed internal static buffers.
The PZ analysis can not be interrupted; the sensitivity analysis
can not be continued (the interactive "@command{resume}" command) once
interrupted.
There are many other small bugs, particularly in the front end.
@end example
@section Reporting a bug
Berkeley does not provide support anymore for Spice3, if you need
some kind of help you can
@node Introduction, NGSPICE Compilation, Release Notes, Top
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@chapter Introduction
NGSPICE is a general-purpose circuit simulation program for nonlinear
dc, nonlinear transient, and linear ac analyses. Circuits may contain
resistors, capacitors, inductors, mutual inductors, independent
voltage and current sources, four types of dependent sources, lossless
and lossy transmission lines (two separate implementations), switches,
uniform distributed RC lines, and the five most common semiconductor
devices: diodes, BJTs, JFETs, MESFETs, and MOSFETs.
NGSPICE is a continuation of Spice3f5, the last Berkeley's release of
Spice3 simulator family. NGSPICE is being developed to include new
features to existing Spice3f5 and to fix its bugs. Improving a circuit
simulator is a very hard task and, while some improvements have been
ported, most of the job has been done on bug fixing and code refactoring.
NGSPICE has built-in models for the semiconductor devices, and the user
need specify only the pertinent model parameter values.
There are two models for BJT both based on the integral-charge model of Gummel
and Poon; however, if the Gummel-Poon parameters are not specified, the
model reduces to the simpler Ebers-Moll model. In either case and in either
models, charge storage effects, ohmic resistances, and a current-dependent
output conductance may be included. The second BJT model BJT2 adds dc current
computation in the substrate diode @emph{but is not fully implemented as of
ngspice-rework-15}. The semiconductor diode model can be used for either
junction diodes or Schottky barrier diodes. There are two models for JFET:
the first (JFET) is based on the model of Shichman and Hodges, the second
(JFET2) is based on the Parker-Skellern model.
All the original six MOSFET models are implemented: MOS1 is described by a
square-law I-V characteristic, MOS2 [1] is an analytical model, while MOS3
[1] is a semi-empirical model; MOS6 [2] is a simple analytic model accurate
in the shortchannel region; MOS4 [3, 4] and MOS5 [5] are the BSIM (Berkeley
Short-channel IGFET Model) and BSIM2. MOS2, MOS3, and MOS4 include
second-order effects such as channel-length modulation, subthreshold
conduction, scattering-limited velocity saturation, small-size effects, and
charge controlled capacitances. Other MOS model have been implemented, like
the new BSIM3 and BSIM4 models, the SOI models from the BSIMSOI family and
the STAG one. There is partial support for a couple of HFET models and one
model for MESA devices.
Since the rework-15 release, NGSPICE includes CIDER, a mixed-level
circuit and device simulator that provides a direct link between
technology parameters and circuit performance.
A mixed-level circuit and device simulator can provide greater
simulation accuracy than a stand-alone circuit or device simulator
by numerically modelling the critical devices in a circuit. Compact
models can be used for noncritical devices.
CIDER couples Spice (version3) to an internal C-based device simulator,
DSIM. Spice3 provides circuit analyses, compact models for semiconductor
devices, and an interactive user interface. DSIM provides accurate, one-
and two-dimensional numerical device models based on the solution of
Poisson's equation, and the electron and hole current-continuity equations.
DSIM incorporates many of the same basic physical models found in the
Stanford two-dimensional device simulator PISCES. Input to CIDER consists
of a SPICE-like description of the circuit and its compact models, and
PISCES-like descriptions of the structures of numerically modeled devices.
As a result, CIDER should seem familiar to designers already accustomed to
these two tools.
CIDER is based on the mixed-level circuit and device simulator CODECS,
and is a replacement for this program. The basic algorithms of the two
programs are the same. Some of the differences between CIDER and
CODECS are described below. The CIDER input format has greater flexibility
and allows increased access to physical model parameters.
New physical models have been added to allow simulation of state-of-the-art
devices. These include transverse field mobility degradation important
in scaled-down MOSFETs and a polysilicon model for poly-emitter
bipolar transistors. Temperature dependence has been included over
the range from -50C to 150C. The numerical models can be used to
simulate all the basic types of semiconductor devices: resistors, MOS
capacitors, diodes, BJTs, JFETs and MOSFETs. BJTs and JFETs can be
modelled with or without a substrate contact. Support has been added
for the management of device internal states. Post-processing of
device states can be performed using the NUTMEG user interface of Spice3.
Previously computed states can be loaded into the program to provide
accurate initial guesses for subsequent analyses. Finally, numerous small
bugs have been discovered and fixed, and the program has been ported to a
wider variety of computing platforms.
@node NGSPICE Compilation, Supported Analyses, Introduction, Top
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@chapter NGSPICE Compilation
@menu
* Extracting the archive::
* Configuring NGSPICE::
* Compiling NGSPICE::
* Supported systems::
* Platform specific issues::
@end menu
NGSPICE is an Open Source project (and software), this means that its source
code is available to the end user. Well, to be honest, the source code is the
only thing available to the user. This chapter briefly describes how to
deal with this rather complex package.
@node Extracting the archive, Configuring NGSPICE, NGSPICE Compilation, NGSPICE Compilation
@section Extracting the archive
NGSPICE is released as "gzipped tarball". The source tree is archived with the
@command{tar} command and the result compressed with @command{gzip}. Since
the development of the NGSPICE is carried on UNIX (mainly), all the files
have the "line feed" character as newline character and this may cause
problems when working in non UNIX environments (like DOS). If you are going
to extract NGSPICE on system that use different newline character, you
will have to convert the files with some utility.
To extract the NGSPICE archive you need the @command{tar} archiver and
@command{gzip} compression utility:
@example
pnenzi@@janus:~$ gzip -d ngspice-rework-15.tar.gz
pnenzi@@janus:~$ tar -xvf ngspice-rework-15.tar
@end example
Once extracted, you have to enter the source tree (just @command{cd} into the
top level directory).
@node Configuring NGSPICE, Compiling NGSPICE, Extracting the archive, NGSPICE Compilation
@section Configuring NGSPICE
Now that you have extracted all the files, you need to give values to compile
time variables and set the correct paths for libraries and include file. If
you have compiled other programs released in source form, you have probably
already faced the @emph{GNU Autoconf} system. If you already know what
Autoconf is and how it works, you can safely skip the next paragraph.
GNU Autoconf is a package that automates the task of configuring source
code packages. Configuring a source code package means assigning desired
values to compile-time variables, something known as "customization", and
look at functions, libraries available on the host system to produce the
makefiles needed for compilation. As said, this is a very brief introduction
to the Autoconf package, if you want to know more, look at its documentation.
NGSPICE uses @emph{GNU Autoconf} configuration tool. To configure the
package type: @command{./configure --help} on the command prompt. The
list of available options will be shown. The list comprises "standard" options
(the one every Autoconf package has) and options specific to the NGSPICE
package. This chapter deals with the latter only, sending back the reader to
the GNU Autoconf documentation for the former.
The options specific to NGSPICE are:
@itemize @bullet
@item @command{--enable-numaparam}: Preliminary support for parameters expansion
in netlists. Numparam is a library that attach itself to a single point
in NGSPICE code and comes with its own documentation. Before using this
library you should look at library's documentation in @file{src/frontend/numaparam}
directory.
@item @command{--enable-ftedebug}: This switch enables the code for debugging
the NGSPICE frontend. Developers who wish to mess with the frontend
should enable it (and set to @code{TRUE} the "debug" option). The
casual user has no gain in enabling this option.
@item @command{--enable-ansi}: This switch forces @code{-ansi} option of the
for compilation. This is interesting only to developers cleaning the
NGSPICE code. Nore real use for the user.
@item @command{--enable-debug}: Add @code{-g} option for compilation. This
options is enabled by default and should not be disabled since
debugging tools relies on it.
@item @command{--enable-checkergcc}: When enabled, NGSPICE will use the
@emph{Checker} package. Checker tracks down memory errors at runtime.
Again, this is useless for users.
@item @command{--enable-gc}: When enabled, NGSPICE will use the Boehm-Weiser
Conservative Garbage Collector. The garbage collector library is not
provided with NGSPICE, you must download and install it separately. Most
distributions provide a binary package of this library.
@item @command{--enable-nosqrt}: When enabled, the faster code using SQRT in
charge/capacitance calculations of bulk diodes, when the grading
coefficients have a vaule of .5, is switched off. I think there is
no need to enable it.
@item @command{--enable-nobypass}: When enabled the bypass code is not
compiled in. Once enabled NGSPICE does not contain the code to bypass
recalculations of slowly changing variables. It is advisable to leave
this disabled since the bypass code does is used only if the "bypass"
option is set to @code{TRUE} at runtime.
@item @command{--enable-capbypass}: When enabled the calculation of cbd/cbs
in the mosfets is bypassed ifvbs/vbd voltages were unchanged. Better
do not enable it if you are not sure of its implications.
@item @command{--enable-capzerobypass}: When enabled all the calculations
cbd/cbs calculations if Czero is zero. It is safe to enable this
feature.
@item @command{--enable-nodelimiting}: Enable some experimental code that
was intended to do Newton damping by nodes, rather than by branches
as is currently done. The flag just turns off the branch limiting code
in a couple of mosfets. Obviously, do not enable this if you are not
working with the limiting code.
@item @command{--enable-predictor}: When this feature is enabled, NGSPICE
(like the orignal Spice3f) uses a predictor-corrector method for
the numerical integration package. This feature has never been tested
too much, so enabling it is NOT considered safe.
@item @command{--enable-newtrunc}: When enabled, some unfinished (?) code to
do truncation error timestep control on node voltages (rather than on
charge in the devices) is activated. Casual users should not enable it.
@item @command{--enable-sense2}: Use spice2 sensitivity analysis.
@item @command{--enable-sensdebug}: Enables debug switch for sensitivity code.
@item @command{--enable-intnoise}: If enabed, noise analysis produces an
additional plot: the integrated noise. Users should always enable this.
@item @command{--enable-smoketest}: Enables some very restrictive compilation
flags. Useful only in development phase and, if enabled, probably
NGSPICE does not compile.
@item @command{--enable-experimental}: It is possible that some untested code
is included in stable releases. If you want to experiment with new
untested features, enable this option.
@item @command{--enable-ekv}: EKV is a device model not released in source
code form. If you have obtained the source code, you have to enable
this to have it compiled into NGSPICE.
@item @command{--with-readline}: This option enables GNU Readline on NGSPICE.
Since NGSPICE license is incompatible with GPL (which covers Readline
library), the code is not included compiled into NGSPICE by default.
@end itemize
@sc{Caveat Emptor}:
NGSPICE, like its father Spice3f5 cannot be considered a "black box", it is a
complex numerical software whose stability and correctness depends on many
parameters. Be sure to understand well what you enable/disable otherwise your
simulations may converge to a wrong value or do not converge at all.
Once chosen the options to enable/disable, you will have to issue the
@command{configure} command followed by the options you choose, like:
@command{configure --enable-intnoise --enable-nobypass --enable-capzerobypass}
If all goes well, all makefiles will be generated and the package is ready
to be compiled.
@node Compiling NGSPICE, Supported systems, Configuring NGSPICE, NGSPICE Compilation
@section Compiling NGSPICE
The reference platform for NGSPICE is a Linux system with glibc2 ang gcc
(2.95 o newer) running on the i386 architecture. If you have such a system
you can pretty sure that NGSPICE will compile correctly.
Once configured, to compile NGSPICE @command{cd} into the top level directory
(if you moved from it after configuration) and issue the @command{make}. If
you have a multi-processor machine, you can add @option{-j3} to speed up
compilation.
NGSPICE compilation takes several minutes on an average machine, enough to
let you have a lunch. Once NGSPICE has been compiled, you have to install it
issuing the command @command{make install}. NGSPICE will be installed under
@file{/usr/local/}.
@node Supported systems, Platform specific issues, Compiling NGSPICE, NGSPICE Compilation
@section Supported systems
NGSPICE development is carried on Linux on the i386 processor architecture.
Compiling it under different UNIX systems should require only trivial
changes, since most of the issues will be resolved by Autoconf. Compiling
under non UNIX OSes may require major changes, since Autoconf and other
UNIX tools may not be available on those environments.
In the past, NGSPICE have been ported to some OSes, the table below shows
the port I am aware of:
@sc{NetBSD}
@email{mcmahill@@mtl.mit.edu, Dan McMahill} has ported NGSPICE
(starting from rework-13) on NetBSD systems. Dan maintains a NetBSD package
for NGSPICE available at
@url{ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/pkgsrc/cad/ng-spice/README.html} .
@sc{Solaris 7}
@email{skod@@ises-llc.com, Scott Griffith} has compiled ngspice rework-12 on
Solaris 7 with gcc (verion 2.95.1). Some changes to the source code were
needed:
@quotation
Notes on compilation on SUN Solaris (extracted from Scott's email):
Solaris lacks some of the functions needed by ngspice. You have to
copy them from other GNU tools.
(Scott defines the following changes "some of the usual workarounds")
@itemize @bullet
@item Copy @file{getopt.c}, @file{getopt1.c} and @file{asprintf.c} from
other GNU tools into the misc directory of the ngspice tree and
modify the Makefiles accordingly.
@item Change @file{src/maths/cmaths/test_cx_ph.c} to
@code{#include }, because that gave me a compiler
error on @code{DBL_EPSILON}.
@end itemize
@end quotation
@sc{Windows}
@email{holger.vogt@@uni-duisburg.de, Holger Vogt} has ported NGSPICE
(from rework-14 release) to the Windows Operating System. His port relies
only on DLLs coming with Windows.
As of Rework-16 the Windows port is integrated as part of ngspice. It can be
build under @url{http://www.cygwin.com/,,Cygwin} or @url{http://www.mingw.org/,,MinGW}.
The situation of NGSPICE ports is evolving continually, the one above are the
only I (Paolo Nenzi) am aware of. I know that there is a intent to port
NGSPICE to FreeBSD but do not know its status.
This section will be updated in the future.
@node Platform specific issues, , Supported systems, NGSPICE Compilation
@section Platform specific issues
NGSPICE heavily relies on the floating point representation. On the i386
architecture, the floating point implementation can cause problems to
numerical software like NGSPICE. Intel i386 and later processors have
80-bit wide floating point registers in their FPU. This width is referred
ad @emph{extended double} precision and all the calculation are done,
internally, at that precision. Externally, the result can be used as is or
rounded to @emph{double} precision as defined in the IEEE754 standard for
floating point, so there are two modes of operation and the choice is left
to the operating system. FreeBSD developers decided that the FPU had to
provide results conforming to IEEE745, while Linux ones decided to take
advantage of the extended precision.
This different choice lead to slightly different results when running the
same simulation on different operating systems. Catastrophic discrepancies
arise on badly written software.
@node Supported Analyses, Circuit Description, NGSPICE Compilation, Top
@chapter Supported Analyses
This chapter introduces the analyses available in NGSPICE.
@menu
* Types of Analysis::
* Analysis at Different Temperatures::
* Convergence::
@end menu
@node Types of Analysis, Analysis at Different Temperatures, Supported Analyses, Supported Analyses
@section Types of Analysis
@menu
* DC Analysis::
* AC Small-Signal Analysis::
* Transient Analysis::
* Pole-Zero Analysis::
* Small-Signal Distortion Analysis::
* Sensitivity Analysis::
* Noise Analysis::
@end menu
@node DC Analysis, AC Small-Signal Analysis, Types of Analysis, Types of Analysis
@subsection DC Analysis
The dc analysis portion of NGSPICE determines the dc operating point of
the circuit with inductors shorted and capacitors opened. The dc
analysis options are specified on the @code{.DC}, @code{.TF}, and @code{.OP}
control lines.A dc analysis is automatically performed prior to a transient
analysis to determine the transient initial conditions, and prior to an ac
small-signal analysis to determine the linearized, small-signal models
for nonlinear devices. If requested, the dc small-signal value of a
transfer function (ratio of output variable to input source), input
resistance, and output resistance is also computed as a part of the dc
solution. The dc analysis can also be used to generate dc transfer
curves: a specified independent voltage, current source, resistor or
temperature is stepped over a user-specified range and the dc output
variables are stored for each sequential source value.
Temperature (@code{TEMP}) and resistance sweeps have been introduced
in NGSPICE, they were not available in the original code of Spice3f5.
@node AC Small-Signal Analysis, Transient Analysis, DC Analysis, Types of Analysis
@subsection AC Small-Signal Analysis
The ac small-signal portion of NGSPICE computes the ac output variables
as a function of frequency. The program first computes the dc
operating point of the circuit and determines linearized, small-signal
models for all of the nonlinear devices in the circuit. The resultant
linear circuit is then analyzed over a user-specified range of
frequencies. The desired output of an ac small-signal analysis is
usually a transfer function (voltage gain, transimpedance, etc). If
the circuit has only one ac input, it is convenient to set that input
to unity and zero phase, so that output variables have the same value
as the transfer function of the output variable with respect to the
input.
@node Transient Analysis, Pole-Zero Analysis, AC Small-Signal Analysis, Types of Analysis
@subsection Transient Analysis
The transient analysis portion of NGSPICE computes the transient output
variables as a function of time over a user-specified time interval.
The initial conditions are automatically determined by a dc analysis.
All sources which are not time dependent (for example, power supplies)
are set to their dc value. The transient time interval is specified
on a @code{.TRAN} control line.
@node Pole-Zero Analysis, Small-Signal Distortion Analysis, Transient Analysis, Types of Analysis
@subsection Pole-Zero Analysis
The pole-zero analysis portion of NGSPICE computes the poles and/or
zeros in the small-signal ac transfer function. The program first
computes the dc operating point and then determines the linearized,
small-signal models for all the nonlinear devices in the circuit.
This circuit is then used to find the poles and zeros of the transfer
function.
Two types of transfer functions are allowed: one of the form (output
voltage)/(input voltage) and the other of the form (output
voltage)/(input current). These two types of transfer functions cover
all the cases and one can find the poles/zeros of functions like
input/output impedance and voltage gain. The input and output ports
are specified as two pairs of nodes.
The pole-zero analysis works with resistors, capacitors, inductors,
linear-controlled sources, independent sources, BJTs, MOSFETs, JFETs
and diodes. Transmission lines are not supported.
The method used in the analysis is a sub-optimal numerical search.
For large circuits it may take a considerable time or fail to find all
poles and zeros. For some circuits, the method becomes "lost" and
finds an excessive number of poles or zeros.
@node Small-Signal Distortion Analysis, Sensitivity Analysis, Pole-Zero Analysis, Types of Analysis
@subsection Small-Signal Distortion Analysis
The distortion analysis portion of NGSPICE computes steady-state
harmonic and intermodulation products for small input signal
magnitudes. If signals of a single frequency are specified as the
input to the circuit, the complex values of the second and third
harmonics are determined at every point in the circuit. If there are
signals of two frequencies input to the circuit, the analysis finds
out the complex values of the circuit variables at the sum and
difference of the input frequencies, and at the difference of the
smaller frequency from the second harmonic of the larger frequency.
Distortion analysis is supported for the following nonlinear devices:
diodes (DIO), BJT, JFET, MOSFETs (levels 1, 2, 3, 4/BSIM1, 5/BSIM2,
and 6) and MESFETS. All linear devices are automatically supported by
distortion analysis. If there are switches present in the circuit,
the analysis continues to be accurate provided the switches do not
change state under the small excitations used for distortion
calculations.
@node Sensitivity Analysis, Noise Analysis, Small-Signal Distortion Analysis, Types of Analysis
@subsection Sensitivity Analysis
NGSPICE will calculate either the DC operating-point sensitivity or the
AC small-signal sensitivity of an output variable with respect to all
circuit variables, including model parameters. NGSPICE calculates the
difference in an output variable (either a node voltage or a branch
current) by perturbing each parameter of each device independently.
Since the method is a numerical approximation, the results may
demonstrate second order affects in highly sensitive parameters, or
may fail to show very low but non-zero sensitivity. Further, since
each variable is perturb by a small fraction of its value, zero-valued
parameters are not analyized (this has the benefit of reducing what is
usually a very large amount of data).
@node Noise Analysis, , Sensitivity Analysis, Types of Analysis
@subsection Noise Analysis
The noise analysis portion of NGSPICE does analysis device-generated
noise for the given circuit. When provided with an input source and
an output port, the analysis calculates the noise contributions of
each device (and each noise generator within the device) to the output
port voltage. It also calculates the input noise to the circuit,
equivalent to the output noise referred to the specified input source.
This is done for every frequency point in a specified range - the
calculated value of the noise corresponds to the spectral density of
the circuit variable viewed as a stationary gaussian stochastic
process.
After calculating the spectral densities, noise analysis integrates
these values over the specified frequency range to arrive at the total
noise voltage/current (over this frequency range). This calculated
value corresponds to the variance of the circuit variable viewed as a
stationary gaussian process.
@node Analysis at Different Temperatures, Convergence, Types of Analysis, Supported Analyses
@section Analysis at Different Temperatures
Temperature, in NGSPICE, is a property associated to the entire circuit,
rather an analysis option. Circuit temperature has a default (nominal)
value of 27@math{^o}C (300.15 K) that can be changed using the @option{TNOM}
option in an @code{.OPTION} control line. All analyses are, thus,
performed at circuit temperature, and if you want to simulate circuit
behaviour at different temperatures you should prepare a netlist
for each temperature.
All input data for NGSPICE is assumed to have been measured at the
circuit nominal temperature. This value can further be overridden for
any device which models temperature effects by specifying the @option{TNOM}
parameter on the @code{.model} itself.
Individual instances may further override the circuit temperature
through the specification of @option{TEMP} and @option{DTEMP} parameters
on the instance. The two options are not independent even if you can
specify both on the instance line, the @option{TEMP} option overrides
@option{DTEMP}. The algorithm to compute instance temperature is described
below:
@example
IF TEMP is specified THEN
instance_temperature = TEMP
ELSE IF
instance_temperature = circuit_temperature + DTEMP
END IF
@end example
Temperature dependent support is provided for all devices except voltage
and current sources (either independent and controlled) and BSIM models.
BSIM MOSFETs have an alternate temperature dependency scheme which adjusts
all of the model parameters before input to NGSPICE. For details of the
BSIM temperature adjustment, see [6] and [7].
Temperature appears explicitly in the exponential terms of the BJT and
diode model equations. In addition, saturation currents have a
built-in temperature dependence. The temperature dependence of the
saturation current in the BJT models is determined by:
@tex
$$
I_S(T_1) = I_S(T_0) \left|T_1 \over T_0\right|^{XTI}
\exp \left| E_g q(T_1 T_0) \over k (T_1 - T_0) \right|
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
XTI
|T | | E q(T T )|
1 g 1 0
I (T ) = I (T ) |--| exp|-----------|
S 1 S 0
|T | |k (T - T )|
0 1 0
@end example
@end ifnottex
where `@math{k}' is Boltzmann's constant, `@math{q}' is the electronic
charge, `@math{E}' is the energy gap which is a model parameter, `@math{G}'
and `@math{XTI}' is the saturation current temperature exponent (also a
model parameter, and usually equal to 3).
The temperature dependence of forward and reverse beta is according to
the formula:
@tex
$$
B(T_1) = B(T_0) \left| T_1 \over T_0 \right|^{XTB}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
XTB
|T |
1
B(T ) = B(T ) |--|
1 0
|T |
0
@end example
@end ifnottex
where `@math{T_0}' and `@math{T_1}' are in degrees Kelvin, and `@math{XTB}'
is a user-supplied model parameter. Temperature effects on beta are carried
out by appropriate adjustment to the values of `@math{B_F}', `@math{I_SE}',
`@math{B_R}', and `@math{I_SC}' (spice model parameters @option{BF},
@option{ISE}, @option{BR}, and @option{ISC}, respectively).
Temperature dependence of the saturation current in the junction diode
model is determined by:
@tex
$$
I_S(T_1) = I_S(T_0) \left| T_1 \over T_0 \right|^{XTI \over N}
\exp \left| E_g q(T_1 T_0) \over N k (T_1 - T_0) \right|
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
XTI
---
N
|T | | E q(T T ) |
1 g 1 0
I (T ) = I (T ) |--| exp|-------------|
S 1 S 0
|T | |N k (T - T )|
0 1 0
@end example
@end ifnottex
where `@math{N}' is the emission coefficient, which is a model parameter, and the
other symbols have the same meaning as above. Note that for Schottky
barrier diodes, the value of the saturation current temperature
exponent, `@math{XTI}', is usually 2.
Temperature appears explicitly in the value of junction potential,
`@option{U}' (in NGSPICE @option{PHI}), for all the device models.
The temperature dependence is determined by:
@tex
$$
U(T) = {k T \over q} \log_e \left| N_a N_d \over N_i T^2 \right|
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
| N N |
a d
kT |------ |
U(T) = -- log 2
q e |N (T) |
i
@end example
@end ifnottex
where `@math{k}' is Boltzmann's constant, `@math{q}' is the electronic
charge, `@math{N_a}' is the acceptor impurity density, `@math{N_d}' is
the donor impurity density, `@math{N_i}' is the intrinsic carrier
concentration, and `@math{E_g}' is the energy gap.
Temperature appears explicitly in the value of surface mobility,
`@math{M_0}' (or @math{U_0}), for the MOSFET model. The temperature
dependence is determined by:
@tex
$$
M_0(T) = {M_0(T_0) \over \left| T \over T_0 \right|^{1.5}}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
M (T )
0 0
M (T) = -------
0 1.5
| T|
|--|
|T |
0
@end example
@end ifnottex
The effects of temperature on resistors, capacitor and inductors is modeled
by the formula:
@tex
$$
R(T) = R(T_0) \bigl( 1 + TC_1 (T - T_0) + TC_2 (T - T_0)^2 \bigr)
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
2
R(T) = R(T ) [1 + TC (T - T ) + TC (T - T ) ]
0 1 0 2 0
@end example
@end ifnottex
where `@math{T}' is the circuit temperature, `@math{T_0}' is the nominal temperature,
and `@math{TC_1}' and `@math{TC_2}' are the first and second order temperature
coefficients.
@node Convergence, , Analysis at Different Temperatures, Supported Analyses
@section Convergence
Both dc and transient solutions are obtained by an iterative process
which is terminated when both of the following conditions hold:
@enumerate
@item
The nonlinear branch currents converge to within a tolerance of 0.1% or
1 picoamp (1.0e-12 Amp), whichever is larger.
@item
The node voltages converge to within a tolerance of 0.1% or 1 microvolt
(1.0e-6 Volt), whichever is larger.
@end enumerate
Although the algorithm used in NGSPICE has been found to be very
reliable, in some cases it fails to converge to a solution. When this
failure occurs, the program terminates the job.
Failure to converge in dc analysis is usually due to an error in
specifying circuit connections, element values, or model parameter
values. Regenerative switching circuits or circuits with positive
feedback probably will not converge in the dc analysis unless the
@code{OFF} option is used for some of the devices in the feedback path,
or the @code{.NODESET} control line is used to force the circuit to
converge to the desired state.
@node Circuit Description, Circuit Elements and Models, Supported Analyses, Top
@chapter Circuit Description
@menu
* General Structure and Conventions::
* Basics::
* Device Models::
* Subcircuits::
* INCLUDE::
@end menu
@node General Structure and Conventions, Basics, Circuit Description, Circuit Description
@section General Structure and Conventions
The circuit to be analyzed is described to ngspice by a set of element
lines, which define the circuit topology and element values, and a set
of control lines, which define the model parameters and the run
controls. The first line in the input file must be the title, and the
last line must be "@code{.END}". The order of the remaining lines is
arbitrary (except, of course, that continuation lines must immediately
follow the line being continued).
Each element in the circuit is specified by an element line that
contains the element name, the circuit nodes to which the element is
connected, and the values of the parameters that determine the
electrical characteristics of the element. The first letter of the
element name specifies the element type. The format for the NGSPICE
element types is given in what follows. The strings @code{XXXXXXX},
@code{YYYYYYY}, and @code{ZZZZZZZ} denote arbitrary alphanumeric strings.
For example, a resistor name must begin with the letter @code{R} and can
contain one or more characters. Hence, @code{R}, @code{R1}, @code{RSE},
@code{ROUT}, and @code{R3AC2ZY} are valid resistor names. Details of each
type of device are supplied in a following section.
Fields on a line are separated by one or more blanks, a comma, an
equal (`@code{=}') sign, or a left or right parenthesis; extra spaces are
ignored. A line may be continued by entering a `@code{+}' (plus) in
column 1 of the following line; NGSPICE continues reading beginning with
column 2.
A name field must begin with a letter (A through Z) and cannot contain
any delimiters.
A number field may be an integer field (12, -44), a floating point
field (3.14159), either an integer or floating point number followed
by an integer exponent (1e-14, 2.65e3), or either an integer or a
floating point number followed by one of the following scale factors:
@c TODO: put this in multiple columns.
@ifnottex
@math{@code{T} = 10^12}
@math{@code{G} = 10^9}
@math{@code{Meg} = 10^6}
@math{@code{K} = 10^3}
@math{@code{mil} = 25.4^-6}
@math{@code{m} = 10^-3}
@math{@code{u} = 10^-6}
@math{@code{n} = 10^-9}
@math{@code{p} = 10^-12}
@math{@code{f} = 10^-15}
@end ifnottex
@tex
$$
\eqalign{\code{T} &= 10^{12} \cr
\code{G} &= 10^9 \cr
\code{Meg} &= 10^6 \cr
\code{K} &= 10^3 \cr
\code{mil} &= 25.4^{-6} \cr
\code{m} &= 10^{-3} \cr
\code{u} &= 10^{-6} \cr
\code{n} &= 10^{-9} \cr
\code{p} &= 10^{-12} \cr
\code{f} &= 10^{-15} \cr}
$$
@end tex
Letters immediately following a number that are not scale factors are
ignored, and letters immediately following a scale factor are ignored.
Hence, 10, 10V, 10Volts, and 10Hz all represent the same number, and
M, MA, MSec, and MMhos all represent the same scale factor. Note that
1000, 1000.0, 1000Hz, 1e3, 1.0e3, 1kHz, and 1k all represent the same
number.
Nodes names may be arbitrary character strings. The datum (ground)
node must be named `0' (zero). Note the difference in NGSPICE where
the nodes are treated as character strings and not evaluated as numbers,
thus `0' and `00' are distinct nodes in NGSPICE but not in SPICE2.
NGSPICE needs that the following topological constraints are satisfied:
@itemize @bullet
@item The circuit cannot contain a loop of voltage sources and/or
inductors and cannot contain a cut-set of current sources
and/or capacitors.
@item Each node in the circuit must have a dc path to ground.
@item Every node must have at least two connections except for transmission
line nodes (to permit unterminated transmission lines) and MOSFET
substrate nodes (which have two internal connections anyway).
@end itemize
@node Basics, Device Models, General Structure and Conventions, Circuit Description
@section Basics: Title Line, Comment Lines and .END Line
@menu
* Title Line::
* END::
* Comments::
@end menu
@node Title Line, END, Basics, Basics
@subsection Title Line
Examples:
@example
POWER AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT
TEST OF CAM CELL
@end example
The title line must be the first in the input file. Its contents are
printed verbatim as the heading for each section of output.
@node END, Comments, Title Line, Basics
@subsection .END Line
Examples:
@example
.END
@end example
The "End" line must always be the last in the input
file. Note that the period is an integral part of the
name.
@node Comments, , END, Basics
@subsection Comments
General Form:
@example
*
@end example
Examples:
@example
* RF=1K Gain should be 100
* Check open-loop gain and phase margin
@end example
The asterisk in the first column indicates that
this line is a comment line. Comment lines may be
placed anywhere in the circuit description. Note that
NGSPICE also considers any line with leading white space
to be a comment.
@node Device Models, Subcircuits, Basics, Circuit Description
@section Device Models
General form:
@example
.MODEL MNAME TYPE(PNAME1=PVAL1 PNAME2=PVAL2 ... )
@end example
Examples:
@example
.MODEL MOD1 NPN (BF=50 IS=1E-13 VBF=50)
@end example
Most simple circuit elements typically require only a few parameter
values. However, some devices (semiconductor devices in particular)
that are included in NGSPICE require many parameter values. Often, many
devices in a circuit are defined by the same set of device model
parameters. For these reasons, a set of device model parameters is
defined on a separate .MODEL line and assigned a unique model name. The
device element lines in NGSPICE then refer to the model name.
For these more complex device types, each device element line contains
the device name, the nodes to which the device is connected, and the
device model name. In addition, other optional parameters may be
specified for some devices: geometric factors and an initial condition
(see the following section on Transistors and Diodes for more details).
MNAME in the above is the model name, and type is one of the following
fifteen types:
@vtable @code
@item R
Semiconductor resistor model
@item C
Semiconductor capacitor model
@item L
Inductor model
@item SW
Voltage controlled switch
@item CSW
Current controlled switch
@item URC
Uniform distributed RC model
@item LTRA
Lossy transmission line model
@item D
Diode model
@item NPN
NPN BJT model
@item PNP
PNP BJT model
@item NJF
N-channel JFET model
@item PJF
P-channel JFET model
@item NMOS
N-channel MOSFET model
@item PMOS
P-channel MOSFET model
@item NMF
N-channel MESFET model
@item PMF
P-channel MESFET model
@end vtable
Parameter values are defined by appending the parameter name followed by
an equal sign and the parameter value. Model parameters that are not
given a value are assigned the default values given below for each model
type. Models, model parameters, and default values are listed in the
next section along with the description of device element lines.
@node Subcircuits, INCLUDE, Device Models, Circuit Description
@section Subcircuits
A subcircuit that consists of NGSPICE elements can be defined and
referenced in a fashion similar to device models. The subcircuit is
defined in the input file by a grouping of element lines; the program
then automatically inserts the group of elements wherever the subcircuit
is referenced. There is no limit on the size or complexity of
subcircuits, and subcircuits may contain other subcircuits. An example
of subcircuit usage is given in Appendix A.
@menu
* SUBCKT::
* ENDS::
* Subcircuit Calls::
@end menu
@node SUBCKT, ENDS, Subcircuits, Subcircuits
@subsection .SUBCKT Line
General form:
@example
.SUBCKT subnam N1
@end example
Examples:
@example
.SUBCKT OPAMP 1 2 3 4
@end example
A circuit definition is begun with a .SUBCKT line. SUBNAM is the
subcircuit name, and N1, N2, ... are the external nodes, which cannot
be zero. The group of element lines which immediately follow the
.SUBCKT line define the subcircuit. The last line in a subcircuit
definition is the .ENDS line (see below). Control lines may not
appear within a subcircuit definition; however, subcircuit definitions
may contain anything else, including other subcircuit definitions,
device models, and subcircuit calls (see below). Note that any device
models or subcircuit definitions included as part of a subcircuit
definition are strictly local (i.e., such models and definitions are
not known outside the subcircuit definition). Also, any element nodes
not included on the .SUBCKT line are strictly local, with the
exception of 0 (ground) which is always global.
@node ENDS, Subcircuit Calls, SUBCKT, Subcircuits
@subsection ENDS Line
General form:
@example
.ENDS
@end example
Examples:
@example
.ENDS OPAMP
@end example
The "Ends" line must be the last one for any subcircuit definition. The
subcircuit name, if included, indicates which subcircuit definition is
being terminated; if omitted, all subcircuits being defined are
terminated. The name is needed only when nested subcircuit definitions
are being made.
@node Subcircuit Calls, , ENDS, Subcircuits
@subsection Subcircuit Calls
General form:
@example
XYYYYYYY N1 SUBNAM
@end example
Examples:
@example
X1 2 4 17 3 1 MULTI
@end example
Subcircuits are used in NGSPICE by specifying pseudo-elements beginning
with the letter X, followed by the circuit nodes to be used in expanding
the subcircuit.
@node INCLUDE, , Subcircuits, Circuit Description
@section INCLUDE
General form:
@example
.INCLUDE filename
@end example
Examples:
@example
.INCLUDE /users/spice/common/wattmeter.cir
@end example
Frequently, portions of circuit descriptions will be reused in several
input files, particularly with common models and subcircuits. In any
ngspice input file, the ".include" line may be used to copy some other
file as if that second file appeared in place of the ".include" line
in the original file. There is no restriction on the file name
imposed by ngspice beyond those imposed by the local operating system.
@node Circuit Elements and Models, Analyses and Output Control, Circuit Description, Top
@chapter Circuit Elements and Models
Data fields that are enclosed in less-than and greater-than signs ('<
>') are optional. All indicated punctuation (parentheses, equal signs,
etc.) is optional but indicate the presence of any delimiter. Further,
future implementations may require the punctuation as stated. A
consistent style adhering to the punctuation shown here makes the input
easier to understand. With respect to branch voltages and currents,
NGSPICE uniformly uses the associated reference convention (current flows
in the direction of voltage drop).
@menu
* General options and information::
* Elementary Devices::
* Voltage and Current Sources::
* Transmission Lines::
* Transistors and Diodes::
@end menu
@node General options and information, Simulating more devices in parallel, Circuit Elements and Models, Circuit Elements and Models
@section General options and information
@menu
* Simulating more devices in parallel::
* Technology scaling::
* Model binning::
@end menu
@node Simulating more devices in parallel, Technology scaling, General options and information, General options and information
@subsection Simulating more devices in parallel
If you need to simulate more devices of the same kind in parallel, you
can use the @option{m} (often called parallel multiplier) option which
is available for all instances except transmission lines and sources
(both independent and controlled).
The parallel multiplier is implemented by multiplying by the value of
@option{m} the element's matrix stamp, thus it cannot be used to accurately
simulate larger devices in integrated circuits.
The netlist below show how to correctly use the parallel multiplier:
@example
Multiple devices
d1 2 0 mydiode m=10
d01 1 0 mydiode
d02 1 0 mydiode
d03 1 0 mydiode
d04 1 0 mydiode
d05 1 0 mydiode
d06 1 0 mydiode
d07 1 0 mydiode
d08 1 0 mydiode
d09 1 0 mydiode
d10 1 0 mydiode
...
@end example
The @code{d1} instance connected between nodes 2 and 0 is equivalent
to the parallel @code{d01-d10} connected between 1 and 0.
@node Technology scaling, Model binning, Simulating more devices in parallel, General options and information
@subsection Technology scaling
Still to be implemented and written.
@node Model binning, Elementary Devices, Technology scaling, General options and information
@subsection Model binning
Still to be implemented and written.
@node Elementary Devices, Resistors, Model binning, Circuit Elements and Models
@section Elementary Devices
@menu
* Resistors::
* Semiconductor Resistors::
* Semiconductor Resistor Model (R)::
* Capacitors::
* Semiconductor Capacitors::
* Semiconductor Capacitor Model (C)::
* Inductors::
* Inductor model::
* Coupled (Mutual) Inductors::
* Switches::
* Switch Model (SW/CSW)::
@end menu
@node Resistors, Semiconductor Resistors, Elementary Devices, Elementary Devices
@subsection Resistors
General form:
@example
RXXXXXXX n+ n- value
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
R1 1 2 100
RC1 12 17 1K
R2 5 7 1K ac=2K
RL 1 4 2K m=2
@end example
Ngspice has a fairly complex model for resistors. It can simulate both
discrete and semiconductor resistors. Semiconductor resistors in ngspice
means: resistors described by geometrical parameters. So, do not expect
detailed modelling of semiconductor effects.
@option{n+} and @option{n-} are the two element nodes, @option{value} is
the resistance (in ohms) and may be positive or negative but not zero.
@sc{Hint}: If you need to simulate very small resistors (0.001 Ohm or
less), you should use CCVS (transresistance), it is less efficient but
improves overall numerical accuracy. Think about that a small resistance
is a large conductance.
Ngspice can assign a resistor instance a different value for AC analysis,
specified using the @option{ac} keyword. This value must not be zero as
described above. The AC resistance is used in AC analysis only (not Pole-Zero
nor noise). If you do not specify the @option{ac} parameter, it is
defaulted to @option{value}.
If you want to simulate temperature dependence of a resistor, you need
to specify its temperature coefficients, using a @command{.model} line,
like in the example below:
@example
RE1 1 2 700 std dtemp=5
.MODEL std tc1=0.001
@end example
Instance temperature is useful even if resistance does not varies with it, since
the thermal noise generated by a resistor depends on its absolute temperature.
Resistors in ngspice generates two different noises: thermal and flicker. While
thermal noise is always generated in the resistor, to add a flicker noise source
you have to add a @command{.model} card defining the flicker noise parameters.
It is possible to simulate resistors that do not generate any kind of noise
using the @option{noisy} keyword and assigning zero to it, as in the
following example:
@example
Rmd 134 57 1.5k noisy=0
@end example
Ngspice calculates the nominal resistance as described below:
@tex
$$
R_{nom} = {{{\rm VALUE} * {\rm scale}} \over m}
$$
$$
R_{acnom} = {{{\rm ac} * {\rm scale}} \over m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
Rnom = value * scale / m
Racnom = ac * scale / m
@end example
@end ifnottex
If you are interested in temperature effects or noise equations, read
the following section on semiconductor resistors.
@node Semiconductor Resistors, Semiconductor Resistor Model (R), Resistors, Elementary Devices
@subsection Semiconductor Resistors
General form:
@example
RXXXXXXX n+ n-
+ m=
@end example
Examples:
@example
RLOAD 2 10 10K
RMOD 3 7 RMODEL L=10u W=1u
@end example
This is the more general form of the resistor presented before (@pxref{Resistors})
and allows the modelling of temperature effects and for the calculation
of the actual resistance value from strictly geometric information and
the specifications of the process. If @option{value} is specified, it
overrides the geometric information and defines the resistance. If
@option{mname} is specified, then the resistance may be calculated from
the process information in the model @option{mname} and the given @option{length}
and @option{width}. If @option{value} is not specified, then @option{mname}
and @option{length} must be specified. If @option{width} is not specified,
then it is taken from the default width given in the model.
The (optional) @option{temp} value is the temperature at which this device
is to operate, and overrides the temperature specification on the
@command{.option} control line and the value specified in @option{dtemp}.
@node Semiconductor Resistor Model (R), Capacitors, Semiconductor Resistors, Elementary Devices
@subsection Semiconductor Resistor Model (R)
The resistor model consists of process-related device data that allow
the resistance to be calculated from geometric information and to be
corrected for temperature. The parameters available are:
@multitable {NARROW} {parameter measurement temperature} {ohm/@math{^o}C@math{^2}} {default} {example}
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example
@item TC1 @tab first order temperature coeff. @tab ohm/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0
@item TC2 @tab second order temperature coeff. @tab ohm/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0
@item RSH @tab sheet resistance @tab ohm/[] @tab - @tab 50
@item DEFW @tab default width @tab meters @tab 1e-6 @tab 2e-6
@item NARROW @tab narrowing due to side etching @tab meters @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-7
@item SHORT @tab shortening due to side etching @tab meters @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-7
@item TNOM @tab parameter measurement temperature @tab @math{^o}C @tab 27 @tab 50
@item KF @tab flicker noise coefficient @tab - @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-25
@item AF @tab flicker noise exponent @tab - @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0
@end multitable
The sheet resistance is used with the narrowing parameter and @option{l}
and @option{w} from the resistor device to determine the nominal resistance
by the formula:
@tex
$$
R_{nom} = {\rm rsh} {l - {\rm SHORT} \over w - {\rm NARROW}}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
l - SHORT
Rnom = rsh ----------
w - NARROW
@end example
@end ifnottex
@option{DEFW} is used to supply a default value for @option{w} if one is
not specified for the device. If either @option{rsh} or @option{l} is not
specified, then the standard default resistance value of 1k Ohm is used.
@option{TNOM} is used to override the circuit-wide value given on the
@command{.options} control line where the parameters of this model have
been measured at a different temperature.
After the nominal resistance is calculated, it is adjusted for temperature
by the formula:
@tex
$$
R(T) = R({\rm TNOM}) \Bigl( 1 + TC_1 (T - {\rm TNOM}) + TC_2 (T-{\rm TNOM})^2 \Bigr)
$$
where $R({\rm TNOM}) = R_{nom} \vert R_{acnom}$.
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
2
R(T) = R(TNOM) [1 + TC (T - TNOM) + TC (T - TNOM) ]
1 2
where R(TNOM) = Rnom or Racnom
@end example
@end ifnottex
In the above formula, `@math{T}' represents the instance temperature, which can be
explicitly using the @option{temp} keyword or os calculated using the
circuit temperature and @option{dtemp}, if present.
If both @option{temp} and @option{dtemp} are specified, the latter is ignored.
Ngspice improves spice's resistors noise model, adding flicker noise (1/f) to
it and the @option{noisy} keyword to simulate noiseless resistors. The thermal
noise in resistors is modelled according to the equation:
@tex
$$
\bar{i^2_R} = {{4kT} \over R} \Delta f
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
___
2 4 k T
i = ----- df
r R
@end example
@end ifnottex
where "k" is the Boltzmann's constant, and "T" the instance temperature.
Flicker noise model is:
@tex
$$
\bar{i^2_{Rfn}} = {{\rm KF} I^{\rm AF}_R \over f} \Delta f
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
____ AF
2 KF Ir
i = ------- df
Rfn f
@end example
@end ifnottex
A small list of sheet resistances (in Ohm/[]) for conductors is shown below.
The table represents typical values for MOS processes in the 0.5 - 1 um
range. The table is taken from: @emph{N. Weste, K. Eshraghian - Principles of
CMOS VLSI Design 2nd Edition, Addison Wesley}.
@multitable @columnfractions .55 .15 .15 .15
@item Material @tab Min. @tab Typical @tab Max.
@item Intermetal (metal1 - metal2) @tab 0.005 @tab 0.007 @tab 0.1
@item Top-metal (metal 3) @tab 0.003 @tab 0.004 @tab 0.05
@item Polysilicon @tab 15 @tab 20 @tab 30
@item Silicide @tab 2 @tab 3 @tab 6
@item Diffusion(n+,p+) @tab 10 @tab 25 @tab 100
@item Silicided diffusion @tab 2 @tab 4 @tab 10
@item n-well @tab 1000 @tab 2000 @tab 5000
@end multitable
@node Capacitors, Semiconductor Capacitors, Semiconductor Resistor Model (R), Elementary Devices
@subsection Capacitors
General form:
@example
CXXXXXXX n+ n-
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
CBYP 13 0 1UF
COSC 17 23 10U IC=3V
@end example
Ngspice provides a detailed model for capacitors. Capacitors in the netlist can
be specified giving their capacitance or their geometrical and physical
characteristics. Following the original spice3 "convention", capacitors
specified by their geometrical or physical characteristics are called
"semiconductor capacitors" and are described in the next section.
In this first form @option{n+} and @option{n-} are the positive and negative
element nodes, respectively and @option{value} is the capacitance in Farads.
Capacitance can be specified in the instance line as in the examples above or
in a @command{.model} line, as in the example below:
@example
C1 15 5 cstd
C2 2 7 cstd
.model cstd C cap=3n
@end example
Both capacitors have a capacitance of 3nF.
If you want to simulate temperature dependence of a capacitor, you need to
specify its temperature coefficients, using a @command{.model} line, like in the
example below:
@example
CEB 1 2 1u cap1 dtemp=5
.MODEL cap1 C tc1=0.001
@end example
The (optional) initial condition is the initial (timezero) value of
capacitor voltage (in Volts). Note that the initial conditions (if any)
apply 'only' if the @option{uic} option is specified on the @command{.tran}
control line.
Ngspice calculates the nominal capacitance as described below:
@tex
$$
C_{nom} = {{{\rm value} * {\rm scale}} * m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
Cnom = value * scale * m
@end example
@end ifnottex
@node Semiconductor Capacitors, Semiconductor Capacitor Model (C), Capacitors, Elementary Devices
@subsection Semiconductor Capacitors
General form:
@example
CXXXXXXX n+ n-
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
CLOAD 2 10 10P
CMOD 3 7 CMODEL L=10u W=1u
@end example
This is the more general form of the Capacitor presented in section
(@pxref{Capacitors}), and allows for the calculation of the actual capacitance
value from strictly geometric information and the specifications of the process.
If @option{value} is specified, it defines the capacitance and both process and
geometrical information are discarded. If @option{value} is not specified, the
capacitance is calculated from information contained model @option{mname} and
the given length and width (@option{l}, @option{w} keywords, respectively).
It is possible to specify @option{mname} only, without geometrical dimensions
and set the capacitance in the @command{.model} line (@pxref{Capacitors}).
@node Semiconductor Capacitor Model (C), Inductors, Semiconductor Capacitors, Elementary Devices
@subsection Semiconductor Capacitor Model (C)
The capacitor model contains process information that may be used to
compute the capacitance from strictly geometric information.
@multitable {NARROW} {parameter measurement temperature} {F/@math{^o}C@math{^2}} {default} {example}
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example
@item CAP @tab model capacitance @tab F @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-6
@item CJ @tab junction bottom capacitance @tab F/meters@math{^2} @tab - @tab 5e-5
@item CJSW @tab junction sidewall capacitance @tab F/meters @tab - @tab 2e-11
@item DEFW @tab default device width @tab meters @tab 1e-6 @tab 2e-6
@item DEFL @tab default device length @tab meters @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-6
@item NARROW @tab narrowing due to side etching @tab meters @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-7
@item SHORT @tab shorting due to side etching @tab meters @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-7
@item TC1 @tab first order temperature coeff. @tab F/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0 @tab 0.001
@item TC2 @tab second order temperature coeff. @tab F/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 0.0001
@item TNOM @tab parameter measurement temperature @tab @math{^o}C @tab 27 @tab 50
@item DI @tab relative dielectric constant @tab F/m @tab 0.0 @tab 1
@item THICK @tab insulator thickness @tab meters @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-9
@end multitable
The capacitor has a capacitance computed as:
If @option{value} is specified on the instance line then
@tex
$$
C_{nom} = {{{\rm value} * {\rm scale}} * m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
Cnom = value * scale * m
@end example
@end ifnottex
If model capacitance is specified then
@tex
$$
C_{nom} = {{{\rm CAP} * {\rm scale}} * m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
Cnom = CAP * scale * m
@end example
@end ifnottex
If neither @option{value} nor @option{CAP} are specified, then geometrical and
physical parameters are take into account:
@tex
$$
{\rm C_{0}} = {\rm CJ} (l - {\rm SHORT})
(w - {\rm NARROW}) +
2 {\rm CJSW} (l - {\rm SHORT} + w - {\rm NARROW})
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
C0 = CJ (l - NARROW) (w - NARROW) +
2 CJSW (l - SHORT + w - NARROW)
@end example
@end ifnottex
@option{CJ} can be explicitly given on the @command{.model} line or calculated
by physical parameters. When @option{CJ} is not given, is calculated as:
If @option{THICK} is not zero:
@tex
if {\rm DI } is specified:
$$
{\rm CJ } = {{{\rm DI} * \epsilon_{0}} \over {\rm THICK} }
$$
otherwise:
$$
{\rm CJ } = {{ \epsilon_{SiO_{2}}} \over {\rm THICK} }
$$
with:
$$
\epsilon_{0} = 8.854214871e-12 {F \over m}
$$
$$
\epsilon_{SiO_{2}} = 3.4531479969e-11 {F \over m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
DI * eps
0
CJ = --------- if DI is specified
THICK
eps
SiO
2
CJ = --------- if DI is not specified
THICK
with:
eps = 8.854214871e-12 F/m
0
eps = 3.4531479969e-11 F/m
SiO
2
@end example
@end ifnottex
@tex
$$
C_{nom} = {C_{0} * {\rm scale} * m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
Cnom = C0 * scale * m
@end example
@end ifnottex
After the nominal capacitance is calculated, it is adjusted for temperature
by the formula:
@tex
$$
C(T) = C({\rm TNOM}) \Bigl( 1 + TC_1 (T - {\rm TNOM}) + TC_2 (T-{\rm TNOM})^2 \Bigr)
$$
where $C({\rm TNOM}) = C_{nom}$.
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
2
C(T) = C(TNOM) [1 + TC (T - TNOM) + TC (T - TNOM) ]
1 2
where C(TNOM) = Cnom
@end example
@end ifnottex
In the above formula, `@math{T}' represents the instance temperature, which can be
explicitly using the @option{temp} keyword or os calculated using the
circuit temperature and @option{dtemp}, if present.
@node Inductors, Inductor model, Semiconductor Capacitor Model (C), Elementary Devices
@subsection Inductors
General form:
@example
LYYYYYYY n+ n-
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
LLINK 42 69 1UH
LSHUNT 23 51 10U IC=15.7MA
@end example
The inductor device implemented into ngspice has many enhancements over
the original one. @option{n+} and @option{n-} are the positive and negative
element nodes, respectively. @option{value} is the inductance in Henries.
Inductance can be specified in the instance line as in the examples above
or in a @command{.model} line, as in the example below:
@example
L1 15 5 indmod1
L2 2 7 indmod1
.model indmod1 L ind=3n
@end example
Both inductors have an inductance of 3nH.
The @option{nt} is used in conjunction with a @command{.model} line, and
is used to specify the number of turns of the inductor.
If you want to simulate temperature dependence of an inductor, you need
to specify its temperature coefficients, using a @command{.model} line,
like in the example below:
@example
Lload 1 2 1u ind1 dtemp=5
.MODEL ind1 L tc1=0.001
@end example
The (optional) initial condition is the initial (timezero) value of
inductor current (in Amps) that flows from @option{n+}, through the
inductor, to @option{n-}. Note that the initial conditions (if any)
apply only if the @option{UIC} option is specified on the @command{.tran}
analysis line.
Ngspice calculates the nominal inductance as described below:
@tex
$$
L_{nom} = {{{\rm value} * {\rm scale}} \over m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
Lnom = value * scale / m
@end example
@end ifnottex
@node Inductor model, Coupled (Mutual) Inductors, Inductors, Elementary Devices
@subsection Inductor model
The inductor model contains physical and geometrical information that
may be used to compute the inductance of some common topologies like
solenoids and toroids, wound in air or other material with constant
magnetic permeability.
@multitable @columnfractions .15 .4 .2 .1 .1
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example
@item IND @tab model inductance
@tab H @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-3
@item CSECT @tab Cross section
@tab meters@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-3
@item LENGTH @tab Length
@tab meters @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-2
@item TC1 @tab first order temperature coeff.
@tab F/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0 @tab 0.001
@item TC2 @tab second order temperature coeff.
@tab F/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 0.0001
@item TNOM @tab parameter measurement temperature
@tab @math{^o}C @tab 27 @tab 50
@item NT @tab number of turns
@tab - @tab 0.0 @tab 10
@item MU @tab relative magnetic permeability
@tab H/meters @tab 0.0 @tab -
@end multitable
The inductor has an inductance computed as:
If @option{value} is specified on the instance line then
@tex
$$
L_{nom} = {{{\rm value} * {\rm scale}} \over m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
Lnom = value * scale / m
@end example
@end ifnottex
If model inductance is specified then
@tex
$$
L_{nom} = {{{\rm IND} * {\rm scale}} \over m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
Lnom = IND * scale / m
@end example
@end ifnottex
If neither @option{value} nor @option{IND} are specified, then geometrical
and physical parameters are take into account. In the following formulas
@option{NT} refers to both instance and model parameter (instance parameter
overrides model parameter):
If @option{LENGTH} is not zero:
@tex
if {\rm MU } is specified:
$$
L_{nom} = {{{\rm MU} * \mu_0 * {\rm NT}^2 * {\rm CSECT}} \over {\rm LENGTH} }
$$
otherwise:
$$
L_{nom} = {{ \mu_0 * {\rm NT}^2 * {\rm CSECT}} \over {\rm LENGTH} }
$$
with:
$$
\mu_{0} = 1.25663706143592e-6 {H \over m}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
2
MU * mu * NT * CSECT
0
Lnom = -------------------- if MU is specified
LENGTH
2
mu * NT * CSECT
0
Lnom = --------------- if MU is not specified
LENGTH
with:
mu = 1.25663706143592e-6 H/m
0
@end example
@end ifnottex
After the nominal inductance is calculated, it is adjusted for temperature
by the formula:
@tex
$$
L(T) = L({\rm TNOM}) \Bigl( 1 + TC_1 (T - {\rm TNOM}) + TC_2 (T-{\rm TNOM})^2 \Bigr)
$$
where $L({\rm TNOM}) = L_{nom}$.
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
2
L(T) = L(TNOM) [1 + TC (T - TNOM) + TC (T - TNOM) ]
1 2
where L(TNOM) = Lnom
@end example
@end ifnottex
In the above formula, `@math{T}' represents the instance temperature,
which can be explicitly using the @option{temp} keyword or calculated
using the circuit temperature and @option{dtemp}, if present.
@node Coupled (Mutual) Inductors, Switches, Inductor model, Elementary Devices
@subsection Coupled (Mutual) Inductors
General form:
@example
KXXXXXXX LYYYYYYY LZZZZZZZ value
@end example
Examples:
@example
K43 LAA LBB 0.999
KXFRMR L1 L2 0.87
@end example
LYYYYYYY and LZZZZZZZ are the names of the two coupled inductors, and
@option{value} is the coefficient of coupling, K, which must be greater than 0
and less than or equal to 1. Using the 'dot' convention, place a 'dot'
on the first node of each inductor.
@node Switches, Switch Model (SW/CSW), Coupled (Mutual) Inductors, Elementary Devices
@subsection Switches
General form:
@example
SXXXXXXX N+ N- NC+ NC- MODEL
WYYYYYYY N+ N- VNAM MODEL
@end example
Examples:
@example
s1 1 2 3 4 switch1 ON
s2 5 6 3 0 sm2 off
Switch1 1 2 10 0 smodel1
w1 1 2 vclock switchmod1
W2 3 0 vramp sm1 ON
wreset 5 6 vclck lossyswitch OFF
@end example
Nodes 1 and 2 are the nodes between which the switch terminals are
connected. The model name is mandatory while the initial conditions are
optional. For the voltage controlled switch, nodes 3 and 4 are the
positive and negative controlling nodes respectively. For the current
controlled switch, the controlling current is that through the specified
voltage source. The direction of positive controlling current flow is
from the positive node, through the source, to the negative node.
@node Switch Model (SW/CSW), , Switches, Elementary Devices
@subsection Switch Model (SW/CSW)
The switch model allows an almost ideal switch to be described in NGSPICE.
The switch is not quite ideal, in that the resistance can not change
from 0 to infinity, but must always have a finite positive value. By
proper selection of the on and off resistances, they can be effectively
zero and infinity in comparison to other circuit elements. The
parameters available are:
@multitable @columnfractions .15 .4 .2 .1 .1
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab switch
@item VT @tab threshold voltage @tab Volts @tab 0.0 @tab S
@item IT @tab threshold current @tab Amps @tab 0.0 @tab W
@item VH @tab hysteresis voltage @tab Volts @tab 0.0 @tab S
@item IH @tab hysteresis current @tab Amps @tab 0.0 @tab W
@item RON @tab on resistance @tab Z @tab 1.0 @tab both
@item ROFF @tab off resistance @tab Z @tab 1/GMIN* @tab both
@end multitable
*(See the .OPTIONS control line for a description of GMIN, its default
value results in an off-resistance of 1.0e+12 ohms.)
The use of an ideal element that is highly nonlinear such as a switch
can cause large discontinuities to occur in the circuit node voltages.
A rapid change such as that associated with a switch changing state can
cause numerical roundoff or tolerance problems leading to erroneous
results or timestep difficulties. The user of switches can improve the
situation by taking the following steps:
First, it is wise to set ideal switch impedances just high or low enough
to be negligible with respect to other circuit elements. Using switch
impedances that are close to "ideal" in all cases aggravates the problem
of discontinuities mentioned above. Of course, when modelling real
devices such as MOSFETS, the on resistance should be adjusted to a
realistic level depending on the size of the device being modelled.
If a wide range of ON to OFF resistance must be used in the switches
(ROFF/RON >1e+12), then the tolerance on errors allowed during transient
analysis should be decreased by using the .OPTIONS control line and
specifying TRTOL to be less than the default value of 7.0. When
switches are placed around capacitors, then the option CHGTOL should
also be reduced. Suggested values for these two options are 1.0 and
1e-16 respectively. These changes inform NGSPICE to be more careful
around the switch points so that no errors are made due to the rapid
change in the circuit.
@node Voltage and Current Sources, Transmission Lines, ,Circuit Elements and Models
@section Voltage and Current Sources
@menu
* Independent Sources::
* Linear Dependent Sources::
* Non-linear Dependent Sources::
@end menu
@node Independent Sources, Linear Dependent Sources, Voltage and Current Sources, Voltage and Current Sources
@subsection Independent Sources
General form:
@example
VXXXXXXX N+ N- < DC/TRAN VALUE> >>
+ >> >>
IYYYYYYY N+ N- < DC/TRAN VALUE> >>
+ >> >>
@end example
Examples:
@example
VCC 10 0 DC 6
VIN 13 2 0.001 AC 1 SIN(0 1 1MEG)
ISRC 23 21 AC 0.333 45.0 SFFM(0 1 10K 5 1K)
VMEAS 12 9
VCARRIER 1 0 DISTOF1 0.1 -90.0
VMODULATOR 2 0 DISTOF2 0.01
IIN1 1 5 AC 1 DISTOF1 DISTOF2 0.001
@end example
N+ and N- are the positive and negative nodes, respectively. Note that
voltage sources need not be grounded. Positive current is assumed to
flow from the positive node, through the source, to the negative node.
A current source of positive value forces current to flow out of the N+
node, through the source, and into the N- node. Voltage sources, in
addition to being used for circuit excitation, are the 'ammeters' for
NGSPICE, that is, zero valued voltage sources may be inserted into the
circuit for the purpose of measuring current. They of course have no
effect on circuit operation since they represent short-circuits.
DC/TRAN is the dc and transient analysis value of the source. If the
source value is zero both for dc and transient analyses, this value may
be omitted. If the source value is time-invariant (e.g., a power
supply), then the value may optionally be preceded by the letters DC.
ACMAG is the ac magnitude and ACPHASE is the ac phase. The source is
set to this value in the ac analysis. If ACMAG is omitted following the
keyword AC, a value of unity is assumed. If ACPHASE is omitted, a value
of zero is assumed. If the source is not an ac small-signal input, the
keyword AC and the ac values are omitted.
DISTOF1 and DISTOF2 are the keywords that specify that the independent
source has distortion inputs at the frequencies F1 and F2 respectively
(see the description of the .DISTO control line). The keywords may be
followed by an optional magnitude and phase. The default values of the
magnitude and phase are 1.0 and 0.0 respectively.
Any independent source can be assigned a time-dependent value for
transient analysis. If a source is assigned a time-dependent value, the
time-zero value is used for dc analysis. There are five independent
source functions: pulse, exponential, sinusoidal, piece-wise linear, and
single-frequency FM. If parameters other than source values are omitted
or set to zero, the default values shown are assumed. (TSTEP is the
printing increment and TSTOP is the final time (see the .TRAN control
line for explanation)).
@menu
* Pulse::
* Sinusoidal::
* Exponential::
* Piece-Wise Linear::
* Single-Frequency FM::
@end menu
@node Pulse, Sinusoidal, Independent Sources, Independent Sources
@subsubsection Pulse
General form:
@example
PULSE(V1 V2 TD TR TF PW PER)
@end example
Examples:
@example
VIN 3 0 PULSE(-1 1 2NS 2NS 2NS 50NS 100NS)
@end example
@multitable @columnfractions .33 .33 .33
@item parameter @tab default value @tab units
@item V1 (initial value) @tab @tab Volts or Amps
@item V2 (pulsed value) @tab @tab Volts or Amps
@item TD (delay time) @tab 0.0 @tab seconds
@item TR (rise time) @tab TSTEP @tab seconds
@item TF (fall time) @tab TSTEP @tab seconds
@item PW (pulse width) @tab TSTOP @tab seconds
@item PER(period) @tab TSTOP @tab seconds
@end multitable
A single pulse so specified is described by the following table:
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .3
@item time @tab value
@item 0 @tab V1
@item TD @tab V1
@item TD+TR @tab V2
@item TD+TR+PW @tab V2
@item TD+TR+PW+TF @tab V1
@item TSTOP @tab V1
@end multitable
Intermediate points are determined by linear interpolation.
@node Sinusoidal, Exponential, Pulse, Independent Sources
@subsubsection Sinusoidal
General form:
@example
SIN(VO VA FREQ TD THETA)
@end example
Examples:
@example
VIN 3 0 SIN(0 1 100MEG 1NS 1E10)
@end example
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .3 .3
@item parameters @tab default value @tab units
@item VO (offset) @tab @tab Volts or Amps
@item VA (amplitude) @tab @tab Volts or Amps
@item FREQ (frequency) @tab 1/TSTOP @tab Hz
@item TD (delay) @tab 0.0 @tab seconds
@item THETA (damping factor) @tab 0.0 @tab 1/seconds
@end multitable
The shape of the waveform is described by the following table:
@tex
$$
V(t) = \cases{V0 ,&if $0\leq t)
@end example
Examples:
@example
VCLOCK 7 5 PWL(0 -7 10NS -7 11NS -3 17NS -3 18NS -7 50NS -7)
@end example
Each pair of values (Ti, Vi) specifies that the value of the source is
Vi (in Volts or Amps) at time=Ti. The value of the source at
intermediate values of time is determined by using linear interpolation
on the input values.
@node Single-Frequency FM, , Piece-Wise Linear, Independent Sources
@subsubsection Single-Frequency FM
General Form:
@example
SFFM(VO VA FC MDI FS)
@end example
Examples:
@example
V1 12 0 SFFM(0 1M 20K 5 1K)
@end example
@example
parameter default value units
------------------------------------------------------
VO (offset) Volts or Amps
VA (amplitude) Volts or Amps
FC (carrier frequency) 1/TSTOP Hz
MDI (modulation index)
FS (signal frequency) 1/TSTOP Hz
@end example
The shape of the waveform is described by the following equation:
@tex
$$
V(t)=V_O + V_A \sin\left| 2 J FC t + MDI \sin(2 J FS t)\right|
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
| |
V(t)=V + V sin 2 J FC t + MDI sin(2 J FS t)
O A | |
@end example
@end ifnottex
@node Linear Dependent Sources, Non-linear Dependent Sources, Independent Sources, Voltage and Current Sources
@subsection Linear Dependent Sources
NGSPICE allows circuits to contain linear dependent sources characterized
by any of the four equations
@tex
$$
i = g v \qquad v = e v \qquad i = f i \qquad v = h i
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
i = g v v = e v i = f i v = h i
@end example
@end ifnottex
where g, e, f, and h are constants representing transconductance,
voltage gain, current gain, and transresistance, respectively.
@menu
* Linear Voltage-Controlled Current Sources::
* Linear Voltage-Controlled Voltage Sources::
* Linear Current-Controlled Current Sources::
* Linear Current-Controlled Voltage Sources::
@end menu
@node Linear Voltage-Controlled Current Sources, Linear Voltage-Controlled Voltage Sources, Linear Dependent Sources, Linear Dependent Sources
@subsubsection Linear Voltage-Controlled Current Sources
General form:
@example
GXXXXXXX N+ N- NC+ NC- VALUE
@end example
Examples:
@example
G1 2 0 5 0 0.1MMHO
@end example
N+ and N- are the positive and negative nodes, respectively. Current
flow is from the positive node, through the source, to the negative
node. NC+ and NCare the positive and negative controlling nodes,
respectively. VALUE is the transconductance (in mhos).
@node Linear Voltage-Controlled Voltage Sources, Linear Current-Controlled Current Sources, Linear Voltage-Controlled Current Sources, Linear Dependent Sources
@subsubsection Linear Voltage-Controlled Voltage Sources
General form:
@example
EXXXXXXX N+ N- NC+ NC- VALUE
@end example
Examples:
@example
E1 2 3 14 1 2.0
@end example
N+ is the positive node, and N- is the negative node. NC+ and NC- are
the positive and negative controlling nodes, respectively. VALUE is the
voltage gain.
@node Linear Current-Controlled Current Sources, Linear Current-Controlled Voltage Sources, Linear Voltage-Controlled Voltage Sources, Linear Dependent Sources
@subsubsection Linear Current-Controlled Current Sources
General form:
@example
FXXXXXXX N+ N- VNAM VALUE
@end example
Examples:
@example
F1 13 5 VSENS 5
@end example
N+ and N- are the positive and negative nodes, respectively. Current
flow is from the positive node, through the source, to the negative
node. VNAM is the name of a voltage source through which the
controlling current flows. The direction of positive controlling
current flow is from the positive node, through the source, to the
negative node of VNAM. VALUE is the current gain.
@node Linear Current-Controlled Voltage Sources, , Linear Current-Controlled Current Sources, Linear Dependent Sources
@subsubsection Linear Current-Controlled Voltage Sources
General form:
@example
HXXXXXXX N+ N- VNAM VALUE
@end example
Examples:
@example
HX 5 17 VZ 0.5K
@end example
N+ and N- are the positive and negative nodes, respectively. VNAM is
the name of a voltage source through which the controlling current
flows. The direction of positive controlling current flow is from the
positive node, through the source, to the negative node of VNAM. VALUE
is the transresistance (in ohms).
@node Non-linear Dependent Sources, , Linear Dependent Sources, Voltage and Current Sources
@subsection Non-linear Dependent Sources
General form:
@example
BXXXXXXX N+ N-
@end example
Examples:
@example
B1 0 1 I=cos(v(1))+sin(v(2))
B1 0 1 V=ln(cos(log(v(1,2)^2)))-v(3)^4+v(2)^v(1)
B1 3 4 I=17
B1 3 4 V=exp(pi^i(vdd))
@end example
N+ is the positive node, and N- is the negative node. The values of the
V and I parameters determine the voltages and currents across and
through the device, respectively. If I is given then the device is a
current source, and if V is given the device is a voltage source. One
and only one of these parameters must be given.
The small-signal AC behaviour of the nonlinear source is a linear
dependent source (or sources) with a proportionality constant equal to
the derivative (or derivatives) of the source at the DC operating point.
The expressions given for V and I may be any function of voltages and
currents through voltage sources in the system. The following functions
of real variables are defined:
@multitable @columnfractions .2 .2 .2 .2
@item abs @tab asinh @tab cosh @tab sin
@item acos @tab atan @tab exp @tab sinh
@item acosh @tab atanh @tab ln @tab sqrt
@item asin @tab cos @tab log @tab tan
@end multitable
The function "u" is the unit step function, with a value of one for
arguments greater than zero and a value of zero for arguments less than
zero. The function "uramp" is the integral of the unit step: for an
input x, the value is zero if x is less than zero, or if x is greater
than zero the value is x. The function "u2" returns a value of zero for
arguments less than zero, one for arguments greater than one and assumes
the value of the argument between these limits .These three functions are
useful in sythesizing piece-wise non-linear functions, though convergence
may be adversely affected.
Note: "u2" function has been introduced in rework-11.
The following standard operators are defined:
@example
+ - * / @{ @} unary -
@end example
If the argument of log, ln, or sqrt becomes less than zero, the absolute
value of the argument is used. If a divisor becomes zero or the
argument of log or ln becomes zero, an error will result. Other
problems may occur when the argument for a function in a partial
derivative enters a region where that function is undefined.
To get time into the expression you can integrate the current from a
constant current source with a capacitor and use the resulting voltage
(don't forget to set the initial voltage across the capacitor).
Non-linear resistors, capacitors, and inductors may be synthesized with
the nonlinear dependent source. Non-linear resistors are obvious.
Nonlinear capacitors and inductors are implemented with their linear
counterparts by a change of variables implemented with the nonlinear
dependent source. The following subcircuit will implement a nonlinear
capacitor:
@example
.Subckt nlcap pos neg
* Bx: calculate f(input voltage)
Bx 1 0 v = f(v(pos,neg))
* Cx: linear capacitance
Cx 2 0 1
* Vx: Ammeter to measure current into the capacitor
Vx 2 1 DC 0Volts
* Drive the current through Cx back into the circuit
Fx pos neg Vx 1
.ends
@end example
Non-linear inductors are similar.
@node Transmission Lines, Transistors and Diodes, Voltage and Current Sources, Circuit Elements and Models
@section Transmission Lines
@menu
* Lossless Transmission Lines::
* Lossy Transmission Lines::
* Lossy Transmission Line Model (LTRA)::
* Uniform Distributed RC Lines (Lossy)::
* Uniform Distributed RC Model (URC)::
@end menu
@node Lossless Transmission Lines, Lossy Transmission Lines, Transmission Lines, Transmission Lines
@subsection Lossless Transmission Lines
General form:
@example
TXXXXXXX N1 N2 N3 N4 Z0=VALUE >
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
T1 1 0 2 0 Z0=50 TD=10NS
@end example
N1 and N2 are the nodes at port 1; N3 and N4 are the nodes at port 2.
Z0 is the characteristic impedance. The length of the line may be
expressed in either of two forms. The transmission delay, TD, may be
specified directly (as TD=10ns, for example). Alternatively, a
frequency F may be given, together with NL, the normalized electrical
length of the transmission line with respect to the wavelength in the
line at the frequency F. If a frequency is specified but NL is omitted,
0.25 is assumed (that is, the frequency is assumed to be the
quarter-wave frequency). Note that although both forms for expressing
the line length are indicated as optional, one of the two must be
specified.
Note that this element models only one propagating mode. If all four
nodes are distinct in the actual circuit, then two modes may be excited.
To simulate such a situation, two transmission-line elements are
required. (see the example in Appendix A for further clarification.)
The (optional) initial condition specification consists of the voltage
and current at each of the transmission line ports. Note that the
initial conditions (if any) apply 'only' if the UIC option is specified
on the .TRAN control line.
Note that a lossy transmission line (see below) with zero loss may be
more accurate than than the lossless transmission line due to
implementation details.
@node Lossy Transmission Lines, Lossy Transmission Line Model (LTRA), Lossless Transmission Lines, Transmission Lines
@subsection Lossy Transmission Lines
General form:
@example
OXXXXXXX N1 N2 N3 N4 MNAME
@end example
Examples:
@example
O23 1 0 2 0 LOSSYMOD
OCONNECT 10 5 20 5 INTERCONNECT
@end example
This is a two-port convolution model for singleconductor lossy
transmission lines. N1 and N2 are the nodes at port 1; N3 and N4 are
the nodes at port 2. Note that a lossy transmission line with zero loss
may be more accurate than than the lossless transmission line due to
implementation details.
@node Lossy Transmission Line Model (LTRA), Uniform Distributed RC Lines (Lossy), Lossy Transmission Lines, Transmission Lines
@subsection Lossy Transmission Line Model (LTRA)
The uniform RLC/RC/LC/RG transmission line model (referred to as the
LTRA model henceforth) models a uniform constant-parameter distributed
transmission line. The RC and LC cases may also be modelled using the
URC and TRA models; however, the newer LTRA model is usually faster and
more accurate than the others. The operation of the LTRA model is based
on the convolution of the transmission line's impulse responses with its
inputs (see [8]).
The LTRA model takes a number of parameters, some of which must be given
and some of which are optional.
@multitable @columnfractions .15 .4 .2 .1 .1
@item name @tab parameter @tab units/type @tab default @tab example
@item name @tab parameter @tab units/type @tab default @tab example
@item R @tab resistance/length @tab Z/unit @tab 0.0 @tab 0.2
@item L @tab inductance/length @tab henrys/unit @tab 0.0 @tab 9.13e-9
@item G @tab conductance/length @tab mhos/unit @tab 0.0 @tab 0.0
@item C @tab capacitance/length @tab farads/unit @tab 0.0 @tab 3.65e-12
@item LEN @tab length of line @tab no default @tab 1.0
@item REL @tab breakpoint control @tab arbitrary unit @tab 1 @tab 0.5
@item ABS @tab breakpoint control @tab 1 @tab 5
@item NOSTEPLIMIT @tab don't limit timestep to less than line delay
@tab flag @tab not set @tab set
@item NOCONTROL @tab don't do complex timestep control
@tab flag @tab not set @tab set
@item LININTERP @tab use linear interpolation
@tab flag @tab not set @tab set
@item MIXEDINTERP @tab use linear when quadratic seems bad
@tab not set @tab set
@item COMPACTREL @tab special reltol for history compaction
@tab flag @tab RELTOL @tab 1.0e-3
@item COMPACTABS @tab special abstol for history compaction
@tab ABSTOL @tab 1.0e-9
@item TRUNCNR @tab use Newton-Raphson method for timestep control
@tab flag @tab not set @tab set
@item TRUNCDONTCUT @tab don't limit timestep to keep impulse-response
errors low @tab flag @tab not set @tab set
@end multitable
The following types of lines have been implemented so far: RLC (uniform
transmission line with series loss only), RC (uniform RC line), LC
(lossless transmission line), and RG (distributed series resistance and
parallel conductance only). Any other combination will yield erroneous
results and should not be tried. The length LEN of the line must be
specified.
NOSTEPLIMIT is a flag that will remove the default restriction of
limiting time-steps to less than the line delay in the RLC case.
NOCONTROL is a flag that prevents the default limiting of the time-step
based on convolution error criteria in the RLC and RC cases. This
speeds up simulation but may in some cases reduce the accuracy of
results. LININTERP is a flag that, when specified, will use linear
interpolation instead of the default quadratic interpolation for
calculating delayed signals. MIXEDINTERP is a flag that, when
specified, uses a metric for judging whether quadratic interpolation is
not applicable and if so uses linear interpolation; otherwise it uses
the default quadratic interpolation. TRUNCDONTCUT is a flag that
removes the default cutting of the time-step to limit errors in the
actual calculation of impulse-response related quantities. COMPACTREL
and COMPACTABS are quantities that control the compaction of the past
history of values stored for convolution. Larger values of these lower
accuracy but usually increase simulation speed. These are to be used
with the TRYTOCOMPACT option, described in the .OPTIONS section.
TRUNCNR is a flag that turns on the use of Newton-Raphson iterations to
determine an appropriate timestep in the timestep control routines. The
default is a trial and error procedure by cutting the previous timestep
in half. REL and ABS are quantities that control the setting of
breakpoints.
The option most worth experimenting with for increasing the speed of
simulation is REL. The default value of 1 is usually safe from the
point of view of accuracy but occasionally increases computation time.
A value greater than 2 eliminates all breakpoints and may be worth
trying depending on the nature of the rest of the circuit, keeping in
mind that it might not be safe from the viewpoint of accuracy.
Breakpoints may usually be entirely eliminated if it is expected the
circuit will not display sharp discontinuities. Values between 0 and 1
are usually not required but may be used for setting many breakpoints.
COMPACTREL may also be experimented with when the option TRYTOCOMPACT is
specified in a .OPTIONS card. The legal range is between 0 and 1.
Larger values usually decrease the accuracy of the simulation but in
some cases improve speed. If TRYTOCOMPACT is not specified on a
.OPTIONS card, history compaction is not attempted and accuracy is high.
NOCONTROL, TRUNCDONTCUT and NOSTEPLIMIT also tend to increase speed at
the expense of accuracy.
@node Uniform Distributed RC Lines (Lossy), Uniform Distributed RC Model (URC), Lossy Transmission Line Model (LTRA), Transmission Lines
@subsection Uniform Distributed RC Lines (Lossy)
General form:
@example
UXXXXXXX N1 N2 N3 MNAME L=LEN
@end example
Examples:
@example
U1 1 2 0 URCMOD L=50U
URC2 1 12 2 UMODL l=1MIL N=6
@end example
N1 and N2 are the two element nodes the RC line connects, while N3 is
the node to which the capacitances are connected. MNAME is the model
name, LEN is the length of the RC line in meters. LUMPS, if specified,
is the number of lumped segments to use in modelling the RC line (see the
model description for the action taken if this parameter is omitted).
@node Uniform Distributed RC Model (URC), , Uniform Distributed RC Lines (Lossy), Transmission Lines
@subsection Uniform Distributed RC Model (URC)
The URC model is derived from a model proposed by L. Gertzberrg in
1974. The model is accomplished by a subcircuit type expansion of the
URC line into a network of lumped RC segments with internally generated
nodes. The RC segments are in a geometric progression, increasing
toward the middle of the URC line, with @math{K} as a proportionality
constant. The number of lumped segments used, if not specified for the
URC line device, is determined by the following formula:
@tex
$$
N = { \log \left|
F_{\rm max} {R\over L}{C \over L} 2 J L^2
\left| (K - 1) \over K \right|^2
\right| \over \log K }
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
2
| R C |(K-1)| |
_ _ 2
log|F 2 J L |-----| |
max
| L L | K | |
N = ------------------------------
log K
@end example
@end ifnottex
The URC line is made up strictly of resistor and capacitor segments
unless the ISPERL parameter is given a nonzero value, in which case the
capacitors are replaced with reverse biased diodes with a zero-bias
junction capacitance equivalent to the capacitance replaced, and with a
saturation current of ISPERL amps per meter of transmission line and an
optional series resistance equivalent to RSPERL ohms per meter.
@multitable @columnfractions .1 .45 .1 .15 .1 .1
@item name @tab parameter
@tab units @tab default @tab example
@item K @tab Propagation Constant
@tab - @tab 2.0 @tab 1.2
@item FMAX @tab Maximum Frequency of interest
@tab Hz @tab 1.0G @tab 6.5Meg
@item RPERL @tab Resistance per unit length
@tab Z/m @tab 1000 @tab 10
@item CPERL @tab Capacitance per unit length
@tab F/m @tab 1.0e-15 @tab 1pF
@item ISPERL @tab Saturation Current per unit length
@tab A/m @tab 0 @tab -
@item RSPERL @tab Diode Resistance per unit length
@tab Z/m @tab 0 @tab -
@end multitable
@node Transistors and Diodes, , Transmission Lines, Circuit Elements and Models
@section Transistors and Diodes
The area factor used on the diode, BJT, JFET, and MESFET devices
determines the number of equivalent parallel devices of a specified
model. The affected parameters are marked with an asterisk under the
heading 'area' in the model descriptions below. Several geometric
factors associated with the channel and the drain and source diffusions
can be specified on the MOSFET device line.
Two different forms of initial conditions may be specified for some
devices. The first form is included to improve the dc convergence for
circuits that contain more than one stable state. If a device is
specified OFF, the dc operating point is determined with the terminal
voltages for that device set to zero. After convergence is obtained,
the program continues to iterate to obtain the exact value for the
terminal voltages. If a circuit has more than one dc stable state, the
OFF option can be used to force the solution to correspond to a desired
state. If a device is specified OFF when in reality the device is
conducting, the program still obtains the correct solution (assuming the
solutions converge) but more iterations are required since the program
must independently converge to two separate solutions. The .NODESET
control line serves a similar purpose as the OFF option. The .NODESET
option is easier to apply and is the preferred means to aid convergence.
The second form of initial conditions are specified for use with the
transient analysis. These are true 'initial conditions' as opposed to
the convergence aids above. See the description of the .IC control line
and the .TRAN control line for a detailed explanation of initial
conditions.
@menu
* Junction Diodes::
* Diode Model (D)::
* Diode Equations::
* Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)::
* BJT Models (NPN/PNP)::
* Junction Field-Effect Transistors (JFETs)::
* JFET Models (NJF/PJF)::
* MOSFETs::
* MOSFET Models (NMOS/PMOS)::
* MESFETs::
* MESFET Models (NMF/PMF)::
@end menu
@node Junction Diodes, Diode Model (D), Transistors and Diodes, Transistors and Diodes
@subsection Junction Diodes
General form:
@example
DXXXXXXX n+ n- mname
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
DBRIDGE 2 10 DIODE1
DCLMP 3 7 DMOD 3.0 IC=0.2
@end example
The pn junction (diode) implemented in NGSPICE expands the original
spice's implementation. Perimetral effects and high injection level
have been introduced into the original model and temperature dependence
of some parameters has been added.
@option{n+} and @option{n-} are the positive and negative nodes, respectively.
@option{mname} is the model name, @option{area} is the area factor, @option{pj}
is the perimeter factor, and @option{off} indicates an (optional)starting
condition on the device for dc analysis. If the area factor is omitted,
a value of 1.0 is assumed. The (optional) initial condition specification
using @option{ic} is intended for use with the @option{uic} option on
the @code{.tran} control line, when a transient analysis is desired starting
from other than the quiescent operating point. You should supply the inital
voltage across the diode there. The (optional) @option{temp} value is
the temperature at which this device is to operate, and overrides the
temperature specification on the @code{.option} control line. As always,
instance temperature can be specified as an offset to the circuit
temperature with the @option{dtemp} option.
@node Diode Model (D), Diode Equations, Junction Diodes, Transistors and Diodes
@subsection Diode Model (D)
The dc characteristics of the diode are determined by the parameters
@option{IS} and @option{N}. An ohmic resistance, @option{RS}, is
included. Charge storage effects are modelled by a transit time,
@option{TT}, and a nonlinear depletion layer capacitance which is
determined by the parameters @option{CJO}, @option{VJ}, and @option{M}.
The temperature dependence of the saturation current is defined by the
parameters @option{EG}, the energy and @option{XTI}, the saturation
current temperature exponent. The nominal temperature at which these
parameters were measured is @option{TNOM}, which defaults to the
circuit-wide value specified on the @code{.options} control line.
Reverse breakdown is modelled by an exponential increase in the
reverse diode current and is determined by the parameters @option{BV}
and @option{IBV} (both of which are positive numbers).
@sc{Junction DC parameters}
@multitable @columnfractions .10 .40 .1 .15 .15 .10
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example @tab scale factor
@item BV @tab reverse breakdown voltage @tab V @tab infinite @tab 40.0
@item IBV @tab current at breakdown voltage @tab A @tab 1.0e-3 @tab 1.0e-4
@item IK (IKF) @tab forward knee current @tab A @tab 1.0e-3 @tab 1.0e-6
@item IK @tab reverse knee current @tab A @tab 1.0e-3 @tab 1.0e-6
@item IS (JS) @tab saturation current @tab A @tab 1.0e-14 @tab 1.0e-16 @tab area
@item JSW @tab Sidewall saturation current @tab A @tab 1.0e-14 @tab 1.0e-15 @tab perim.
@item N @tab emission coefficient @tab - @tab 1 @tab 1.5
@item RS @tab ohmic resistance @tab Ohm @tab 0 @tab 100 @tab 1/area
@end multitable
@sc{Junction capacitance parameters}
@multitable @columnfractions .10 .40 .1 .15 .15 .10
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example @tab scale factor
@item CJO (CJ0) @tab zero-bias junction bottowall capacitance @tab F @tab 0.0 @tab 2pF @tab area
@item CJP (CJSW) @tab zero-bias junction sidewall capacitance @tab F @tab 0.0 @tab .1pF @tab perim.
@item FC @tab coefficient for forward-bias depletion bottomwall capacitance formula
@tab - @tab 0.5 @tab -
@item FCS @tab coefficient for forward-bias depletion sidewall capacitance formula
@tab - @tab 0.5 @tab -
@item M (MJ) @tab Area junction grading coefficient @tab - @tab 0.5 @tab 0.5
@item MJSW @tab Periphery junction grading coefficient @tab - @tab 0.33 @tab 0.5
@item VJ @tab junction potential @tab V @tab 1 @tab 0.6
@item PHP @tab Periphery junction potential @tab V @tab 1 @tab 0.6
@item TT @tab transit-time @tab sec @tab 0 @tab 0.1ns
@end multitable
@sc{Temperature effects}
@multitable @columnfractions .10 .40 .1 .15 .15 .10
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example @tab scale factor
@item EG @tab activation energy @tab eV @tab 1.11 @tab 1.11 Si
@item @tab @tab @tab @tab 0.69 Sbd
@item @tab @tab @tab @tab 0.67 Ge
@item TM1 @tab 1st order tempco for MJ @tab 1/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0 @tab -
@item TM2 @tab 2nd order tempco for MJ @tab 1/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab -
@item TNOM @tab parameter measurement temperature @tab C @tab 27 @tab 50
@item TRS @tab 1st order tempco for RS @tab 1/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0 @tab -
@item TRS2 @tab 2nd order tempco for RS @tab 1/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab -
@item TTT1 @tab 1st order tempco for TT @tab 1/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0 @tab -
@item TTT2 @tab 2nd order tempco for TT @tab 1/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab -
@item XTI @tab saturation-current temp. exp @tab - @tab 3.0 @tab 3.0 pn
@item @tab @tab @tab @tab 2.0 Sbd
@end multitable
@sc{Noise modeling}
@multitable @columnfractions .10 .40 .1 .15 .15 .10
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example @tab scale factor
@item KF @tab flicker noise coefficient @tab - @tab 0
@item AF @tab flicker noise exponent @tab - @tab 1
@end multitable
@node Diode Equations, Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs), Diode Model (D), Transistors and Diodes
@subsection Diode Equations
The junction diode is the the basic semiconductor device and the simplest
one modeled in NGSPICE, but it's model is quite complex, even if not
all the physical phenomena affecting a pn junction are modelled. The diode
is modeled in three different regions:
@itemize @bullet
@item
Forward bias: the anode is more positive than the cathode, the
diode is "on" and can conduct large currents. To avoid convergence
problems and unrealistic high current, it is better to specify a
series resistance to limit current with @option{RS} model parameter.
@item
Reverse bias: the cathode is more positive than the anode and
the diode is "off". A reverse bias diode conducts a small leakage
current.
@item
Breakdown: the breakdown region is modelled only if the @option{BV}
model parameter is given. When a diode enters breakdown the current
increase exponentially (remember to limit it). @option{BV} is a
positive value.
@end itemize
@sc{Parameters Scaling}
Model parameters are scaled using the unitless parameters @option{AREA}
and @option{PJ} and the multiplier @option{M} as depicted below:
@tex
$$AREA_{eff} = {\rm AREA}\cdot{\rm M} $$
$$PJ_{eff} = {\rm PJ}\cdot{\rm M} $$
$$IS_{eff} = {\rm IS} \cdot AREA_{eff} + {\rm JSW} * PJ_{eff} $$
$$IBV_{eff} = {\rm IBV}\cdot AREA_{eff}$$
$$IK_{eff} = {\rm IK}\cdot AREA_{eff} $$
$$IKR_{eff} = {\rm IKR}\cdot AREA_{eff} $$
$$CJ_{eff} = {\rm CJ0}\cdot AREA_{eff} $$
$$CJP_{eff} = {\rm CJP}\cdot PJ_{eff} $$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
AREAeff = AREA * M
PJeff = PJ * M
ISeff = IS * AREAeff + JSW * PJeff
IKeff = IK * AREAeff
IKReff = IKR * AREAeff
CJeff = CJ0 * AREAeff
CJPeff = CJP * PJeff
@end example
@end ifnottex
@sc{Diode DC, Transient and AC model equations}
@tex
$$
I_D= \cases{IS_{eff} ( e^{q V_D \over N k T} - 1) + V_D * GMIN, &if $V_D \geq -3{NkT \over q}$\cr
-IS_{eff} [1 + ({3NkT \over q V_D e })^3] + V_D * GMIN , &if $-BV_{eff} mname
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
Q23 10 24 13 QMOD IC=0.6, 5.0
Q50A 11 26 4 20 MOD1
@end example
@option{nc}, @option{nb}, and @option{ne} are the collector, base, and
emitter nodes, respectively. @option{ns} is the (optional) substrate
node.If unspecified, ground is used. @option{mname} is the model name,
@option{area}, @option{areab}, @option{areac} are the area factors, and
@option{off} indicates an (optional) initial condition on the device
for the dc analysis. If the area factor is omitted, a value of 1.0 is
assumed. The (optional) initial condition specification using
@option{ic=vbe, vce} is intended for use with the @option{uic}
@command{.tran} control line, when a transient analysis is desired
starting from other than the quiescent operating point. See the
@command{.ic} control line description for a better way to set
transient initial conditions. The (optional) @option{temp} value is
the temperature at which this device is to operate, and overrides the
temperature specification on the @command{.option} control line. Using
@option{dtemp} option you can specify instance's temperature relative
to the circuit temperature.
@node BJT Models (NPN/PNP), Junction Field-Effect Transistors (JFETs), Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs), Transistors and Diodes
@subsection BJT Models (NPN/PNP)
NGSPICE provides two BJT device models. The @option{level} specifies the
model to be used:
@itemize @bullet
@item level=1 : This is the original spice BJT model, and it is the
default model if the @option{level} keyword is not
specified on the @command{.model} line.
@item level=2 : This is a modified version of the original spice
BJT that models both vertical and lateral devices and
includes temperature corrections of collector,
emitter and base resistors.
@end itemize
The bipolar junction transistor model in NGSPICE is an adaptation of the
integral charge control model of Gummel and Poon. This modified
Gummel-Poon model extends the original model to include several effects
at high bias levels. The model automatically simplifies to the simpler
Ebers-Moll model when certain parameters are not specified. The
parameter names used in the modified Gummel-Poon model have been chosen
to be more easily understood by the program user, and to reflect better
both physical and circuit design thinking.
The dc model is defined by the parameters @option{IS}, @option{BF},
@option{NF}, @option{ISE}, @option{IKF}, amd @option{NE} which determine
the forward current gain characteristics, @option{IS}, @option{BR},
@option{NR}, @option{ISC}, @option{IKR}, and @option{NC} which determine
the reverse current gain characteristics, and @option{VAF} and @option{VAR}
which determine the output conductance for forward and reverse regions.
Level 2 model includes substrate saturation current @option{ISS}.
Three ohmic resistances @option{RB}, @option{RC}, and @option{RE}
are included, where @option{RB} can be high current dependent. Base charge
storage is modelled by forward and reverse transit times, @option{TF} and
@option{TR}, the forward transit time @option{TF} being bias dependent if
desired, and nonlinear depletion layer capacitances which are determined by
@option{CJE}, @option{VJE}, and @option{NJE} for the B-E junction, @option{CJC},
@option{VJC}, and @option{NJC} for the B-C junction and @option{CJS},
@option{VJS}, and @option{MJS} for the C-S (Collector-Substrate) junction.
Level 2 model defines a substrate capacitance that will be connected to
device's base or collector, to model lateral or vertical devices.
The temperature dependence of the saturation currents, @option{IS} and
@option{ISS} (for level 2 model), is determined by the energy-gap,
@option{EG}, and the saturation current temperature exponent, @option{XTI}.
Additionally base current temperature dependence is modelled by the beta
temperature exponent @option{XTB} in the new model. The values specified
are assumed to have been measured at the temperature @option{TNOM}, which
can be specified on the @command{.options} control line or overridden by
a specification on the @command{.model} line.
The BJT parameters used in the modified Gummel-Poon model are listed
below. The parameter names used in earlier versions of SPICE2 are still
accepted.
Modified Gummel-Poon BJT Parameters:
@multitable @columnfractions .1 .40 .10 .15 .15 .1
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example @tab scale factor
@item SUBS @tab substrate connection: 1 for
vertical geometry, -1 for
lateral geometry.
(level 2 only) @tab 1 @tab
@tab 1.0e-15 @tab
@item IS @tab transport saturation current @tab A @tab 1.0e-16
@tab 1.0e-15 @tab area
@item ISS @tab reverse saturation current,
substrate-to-collector for
vertical device or
substrate-to-base for lateral
(level 2 only) @tab A @tab 1.0e-16
@tab 1.0e-15 @tab area
@item BF @tab ideal maximum forward beta @tab - @tab 100 @tab 100
@item NF @tab forward current emission
coefficient @tab - @tab 1.0 @tab 1
@item VAF @tab forward Early voltage @tab V @tab infinite @tab 200
@item IKF @tab corner for forward beta
current roll-off @tab A @tab infinite
@tab 0.01 @tab area
@item ISE @tab B-E leakage saturation current @tab A @tab 0 @tab 1.0e-13
@tab area
@item NE @tab B-E leakage emission coefficient @tab - @tab 1.5 @tab 2
@item BR @tab ideal maximum reverse beta @tab - @tab 1 @tab 0.1
@item NR @tab reverse current emission coefficient @tab - @tab 1
@tab 1
@item VAR @tab reverse Early voltage @tab V @tab infinite @tab 200
@item IKR @tab corner for reverse beta high current roll-off
@tab A @tab infinite @tab 0.01 @tab area
@item ISC @tab B-C leakage saturation current
(area is "areab" for vertical
devices and "areac" for lateral) @tab A @tab 0
@tab 1.0e-13 @tab area
@item NC @tab B-C leakage emission coefficient @tab - @tab 2 @tab 1.5
@item RB @tab zero bias base resistance @tab Z @tab 0 @tab 100 @tab area
@item IRB @tab current where base
resistance falls halfway
to its min value @tab A @tab infinite @tab 0.1 @tab area
@item RBM @tab minimum base resistance at high currents @tab Z
@tab RB 10 @tab area
@item RE @tab emitter resistance @tab Z @tab 0 @tab 1 @tab area
@item RC @tab collector resistance @tab Z @tab 0 @tab 10 @tab area
@item CJE @tab B-E zero-bias depletion capacitance @tab F @tab 0
@tab 2pF @tab area
@item VJE @tab B-E built-in potential @tab V @tab 0.75 @tab 0.6
@item MJE @tab B-E junction exponential factor @tab - @tab 0.33 @tab 0.33
@item TF @tab ideal forward transit time @tab sec @tab 0 @tab 0.1ns
@item XTF @tab coefficient for bias dependence of TF @tab - @tab 0
@item VTF @tab voltage describing VBC dependence of TF @tab V @tab infinite
@item ITF @tab high-current parameter for effect on TF @tab A
@tab 0 @tab - @tab area
@item PTF @tab excess phase at freq=1.0/(TF*2PI) Hz @tab deg @tab 0
@item CJC @tab B-C zero-bias depletion capacitance
(area is "areab" for vertical
devices and "areac" for lateral) @tab F @tab 0
@tab 2pF @tab area
@item VJC @tab B-C built-in potential @tab V @tab 0.75 @tab 0.5
@item MJC @tab B-C junction exponential factor @tab - @tab 0.33 @tab 0.5
@item XCJC @tab fraction of B-C depletion capacitance connected to
internal base node @tab - @tab 1
@item TR @tab ideal reverse transit time @tab sec @tab 0 @tab 10ns
@item CJS @tab zero-bias collector-substrate capacitance
(area is "areac" for vertical devices and
"areab" for lateral) @tab F @tab 0
@tab 2pF @tab area
@item VJS @tab substrate junction built-in potential @tab V @tab 0.75
@item MJS @tab substrate junction exponential factor @tab - @tab 0 @tab 0.5
@item XTB @tab forward and reverse beta temperature exponent @tab - @tab
0
@item EG @tab energy gap for temperature effect on IS @tab eV @tab 1.11
@item XTI @tab temperature exponent for effect on IS @tab - @tab 3
@item KF @tab flicker-noise coefficient @tab - @tab 0
@item AF @tab flicker-noise exponent @tab - @tab 1
@item FC @tab coefficient for forward-bias depletion capacitance formula
@tab - @tab 0.5 @tab o
@item TNOM @tab Parameter measurement temperature @tab @math{^o}C @tab 27 @tab 50
@item TRE1 @tab 1st order temperature coefficient for RE
(level 2 only) @tab 1/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-3
@item TRE2 @tab 2nd order temperature coefficient for RE
(level 2 only) @tab 1/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-5
@item TRC1 @tab 1st order temperature coefficient for RC
(level 2 only )@tab 1/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-3
@item TRC2 @tab 2nd order temperature coefficient for RC
(level 2 only) @tab 1/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-5
@item TRB1 @tab 1st order temperature coefficient for RB
(level 2 only) @tab 1/@math{^o}C @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-3
@item TRB2 @tab 2nd order temperature coefficient for RB
(level 2 only) @tab 1/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 1e-5
@item TRB1 @tab 1st order temperature coefficient for RBM
(level 2 only) @tab 1/@math{^o}C @tab TRB1 @tab 1e-3
@item TRB2 @tab 2nd order temperature coefficient for RBM
(level 2 only) @tab 1/@math{^o}C@math{^2} @tab TRB2 @tab 1e-5
@end multitable
@node Junction Field-Effect Transistors (JFETs), JFET Models (NJF/PJF), BJT Models (NPN/PNP), Transistors and Diodes
@subsection Junction Field-Effect Transistors (JFETs)
General form:
@example
JXXXXXXX ND NG NS MNAME
@end example
Examples:
@example
J1 7 2 3 JM1 OFF
@end example
ND, NG, and NS are the drain, gate, and source nodes, respectively.
MNAME is the model name, AREA is the area factor, and OFF indicates an
(optional) initial condition on the device for dc analysis. If the area
factor is omitted, a value of 1.0 is assumed. The (optional) initial
condition specification, using IC=VDS, VGS is intended for use with the
UIC option on the .TRAN control line, when a transient analysis is
desired starting from other than the quiescent operating point. See the
.IC control line for a better way to set initial conditions. The
(optional) TEMP value is the temperature at which this device is to
operate, and overrides the temperature specification on the .OPTION
control line.
@node JFET Models (NJF/PJF), MOSFETs, Junction Field-Effect Transistors (JFETs), Transistors and Diodes
@subsection JFET Models (NJF/PJF)
The JFET model is derived from the FET model of Shichman and Hodges.
The dc characteristics are defined by the parameters VTO and BETA, which
determine the variation of drain current with gate voltage, LAMBDA,
which determines the output conductance, and IS, the saturation current
of the two gate junctions. Two ohmic resistances, RD and RS, are
included. Charge storage is modelled by nonlinear depletion layer
capacitances for both gate junctions which vary as the -1/2 power of
junction voltage and are defined by the parameters CGS, CGD, and PB.
Note that in Spice3f and later, a fitting parameter B has been added.
For details, see [9].
@multitable @columnfractions .1 .45 .15 .15 .15 .1
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example @tab area
@item VTO @tab threshold voltage (@math{V_T0}) @tab V @tab -2.0 @tab -2.0
@item BETA @tab transconductance parameter (B)
@tab A/V@math{^2} @tab 1.0e-4 @tab 1.0e-3 @tab *
@item LAMBDA @tab channel-length modulation parameter (L)
@tab 1/V @tab 0 @tab 1.0e-4
@item RD @tab drain ohmic resistance @tab Z @tab 0 @tab 100 @tab *
@item RS @tab source ohmic resistance @tab Z @tab 0 @tab 100 @tab *
@item CGS @tab zero-bias G-S junction capacitance (@math{C_gs})
@tab F @tab 0 @tab 5pF @tab *
@item CGD @tab zero-bias G-D junction capacitance (@math{C_gs})
@tab F @tab 0 @tab 1pF @tab *
@item PB @tab gate junction potential @tab V @tab 1 @tab 0.6
@item IS @tab gate junction saturation current (@math{I_S})
@tab A @tab 1.0e-14 @tab 1.0e-14 @tab *
@item B @tab doping tail parameter @tab - @tab 1 @tab 1.1
@item KF @tab flicker noise coefficient @tab - @tab 0
@item AF @tab flicker noise exponent @tab - @tab 1
@item FC @tab coefficient for forward-bias depletion capacitance formula
@tab - @tab 0.5
@item TNOM @tab parameter measurement temperature
@tab @math{^o}C @tab 27 @tab 50
@end multitable
@node MOSFETs, MOSFET Models (NMOS/PMOS), JFET Models (NJF/PJF), Transistors and Diodes
@subsection MOSFETs
General form:
@example
MXXXXXXX ND NG NS NB MNAME
+
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
M1 24 2 0 20 TYPE1
M31 2 17 6 10 MODM L=5U W=2U
M1 2 9 3 0 MOD1 L=10U W=5U AD=100P AS=100P PD=40U PS=40U
@end example
ND, NG, NS, and NB are the drain, gate, source, and bulk (substrate)
nodes, respectively. MNAME is the model name. M is the multiplicity
parameter, which simulates m paralleled devices. All MOS models
support the "M" parameter. L and W are the channel length and width,
in meters. AD and AS are the areas of the drain and source diffusions,
in meters@math{^2}.
Note that the suffix U specifies microns (1e-6 m) and P sq-microns
(1e-12 m@math{^2}). If any of L, W, AD, or AS are not specified,
default values are used. The use of defaults simplifies input file
preparation, as well as the editing required if device geometries are
to be changed. PD and PS are the perimeters of the drain and source
junctions, in meters. NRD and NRS designate the equivalent number of
squares of the drain and source diffusions; these values multiply the
sheet resistance RSH specified on the .MODEL control line for an
accurate representation of the parasitic series drain and source
resistance of each transistor. PD and PS default to 0.0 while NRD
and NRS to 1.0. OFF indicates an (optional) initial condition on the
device for dc analysis. The (optional) initial condition specification
using IC=VDS, VGS, VBS is intended for use with the UIC option on the
.TRAN control line, when a transient analysis is desired starting from
other than the quiescent operating point. See the .IC control line for
a better and more convenient way to specify transient initial conditions.
The (optional) TEMP value is the temperature at which this device is to
operate, and overrides the temperature specification on the .OPTION
control line. The temperature specification is ONLY valid for level 1,
2, 3, and 6 MOSFETs, not for level 4 or 5 (BSIM) devices.
@node MOSFET Models (NMOS/PMOS), MESFETs, MOSFETs, Transistors and Diodes
@subsection MOSFET Models (NMOS/PMOS)
MOSFET models are the central part of NGSPICE, probably because they are
the most widely used devices in the electronics world. NGSPICE provides
all the MOSFETs implemented in the original Spice3f and adds several models
developed by Berkeley's Device Group and other independent groups. Not all
models below are included in the standard NGSPICE distribution because of
copyright restrictions.
NGSPICE provides four MOSFET device models, which differ in the
formulation of the I-V characteristic. The variable LEVEL specifies the
model to be used:
@multitable @columnfractions .10 .33 .50
@item LEVEL @tab Model @tab Notes
@item 1 @tab Shichman-Hodges @tab The classical model
@item 2 @tab MOS2 @tab Described in [2]
@item 3 @tab MOS3 @tab A semi-empirical model (see [1])
@item 4 @tab BSIM @tab Described in [3]
@item 5 @tab BSIM2 @tab Described in [5]
@item 6 @tab MOS6 @tab Described in [2]
@item 8 @tab BSIM3 @tab Described in [13]
@item 9 @tab MOS9 @tab n/a
@item 10 @tab B3SOI @tab n/a
@item 14 @tab BSIM4 @tab n/a
@item 17 @tab HiSIM1 @tab n/a
@item 29 @tab B3SOIPD @tab n/a
@item 30 @tab B3SOIFD @tab n/a
@item 31 @tab B3SOIDD @tab n/a
@item 14 @tab BSIM4 @tab n/a
@item 44 @tab EKV @tab n/a
@item 49 @tab BSIM3v1s @tab n/a (Serban Version)
@item 50 @tab BSIM3v1 @tab n/a (Berkeley Version)
@item 51 @tab BSIM3v1a @tab n/a (Alan Version)
@item 52 @tab BSIM3v0 @tab n/a (Berkeley Version)
@item 62 @tab STAG @tab n/a
@end multitable
Level 44 model (EKV) is not available in the standard distribution since
it is not released in source form. To obtain the code please refer to
the @uref{http://legwww.epfl.ch/ekv/, EKV group home page}.
The dc characteristics of the level 1 through level 3 MOSFETs are
defined by the device parameters VTO, KP, LAMBDA, PHI and GAMMA. These
parameters are computed by NGSPICE if process parameters (NSUB, TOX, ...)
are given, but users specified values always override. VTO is positive
(negative) for enhancement mode and negative (positive) for depletion
mode N-channel (P-channel) devices. Charge storage is modelled by three
constant capacitors, CGSO, CGDO, and CGBO which represent overlap
capacitances, by the nonlinear thin-oxide capacitance which is
distributed among the gate, source, drain, and bulk regions, and by the
nonlinear depletion-layer capacitances for both substrate junctions
divided into bottom and periphery, which vary as the MJ and MJSW power
of junction voltage respectively, and are determined by the parameters
CBD, CBS, CJ, CJSW, MJ, MJSW and PB. Charge storage effects are modelled
by the piecewise linear voltages-dependent capacitance model proposed by
Meyer. The thin-oxide charge-storage effects are treated slightly
different for the LEVEL=1 model. These voltage-dependent capacitances
are included only if TOX is specified in the input description and they
are represented using Meyer's formulation.
There is some overlap among the parameters describing the junctions,
e.g. the reverse current can be input either as IS (in A) or as JS (in
A/m@math{^2}). Whereas the first is an absolute value the second is
multiplied by AD and AS to give the reverse current of the drain and
source junctions respectively. This methodology has been chosen since
there is no sense in relating always junction characteristics with AD
and AS entered on the device line; the areas can be defaulted. The same
idea applies also to the zero-bias junction capacitances CBD and CBS (in
F) on one hand, and CJ (in F/m@math{^2}) on the other. The parasitic
drain and source series resistance can be expressed as either RD and RS
(in ohms) or RSH (in ohms/sq.), the latter being multiplied by the
number of squares NRD and NRS input on the device line.
A discontinuity in the MOS level 3 model with respect to the KAPPA
parameter has been detected (see [10]). The supplied fix has been
implemented in Spice3f2 and later. Since this fix may affect parameter
fitting, the option "BADMOS3" may be set to use the old implementation
(see the section on simulation variables and the ".OPTIONS" line).
NGSPICE level 1, 2, 3 and 6 parameters:
@multitable @columnfractions .1 .45 .15 .15 .15
@item name @tab parameter
@tab units @tab default @tab example
@item LEVEL @tab model index
@tab - @tab 1
@item VTO @tab zero-bias threshold voltage (@math{V_T0})
@tab V @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0
@item KP @tab transconductance parameter
@tab @math{A/V^2} @tab 2.0e-5 @tab 3.1e-5
@item GAMMA @tab bulk threshold parameter
@tab @math{V^1/2} @tab 0.0 @tab 0.37
@item PHI @tab surface potential (U)
@tab V @tab 0.6 @tab 0.65
@item LAMBDA @tab channel-length modulation (MOS1 and MOS2 only) (L)
@tab 1/V @tab 0.0 @tab 0.02
@item RD @tab drain ohmic resistance
@tab Z @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0
@item RS @tab source ohmic resistance
@tab Z @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0
@item CBD @tab zero-bias B-D junction capacitance
@tab F @tab 0.0 @tab 20fF
@item CBS @tab zero-bias B-S junction capacitance
@tab F @tab 0.0 @tab 20fF
@item IS @tab bulk junction saturation current (@math{I_S})
@tab A @tab 1.0e-14 @tab 1.0e-15
@item PB @tab bulk junction potential
@tab V @tab 0.8 @tab 0.87
@item CGSO @tab gate-source overlap capacitance per meter channel width
@tab F/m @tab 0.0 @tab 4.0e-11
@item CGDO @tab gate-drain overlap capacitance per meter channel width
@tab F/m @tab 0.0 @tab 4.0e-11
@item CGBO @tab gate-bulk overlap capacitance per meter channel length
@tab F/m @tab 0.0 @tab 2.0e-10
@item RSH @tab drain and source diffusion sheet resistance
@tab Z/[] @tab 0.0 @tab 10.0
@item CJ @tab zero-bias bulk junction bottom cap. per sq-meter of junction area
@tab @math{F/m^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 2.0e-4
@item MJ @tab bulk junction bottom grading coeff.
@tab - @tab 0.5 @tab 0.5
@item CJSW @tab zero-bias bulk junction sidewall cap. per meter of junction perimeter
@tab F/m @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0e-9
@item MJSW @tab bulk junction sidewall grading coeff.
@tab - @tab 0.50(level1), 0.33(level2, 3)
@item JS @tab bulk junction saturation current per sq-meter of junction area
@tab @math{A/m^2} @tab 1.0e-8
@item TOX @tab oxide thickness
@tab meter @tab 1.0e-7 @tab 1.0e-7
@item NSUB @tab substrate doping
@tab @math{1/cm^3} @tab 0.0 @tab 4.0e15
@item NSS @tab surface state density
@tab @math{1/cm^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0e10
@item NFS @tab fast surface state density
@tab @math{1/cm^2} @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0e10
@item TPG @tab type of gate material:
+1 opp. to substrate, -1 same as substrate, 0 Al gate
@tab - @tab 1.0
@item XJ @tab metallurgical junction depth
@tab meter @tab 0.0 @tab 1M
@item LD @tab lateral diffusion
@tab meter @tab 0.0 @tab 0.8M
@item UO @tab surface mobility
@tab @math{cm^2/Vs} @tab 600 @tab 700
@item UCRIT @tab critical field for mobility degradation (MOS2 only)
@tab V/cm @tab 1.0e4 @tab 1.0e4
@item UEXP @tab critical field exponent in mobility degradation (MOS2 only)
@tab - @tab 0.0 @tab 0.1
@item UTRA @tab transverse field coeff. (mobility) (deleted for MOS2)
@tab - @tab 0.0 @tab 0.3
@item VMAX @tab maximum drift velocity of carriers
@tab m/s @tab 0.0 @tab 5.0e4
@item NEFF @tab total channel-charge (fixed and mobile) coefficient (MOS2 only)
@tab - @tab 1.0 @tab 5.0
@item KF @tab flicker noise coefficient
@tab - @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0e-26
@item AF @tab flicker noise exponent
@tab - @tab 1.0 @tab 1.2
@item FC @tab coefficient for forward-bias depletion capacitance formula
@tab - @tab 0.5
@item DELTA @tab width effect on threshold voltage (MOS2 and MOS3)
@tab - @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0
@item THETA @tab mobility modulation (MOS3 only)
@tab 1/V @tab 0.0 @tab 0.1
@item ETA @tab static feedback (MOS3 only)
@tab - @tab 0.0 @tab 1.0
@item KAPPA @tab saturation field factor (MOS3 only)
@tab - @tab 0.2 @tab 0.5
@item TNOM @tab parameter measurement temperature
@tab @math{^o}C @tab 27 @tab 50
@end multitable
The level 3 model available into ngspice takes into account
length and width mask adjustments (@code{xl} and @code{xw})
and device width narrowing due to diffusion (@code{wd}).
The level 4 and level 5 (BSIM1 and BSIM2) parameters are all values
obtained from process characterization, and can be generated
automatically. J. Pierret [4] describes a means of generating a
'process' file, and the program Proc2Mod provided with NGSPICE converts
this file into a sequence of BSIM1 ".MODEL" lines suitable for inclusion
in a NGSPICE input file. Parameters marked below with an * in the l/w
column also have corresponding parameters with a length and width
dependency. For example, VFB is the basic parameter with units of
Volts, and LVFB and WVFB also exist and have units of Volt-Mmeter The
formula
@tex
$$
P = P_0 + { P_L \over L_{\rm effective} } + { P_W \over W_{\rm effective} }
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
P P
L W
P = P + ---------- + ----------
0
L W
effective effective
@end example
@end ifnottex
is used to evaluate the parameter for the actual device specified with
@tex
$$
L_{\rm effective} = L_{\rm input} - DL
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
L = L - DL
effective input
@end example
@end ifnottex
and
@tex
$$
W_{\rm effective} = W_{\rm input} - DW
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
W = W - DW
effective input
@end example
@end ifnottex
Note that unlike the other models in NGSPICE, the BSIM model is designed
for use with a process characterization system that provides all the
parameters, thus there are no defaults for the parameters, and leaving
one out is considered an error. For an example set of parameters and
the format of a process file, see the SPICE2 implementation notes[3].
For more information on BSIM2, see reference [5].
NGSPICE BSIM (level 4) parameters.
@multitable @columnfractions .15 .55 .20 .10
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab l/w
@item VFB @tab flat-band voltage @tab V @tab *
@item PHI @tab surface inversion potential @tab V @tab *
@item K1 @tab body effect coefficient @tab V@math{^(1/2)} @tab *
@item K2 @tab drain/source depletion charge-sharing coefficient @tab - @tab *
@item ETA @tab zero-bias drain-induced barrier-lowering coefficient @tab - @tab *
@item MUZ @tab zero-bias mobility @tab cm@math{^2}/V-s @tab
@item DL @tab shortening of channel @tab Mm @tab
@item DW @tab narrowing of channel @tab Mm @tab
@item U0 @tab zero-bias transverse-field mobility degradation
coefficient @tab V@math{^-1} @tab *
@item U1 @tab zero-bias velocity saturation coefficient @tab Mm/V @tab *
@item X2MZ @tab sens. of mobility to substrate bias at V_ds=0 @tab cm@math{^2}/V-s @tab *
@item X2E @tab sens. of drain-induced barrier lowering effect to
substrate bias @tab V@math{^-1} @tab *
@item X3E @tab sens. of drain-induced barrier lowering effect to
drain bias at V_ds=V_dd @tab V@math{^-1} @tab *
@item X2U0 @tab sens. of transverse field mobility degradation
effect to substrate bias @tab V@math{^2} @tab *
@item X2U1 @tab sens. of velocity saturation effect to substrate
bias @tab MmV@math{^2} @tab *
@item MUS @tab mobility at zero substrate bias and at V_ds=V_dd @tab cm@math{^2}/V@math{^2}-s @tab
@item X2MS @tab sens. of mobility to substrate bias at V_ds=V_dd @tab cm@math{^2}/V@math{^2}-s @tab *
@item X3MS @tab sens. of mobility to drain bias at V_ds=V_dd @tab cm@math{^2}/V@math{^2}-s @tab *
@item X3U1 @tab sens. of velocity saturation effect on drain bias
at V_ds=V_dd @tab MmV@math{^2} @tab *
@item TOX @tab gate oxide thickness @tab Mm @tab
@item TEMP @tab temperature at which parameters were measured @tab C @tab
@item VDD @tab measurement bias range @tab V @tab
@item CGDO @tab gate-drain overlap capacitance per meter channel
width @tab F/m @tab
@item CGSO @tab gate-source overlap capacitance per meter channel
width @tab F/m @tab
@item CGBO @tab gate-bulk overlap capacitance per meter channel
length @tab F/m @tab
@item XPART @tab gate-oxide capacitance-charge model flag @tab - @tab
@item N0 @tab zero-bias subthreshold slope coefficient @tab - @tab *
@item NB @tab sens. of subthreshold slope to substrate bias @tab - @tab *
@item ND @tab sens. of subthreshold slope to drain bias @tab - @tab *
@item RSH @tab drain and source diffusion sheet resistance @tab Z/[] @tab
@item JS @tab source drain junction current density @tab A/m@math{^2} @tab
@item PB @tab built in potential of source drain junction @tab V @tab
@item MJ @tab Grading coefficient of source drain junction @tab - @tab
@item BSW @tab built in potential of source, drain junction
sidewall @tab V @tab
@item MJSW @tab grading coefficient of source drain junction
sidewall @tab - @tab
@item CJ @tab Source drain junction capacitance per unit area @tab F/m@math{^2} @tab
@item CJSW @tab source drain junction sidewall capacitance per
unit length @tab F/m @tab
@item WDF @tab source drain junction default width @tab m @tab
@item DELL @tab Source drain junction length reduction @tab m @tab
@end multitable
XPART = 0 selects a 40/60 drain/source charge partition in saturation,
while XPART=1 selects a 0/100 drain/source charge partition.
ND, NG, and NS are the drain, gate, and source nodes, respectively.
MNAME is the model name, AREA is the area factor, and OFF indicates an
(optional) initial condition on the device for dc analysis. If the area
factor is omitted, a value of 1.0 is assumed. The (optional) initial
condition specification, using IC=VDS, VGS is intended for use with the
UIC option on the .TRAN control line, when a transient analysis is
desired starting from other than the quiescent operating point. See the
.IC control line for a better way to set initial conditions.
@node MESFETs, MESFET Models (NMF/PMF), MOSFET Models (NMOS/PMOS), Transistors and Diodes
@subsection MESFETs
General form:
@example
ZXXXXXXX ND NG NS MNAME
@end example
Examples:
@example
Z1 7 2 3 ZM1 OFF
@end example
@node MESFET Models (NMF/PMF), , MESFETs, Transistors and Diodes
@subsection MESFET Models (NMF/PMF)
The MESFET model is derived from the GaAs FET model of Statz et al. as
described in [11]. The dc characteristics are defined by the parameters
VTO, B, and BETA, which determine the variation of drain current with
gate voltage, ALPHA, which determines saturation voltage, and LAMBDA,
which determines the output conductance. The formula are given by:
@tex
$$
\cases{I_d = {B (V_{gs} - V_T)^2 \over 1 + b(V_{gs} - V_T)}
\left| 1 - \left| 1 - A {V_{ds} \over 3 } \right|^3 \right|
(1 + L V_{ds}) & for $0 < V_{ds} < 3/A$ \cr
I_d = {B (V_{gs} - V_T)^2 \over 1 + b(V_{gs} - V_T)}
(1 + L V_{ds}) & for $V_{ds} > 3/A$ \cr}
$$
@end tex
@ifnottex
@example
3
2
B (V -V ) | | V | | 3
gs T ds _
I = --------------- |1 - |1-A---| |(1 + L V ) for 0 < V <
d ds ds
1 + b(V - V ) | | 3 | | A
gs T
2
B (V -V ) 3
gs T _
I = ---------------(1 + L V ) for V >
d ds ds
1 + b(V - V ) A
gs T
@end example
@end ifnottex
Two ohmic resistances, RD and RS, are included. Charge storage is
modeled by total gate charge as a function of gate-drain and gate-source
voltages and is defined by the parameters CGS, CGD, and PB.
@multitable {LAMBDA} {channel-length modulation parameter} {units} {default} {example} {area}
@item name @tab parameter @tab units @tab default @tab example @tab area
@item VTO @tab pinch-off voltage @tab V @tab -2.0 @tab -2.0
@item BETA @tab transconductance parameter @tab A/V@math{^2} @tab 1.0e-4 @tab 1.0e-3 @tab *
@item B @tab doping tail extending parameter @tab 1/V @tab 0.3 @tab 0.3 @tab *
@item ALPHA @tab saturation voltage parameter @tab 1/V @tab 2 @tab 2 @tab *
@item LAMBDA @tab channel-length modulation parameter @tab 1/V @tab 0 @tab 1.0e-4
@item RD @tab drain ohmic resistance @tab Z @tab 0 @tab 100 @tab *
@item RS @tab source ohmic resistance @tab Z @tab 0 @tab 100 @tab *
@item CGS @tab zero-bias G-S junction capacitance @tab F @tab 0 @tab 5pF @tab *
@item CGD @tab zero-bias G-D junction capacitance @tab F @tab 0 @tab 1pF @tab *
@item PB @tab gate junction potential @tab V @tab 1 @tab 0.6
@item KF @tab flicker noise coefficient @tab - @tab 0
@item AF @tab flicker noise exponent @tab - @tab 1
@item FC @tab coefficient for forward-bias
depletion capacitance formula @tab - @tab 0.5
@end multitable
@node Analyses and Output Control, Interactive Interpreter, Circuit Elements and Models, Top
@chapter Analyses and Output Control
The following command lines are for specifying analyses or plots within
the circuit description file. Parallel commands exist in the
interactive command interpreter (detailed in the following section).
Specifying analyses and plots (or tables) in the input file is useful
for batch runs. Batch mode is entered when either the -b option is
given or when the default input source is redirected from a file. In
batch mode, the analyses specified by the control lines in the input
file (e.g. ".ac", ".tran", etc.) are immediately executed (unless
".control" lines exists; see the section on the interactive command
interpreter). If the -r rawfile option is given then all data generated
is written to a Ngspice rawfile. The rawfile may be read by either the
interactive mode of Ngspice or by nutmeg; see the previous section for
details. In this case, the .SAVE line (see below) may be used to record
the value of internal device variables (see Appendix B).
If a rawfile is not specified, then output plots (in "line-printer"
form) and tables can be printed according to the .PRINT, .PLOT, and
.FOUR control lines, described next. .PLOT, .PRINT, and .FOUR lines are
meant for compatibility with Spice2.
@menu
* Simulator Variables (.OPTIONS)::
* Initial Conditions::
* Analyses::
* Batch Output::
@end menu
@node Simulator Variables (.OPTIONS), Initial Conditions, Analyses and Output Control, Analyses and Output Control
@section Simulator Variables (.OPTIONS)
Various parameters of the simulations available in Ngspice can be altered
to control the accuracy, speed, or default values for some devices.
These parameters may be changed via the "set" command (described later
in the section on the interactive front-end) or via the ".OPTIONS" line:
General form:
@example
.OPTIONS OPT1 OPT2 ... (or OPT=OPTVAL ...)
@end example
Examples:
@example
.OPTIONS RELTOL=.005 TRTOL=8
@end example
The options line allows the user to reset program control and user
options for specific simulation purposes. Additional options for Nutmeg
may be specified as well and take effect when Nutmeg reads the input
file. Options specified to Nutmeg via the 'set' command are also passed
on to NGSPICE as if specified on a .OPTIONS line. See the following
section on the interactive command interpreter for the parameters which
may be set with a .OPTIONS line and the format of the 'set' command.
Any combination of the following options may be included, in any order.
'x' (below) represents some positive number.
@vtable @code
@item ABSTOL=x
resets the absolute current error tolerance of the program. The default
value is 1 picoamp.
@item BADMOS3
Use the older version of the MOS3 model with the "kappa" discontinuity.
@item CHGTOL=x
resets the charge tolerance of the program. The default value is
1.0e-14.
@item DEFAD=x
resets the value for MOS drain diffusion area; the default is 0.0.
@item DEFAS=x
resets the value for MOS source diffusion area; the default is 0.0.
@item DEFL=x
resets the value for MOS channel length; the default is 100.0
micrometer.
@item DEFW=x
resets the value for MOS channel width; the default is 100.0 micrometer.
@item GMIN=x
resets the value of GMIN, the minimum conductance allowed by the
program. The default value is 1.0e-12.
@item ITL1=x
resets the dc iteration limit. The default is 100.
@item ITL2=x
resets the dc transfer curve iteration limit. The default is 50.
@item ITL3=x
resets the lower transient analysis iteration limit. the default value
is 4. (Note: not implemented in Ngspice).
@item ITL4=x
resets the transient analysis timepoint iteration limit. the default is
10.
@item ITL5=x
resets the transient analysis total iteration limit. the default is
5000. Set ITL5=0 to omit this test. (Note: not implemented in Ngspice).
@item KEEPOPINFO
Retain the operating point information when either an AC, Distortion, or
Pole-Zero analysis is run. This is particularly useful if the circuit
is large and you do not want to run a (redundant) ".OP" analysis.
@item METHOD=name
sets the numerical integration method used by NGSPICE. Possible names are
"Gear" or "trapezoidal" (or just "trap"). The default is trapezoidal.
@item PIVREL=x
resets the relative ratio between the largest column entry and an
acceptable pivot value. The default value is 1.0e-3. In the numerical
pivoting algorithm the allowed minimum pivot value is determined by
EPSREL=AMAX1(PIVREL*MAXVAL, PIVTOL) where MAXVAL is the maximum element
in the column where a pivot is sought (partial pivoting).
@item PIVTOL=x
resets the absolute minimum value for a matrix entry to be accepted as a
pivot. The default value is 1.0e-13.
@item RELTOL=x
resets the relative error tolerance of the program. The default value
is 0.001 (0.1%).
@item TEMP=x
Resets the operating temperature of the circuit. The default value is
27 deg C (300 deg K). TEMP can be overridden by a temperature
specification on any temperature dependent instance.
@item TNOM=x
resets the nominal temperature at which device parameters are measured.
The default value is 27 deg C (300 deg K). TNOM can be overridden by a
specification on any temperature dependent device model.
@item TRTOL=x
resets the transient error tolerance. The default value is 7.0. This
parameter is an estimate of the factor by which NGSPICE overestimates the
actual truncation error.
@item TRYTOCOMPACT
Applicable only to the LTRA model. When specified, the simulator tries
to condense LTRA transmission lines' past history of input voltages and
currents.
@item VNTOL=x
resets the absolute voltage error tolerance of the program. The default
value is 1 microvolt.
@end vtable
In addition, the following options have the listed effect when operating
in spice2 emulation mode:
@table @code
@item ACCT
causes accounting and run time statistics to be printed
@item LIST
causes the summary listing of the input data to be printed
@item NOMOD
suppresses the printout of the model parameters
@item NOPAGE
suppresses page ejects
@item NODE
causes the printing of the node table.
@item OPTS
causes the option values to be printed.
@end table
@node Initial Conditions, Analyses, Simulator Variables (.OPTIONS), Analyses and Output Control
@section Initial Conditions
@menu
* Specify Initial Node Voltage Guesses::
* Set Initial Conditions::
@end menu
@node Specify Initial Node Voltage Guesses, Set Initial Conditions, Initial Conditions, Initial Conditions
@subsection .NODESET: Specify Initial Node Voltage Guesses
General form:
@example
.NODESET V(NODNUM)=VAL V(NODNUM)=VAL ...
@end example
Examples:
@example
.NODESET V(12)=4.5 V(4)=2.23
@end example
The Nodeset line helps the program find the dc or initial transient
solution by making a preliminary pass with the specified nodes held to
the given voltages. The restriction is then released and the iteration
continues to the true solution. The .NODESET line may be necessary for
convergence on bistable or a-stable circuits. In general, this line
should not be necessary.
@node Set Initial Conditions, , Specify Initial Node Voltage Guesses, Initial Conditions
@subsection .IC: Set Initial Conditions
General form:
@example
.IC V(NODNUM)=VAL V(NODNUM)=VAL ...
@end example
Examples:
@example
.IC V(11)=5 V(4)=-5 V(2)=2.2
@end example
The IC line is for setting transient initial conditions. It has two
different interpretations, depending on whether the UIC parameter is
specified on the .TRAN control line. Also, one should not confuse this
line with the .NODESET line. The .NODESET line is only to help dc
convergence, and does not affect final bias solution (except for
multi-stable circuits). The two interpretations of this line are as
follows:
@enumerate
@item
When the UIC parameter is specified on the .TRAN line, then the node
voltages specified on the .IC control line are used to compute the
capacitor, diode, BJT, JFET, and MOSFET initial conditions. This is
equivalent to specifying the IC=... parameter on each device line, but
is much more convenient. The IC=... parameter can still be specified
and takes precedence over the .IC values. Since no dc bias (initial
transient) solution is computed before the transient analysis, one
should take care to specify all dc source voltages on the .IC control
line if they are to be used to compute device initial conditions.
@item
When the UIC parameter is not specified on the .TRAN control line, the
dc bias (initial transient) solution is computed before the transient
analysis. In this case, the node voltages specified on the .IC control
line is forced to the desired initial values during the bias solution.
During transient analysis, the constraint on these node voltages is
removed. This is the preferred method since it allows NGSPICE to compute
a consistent dc solution.
@end enumerate
@node Analyses, Batch Output, Initial Conditions, Analyses and Output Control
@section Analyses
@menu
* AC Small-Signal AC Analysis::
* DC Transfer Function::
* DISTRO Distortion Analysis::
* NOISE Noise Analysis::
* OP Operating Point Analysis::
* PZ Pole-Zero Analysis::
* SENS; DC or Small-Signal AC Sensitivity Analysis::
* TF Transfer Function Analysis::
* TRAN Transient Analysis::
@end menu
@node AC Small-Signal AC Analysis, DC Transfer Function, Analyses, Analyses
@subsection .AC: Small-Signal AC Analysis
General form:
@example
.AC DEC ND FSTART FSTOP
.AC OCT NO FSTART FSTOP
.AC LIN NP FSTART FSTOP
@end example
Examples:
@example
.AC DEC 10 1 10K
.AC DEC 10 1K 100MEG
.AC LIN 100 1 100HZ
@end example
DEC stands for decade variation, and ND is the number of points per
decade. OCT stands for octave variation, and NO is the number of points
per octave. LIN stands for linear variation, and NP is the number of
points. FSTART is the starting frequency, and FSTOP is the final
frequency. If this line is included in the input file, NGSPICE performs
an AC analysis of the circuit over the specified frequency range. Note
that in order for this analysis to be meaningful, at least one
independent source must have been specified with an ac value.
@node DC Transfer Function, DISTRO Distortion Analysis, AC Small-Signal AC Analysis, Analyses
@subsection .DC: DC Transfer Function
General form:
@example
.DC SRCNAM VSTART VSTOP VINCR [SRC2 START2 STOP2 INCR2]
@end example
Examples:
@example
.DC VIN 0.25 5.0 0.25
.DC VDS 0 10 .5 VGS 0 5 1
.DC VCE 0 10 .25 IB 0 10U 1U
.DC RLoad 1k 2k 100
.DC TEMP -15 75 5
@end example
The DC line defines the dc transfer curve source and sweep limits (again
with capacitors open and inductors shorted). SRCNAM is the name of an
independent voltage or current source, a resistor or the circuit temperature.
VSTART, VSTOP, and VINCR are the starting, final, and incrementing values
respectively. The first example causes the value of the voltage source VIN
to be swept from 0.25 Volts to 5.0 Volts in increments of 0.25 Volts. A
second source (SRC2) may optionally be specified with associated sweep
parameters. In this case, the first source is swept over its range for each
value of the second source. This option can be useful for obtaining
semiconductor device output characteristics. See the second example circuit
description in Appendix A.
@node DISTRO Distortion Analysis, NOISE Noise Analysis, DC Transfer Function, Analyses
@subsection .DISTO: Distortion Analysis
General form:
@example
.DISTO DEC ND FSTART FSTOP
.DISTO OCT NO FSTART FSTOP
.DISTO LIN NP FSTART FSTOP
@end example
Examples:
@example
.DISTO DEC 10 1kHz 100Mhz
.DISTO DEC 10 1kHz 100Mhz 0.9
@end example
The Disto line does a small-signal distortion analysis of the circuit.
A multi-dimensional Volterra series analysis is done using
multi-dimensional Taylor series to represent the nonlinearities at the
operating point. Terms of up to third order are used in the series
expansions.
If the optional parameter F2OVERF1 is not specified, .DISTO does a
harmonic analysis - i.e., it analyses distortion in the circuit using
only a single input frequency @math{F_1}, which is swept as specified by
arguments of the .DISTO command exactly as in the .AC command. Inputs
at this frequency may be present at more than one input source, and
their magnitudes and phases are specified by the arguments of the
DISTOF1 keyword in the input file lines for the input sources (see the
description for independent sources). (The arguments of the DISTOF2
keyword are not relevant in this case).
The analysis produces information about the A.C. values of all node
voltages and branch currents at the harmonic frequencies @math{2F_1} and
@math{3F_1}, vs. the input frequency @math{F_1} as it is swept. (A
value of 1 (as a complex distortion output) signifies
@math{\cos(2J(2F_1)t)} at @math{2F_1} and @math{\cos(2J(3F_1)t)} at
@math{3F_1}, using the convention that 1 at the input fundamental
frequency is equivalent to @math{\cos(2JF_1t)}.) The distortion
component desired (@math{2F_1} or @math{3F_1}) can be selected using
commands in nutmeg, and then printed or plotted. (Normally, one is
interested primarily in the magnitude of the harmonic components, so the
magnitude of the AC distortion value is looked at). It should be noted
that these are the A.C. values of the actual harmonic components, and
are not equal to HD2 and HD3. To obtain HD2 and HD3, one must divide by
the corresponding A.C. values at @math{F_1}, obtained from an .AC line.
This division can be done using nutmeg commands.
If the optional F2OVERF1 parameter is specified, it should be a real
number between (and not equal to) 0.0 and 1.0; in this case, .DISTO does
a spectral analysis. It considers the circuit with sinusoidal inputs at
two different frequencies @math{F_1} and F_2. @math{F_1} is swept
according to the .DISTO control line options exactly as in the .AC
control line. @math{F_2} is kept fixed at a single frequency as @math{F_1}
sweeps - the value at which it is kept fixed is equal to F2OVERF1 times
FSTART. Each independent source in the circuit may potentially have two
(superimposed) sinusoidal inputs for distortion, at the frequencies
@math{F_1} and F_2. The magnitude and phase of the @math{F_1} component
are specified by the arguments of the DISTOF1 keyword in the source's
input line (see the description of independent sources); the magnitude
and phase of the @math{F_2} component are specified by the arguments of the
DISTOF2 keyword. The analysis produces plots of all node
voltages/branch currents at the intermodulation product frequencies
@math{F_1 + F_2}, @math{F_1 - F_2}, and @math{(2 F_1) - F_2}, vs the
swept frequency @math{F_1}. The IM product of interest may be selected
using the setplot command, and displayed with the print and plot
commands. It is to be noted as in the harmonic analysis case, the
results are the actual AC voltages and currents at the intermodulation
frequencies, and need to be normalized with respect to .AC values to
obtain the IM parameters.
If the DISTOF1 or DISTOF2 keywords are missing from the description of
an independent source, then that source is assumed to have no input at
the corresponding frequency. The default values of the magnitude and
phase are 1.0 and 0.0 respectively. The phase should be specified in
degrees.
It should be carefully noted that the number F2OVERF1 should ideally be
an irrational number, and that since this is not possible in practice,
efforts should be made to keep the denominator in its fractional
representation as large as possible, certainly above 3, for accurate
results (i.e., if F2OVERF1 is represented as a fraction @math{A/B},
where @math{A} and @math{B} are integers with no common factors,
@math{B} should be as large as possible; note that @math{A < B} because
F2OVERF1 is constrained to be @math{< 1}). To illustrate why, consider
the cases where F2OVERF1 is 49/100 and 1/2. In a spectral analysis, the
outputs produced are at @math{F_1 + F_2}, @math{F_1 - F_2} and @math{2
F_1 - F_2}. In the latter case, @math{F_1 - F_2 = F_2}, so the result
at the @math{F_1 - F_2} component is erroneous because there is the
strong fundamental @math{F_2} component at the same frequency. Also,
@math{F_1 + F_2 = 2 F_1 - F_2} in the latter case, and each result is
erroneous individually. This problem is not there in the case where
F2OVERF1 = 49/100, because @math{F_1-F_2 = 51/100} @math{F_1 < > 49/100}
@math{F_1 = F_2}. In this case, there are two very closely spaced
frequency components at @math{F_2} and @math{F_1 - F_2}. One of the
advantages of the Volterra series technique is that it computes
distortions at mix frequencies expressed symbolically (i.e. @math{n F_1
+ m F_2}), therefore one is able to obtain the strengths of distortion
components accurately even if the separation between them is very small,
as opposed to transient analysis for example. The disadvantage is of
course that if two of the mix frequencies coincide, the results are not
merged together and presented (though this could presumably be done as a
postprocessing step). Currently, the interested user should keep track
of the mix frequencies himself or herself and add the distortions at
coinciding mix frequencies together should it be necessary.
@node NOISE Noise Analysis, OP Operating Point Analysis, DISTRO Distortion Analysis, Analyses
@subsection .NOISE: Noise Analysis
General form:
@example
.NOISE V(OUTPUT <,REF>) SRC ( DEC | LIN | OCT ) PTS FSTART FSTOP
+
@end example
Examples:
@example
.NOISE V(5) VIN DEC 10 1kHZ 100Mhz
.NOISE V(5,3) V1 OCT 8 1.0 1.0e6 1
@end example
The Noise line does a noise analysis of the circuit. OUTPUT is the node
at which the total output noise is desired; if REF is specified, then
the noise voltage V(OUTPUT) - V(REF) is calculated. By default, REF is
assumed to be ground. SRC is the name of an independent source to which
input noise is referred. PTS, FSTART and FSTOP are .AC type parameters
that specify the frequency range over which plots are desired.
PTS_PER_SUMMARY is an optional integer; if specified, the noise
contributions of each noise generator is produced every PTS_PER_SUMMARY
frequency points.
The .NOISE control line produces two plots - one for the Noise Spectral
Density curves and one for the total Integrated Noise over the specified
frequency range. All noise voltages/currents are in squared units
(V@math{^2} /Hz and A@math{^2}/Hz for spectral density, V@math{^2} and
A@math{^2} for integrated noise).
@node OP Operating Point Analysis, PZ Pole-Zero Analysis, NOISE Noise Analysis, Analyses
@subsection .OP: Operating Point Analysis
General form:
@example
.OP
@end example
The inclusion of this line in an input file directs NGSPICE to determine
the dc operating point of the circuit with inductors shorted and
capacitors opened. Note: a DC analysis is automatically performed prior
to a transient analysis to determine the transient initial conditions,
and prior to an AC small-signal, Noise, and Pole-Zero analysis to
determine the linearized, small-signal models for nonlinear devices (see
the KEEPOPINFO variable above).
@node PZ Pole-Zero Analysis, SENS; DC or Small-Signal AC Sensitivity Analysis, OP Operating Point Analysis, Analyses
@subsection .PZ: Pole-Zero Analysis
General form:
@example
.PZ NODE1 NODE2 NODE3 NODE4 CUR POL
.PZ NODE1 NODE2 NODE3 NODE4 CUR ZER
.PZ NODE1 NODE2 NODE3 NODE4 CUR PZ
.PZ NODE1 NODE2 NODE3 NODE4 VOL POL
.PZ NODE1 NODE2 NODE3 NODE4 VOL ZER
.PZ NODE1 NODE2 NODE3 NODE4 VOL PZ
@end example
Examples:
@example
.PZ 1 0 3 0 CUR POL
.PZ 2 3 5 0 VOL ZER
.PZ 4 1 4 1 CUR PZ
@end example
CUR stands for a transfer function of the type (output voltage)/(input
current) while VOL stands for a transfer function of the type (output
voltage)/(input voltage). POL stands for pole analysis only, ZER for
zero analysis only and PZ for both. This feature is provided mainly
because if there is a nonconvergence in finding poles or zeros, then, at
least the other can be found. Finally, NODE1 and NODE2 are the two
input nodes and NODE3 and NODE4 are the two output nodes. Thus, there
is complete freedom regarding the output and input ports and the type of
transfer function.
In interactive mode, the command syntax is the same except that the
first field is PZ instead of .PZ. To print the results, one should use
the command 'print all'.
@node SENS; DC or Small-Signal AC Sensitivity Analysis, TF Transfer Function Analysis, PZ Pole-Zero Analysis, Analyses
@subsection .SENS: DC or Small-Signal AC Sensitivity Analysis
General form:
@example
.SENS OUTVAR
.SENS OUTVAR AC DEC ND FSTART FSTOP
.SENS OUTVAR AC OCT NO FSTART FSTOP
.SENS OUTVAR AC LIN NP FSTART FSTOP
@end example
Examples:
@example
.SENS V(1,OUT)
.SENS V(OUT) AC DEC 10 100 100k
.SENS I(VTEST)
@end example
The sensitivity of OUTVAR to all non-zero device parameters is
calculated when the SENS analysis is specified. OUTVAR is a circuit
variable (node voltage or voltage-source branch current). The first
form calculates sensitivity of the DC operating-point value of OUTVAR.
The second form calculates sensitivity of the AC values of OUTVAR. The
parameters listed for AC sensitivity are the same as in an AC analysis
(see ".AC" above). The output values are in dimensions of change in
output per unit change of input (as opposed to percent change in output
or per percent change of input).
@node TF Transfer Function Analysis, TRAN Transient Analysis, SENS; DC or Small-Signal AC Sensitivity Analysis, Analyses
@subsection .TF: Transfer Function Analysis
General form:
@example
.TF OUTVAR INSRC
@end example
Examples:
@example
.TF V(5, 3) VIN
.TF I(VLOAD) VIN
@end example
The TF line defines the small-signal output and input for the dc
small-signal analysis. OUTVAR is the smallsignal output variable and
INSRC is the small-signal input source. If this line is included, NGSPICE
computes the dc small-signal value of the transfer function
(output/input), input resistance, and output resistance. For the first
example, NGSPICE would compute the ratio of V(5, 3) to VIN, the
small-signal input resistance at VIN, and the smallsignal output
resistance measured across nodes 5 and 3.
@node TRAN Transient Analysis, , TF Transfer Function Analysis, Analyses
@subsection .TRAN: Transient Analysis
General form:
@example
.TRAN TSTEP TSTOP >
@end example
Examples:
@example
.TRAN 1NS 100NS
.TRAN 1NS 1000NS 500NS
.TRAN 10NS 1US
@end example
TSTEP is the printing or plotting increment for lineprinter output. For
use with the post-processor, TSTEP is the suggested computing increment.
TSTOP is the final time, and TSTART is the initial time. If TSTART is
omitted, it is assumed to be zero. The transient analysis always begins
at time zero. In the interval , the circuit is analyzed
(to reach a steady state), but no outputs are stored. In the interval
, the circuit is analyzed and outputs are stored. TMAX
is the maximum stepsize that NGSPICE uses; for default, the program
chooses either TSTEP or (TSTOP-TSTART)/50.0, whichever is smaller. TMAX
is useful when one wishes to guarantee a computing interval which is
smaller than the printer increment, TSTEP.
UIC (use initial conditions) is an optional keyword which indicates that
the user does not want NGSPICE to solve for the quiescent operating point
before beginning the transient analysis. If this keyword is specified,
NGSPICE uses the values specified using IC=... on the various elements as
the initial transient condition and proceeds with the analysis. If the
.IC control line has been specified, then the node voltages on the .IC
line are used to compute the initial conditions for the devices. Look
at the description on the .IC control line for its interpretation when
UIC is not specified.
@node Batch Output, , Analyses, Analyses and Output Control
@section Batch Output
@menu
* SAVE::
* PRINT::
* PLOT::
* FOUR Fourier Analysis of Transient Analysis Output::
@end menu
@node SAVE, PRINT, Batch Output, Batch Output
@subsection .SAVE Lines
General form:
@example
.SAVE vector vector vector ...
@end example
Examples:
@example
.SAVE i(vin) input output
.SAVE @@m1[id]
@end example
The vectors listed on the .SAVE line are recorded in the rawfile for use
later with ngspice or nutmeg (nutmeg is just the data-analysis half of
ngspice, without the ability to simulate). The standard vector names are
accepted. If no .SAVE line is given, then the default set of vectors
are saved (node voltages and voltage source branch currents). If .SAVE
lines are given, only those vectors specified are saved. For more
discussion on internal device data, see Appendix B. See also the
section on the interactive command interpreter for information on how to
use the rawfile.
@node PRINT, PLOT, SAVE, Batch Output
@subsection .PRINT Lines
General form:
@example
.PRINT PRTYPE OV1
@end example
Examples:
@example
.PRINT TRAN V(4) I(VIN)
.PRINT DC V(2) I(VSRC) V(23, 17)
.PRINT AC VM(4, 2) VR(7) VP(8, 3)
@end example
The Print line defines the contents of a tabular listing of one to eight
output variables. PRTYPE is the type of the analysis (DC, AC, TRAN,
NOISE, or DISTO) for which the specified outputs are desired. The form
for voltage or current output variables is the same as given in the
previous section for the print command; Spice2 restricts the output
variable to the following forms (though this restriction is not enforced
by Ngspice):
@table @code
@item V(N1<,N2>)
specifies the voltage difference between nodes N1 and N2. If N2 (and
the preceding comma) is omitted, ground (0) is assumed. See the print
command in the previous section for more details. For compatibility
with spice2, the following five additional values can be accessed for
the ac analysis by replacing the "V" in V(N1,N2) with:
@example
VR - real part
VI - imaginary part
VM - magnitude
VP - phase
VDB - 20 log10(magnitude)
@end example
@item I(VXXXXXXX)
specifies the current flowing in the independent voltage source named
VXXXXXXX. Positive current flows from the positive node, through the
source, to the negative node. For the ac analysis, the corresponding
replacements for the letter I may be made in the same way as described
for voltage outputs.
@end table
Output variables for the noise and distortion analyses have a different
general form from that of the other analyses.
There is no limit on the number of .PRINT lines for each type of
analysis.
@node PLOT, FOUR Fourier Analysis of Transient Analysis Output, PRINT, Batch Output
@subsection .PLOT Lines
General form:
@example
.PLOT PLTYPE OV1 <(PLO1, PHI1)> ... OV8>
@end example
Examples:
@example
.PLOT DC V(4) V(5) V(1)
.PLOT TRAN V(17, 5) (2, 5) I(VIN) V(17) (1, 9)
.PLOT AC VM(5) VM(31, 24) VDB(5) VP(5)
.PLOT DISTO HD2 HD3(R) SIM2
.PLOT TRAN V(5, 3) V(4) (0, 5) V(7) (0, 10)
@end example
The Plot line defines the contents of one plot of from one to eight
output variables. PLTYPE is the type of analysis (DC, AC, TRAN, NOISE,
or DISTO) for which the specified outputs are desired. The syntax for
the OVI is identical to that for the .PRINT line and for the plot
command in the interactive mode.
The overlap of two or more traces on any plot is indicated by the letter
X.
When more than one output variable appears on the same plot, the first
variable specified is printed as well as plotted. If a printout of all
variables is desired, then a companion .PRINT line should be included.
There is no limit on the number of .PLOT lines specified for each type of analysis.
@node FOUR Fourier Analysis of Transient Analysis Output, , PLOT, Batch Output
@subsection .FOUR: Fourier Analysis of Transient Analysis Output
General form:
@example
.FOUR FREQ OV1
@end example
Examples:
@example
.FOUR 100K V(5)
@end example
The Four (or Fourier) line controls whether NGSPICE performs a Fourier
analysis as a part of the transient analysis. FREQ is the fundamental
frequency, and OV1, desired. The Fourier analysis is performed over the
interval , where TSTOP is the final time specified
for the transient analysis, and period is one period of the fundamental
frequency. The dc component and the first nine harmonics are
determined. For maximum accuracy, TMAX (see the .TRAN line) should be
set to period/100.0 (or less for very high-Q circuits).
@node Interactive Interpreter, Bibliography, Analyses and Output Control, Top
@chapter Interactive Interpreter
Ngspice consists of a simulator and a front-end for data analysis and
plotting. The front-end may be run as a separate "stand-alone" program
under the name Nutmeg.
Nutmeg will read in the "raw" data output file created by ngspice -r or
with the write command in an interactive Ngspice session. Nutmeg or
interactive Ngspice can plot data from a simulation on a graphics
terminal or a workstation display. Most of the commands available in
the interactive Ngspice front end are available in nutmeg; where this is
not the case, ngspice-only commands have been marked with an asterisk
("*"). Note that the raw output file is different from the data that
Spice2 writes to the standard output, which may also be produced by
ngspice with the "-b" command line option.
Ngspice and Nutmeg use the X Window System for plotting if they find the
environment variable DISPLAY. Otherwise, a graphics-terminal
independent interface (MFB) is used. If you are using X on a
workstation, the DISPLAY variable should already be set; if you want to
display graphics on a system different from the one you are running
Ngspice or Nutmeg on, DISPLAY should be of the form "machine:0.0". See
the appropriate documentation on the X Window System for more details.
Command Synopsis
@example
ngspice [ -n ] [ -t term ] [ -r rawfile] [ -b ] [ -i ] [ input file ... ]
nutmeg [ - ] [ -n ] [ -t term ] [ datafile ... ]
@end example
Options are:
@table @code
@item -
Don't try to load the default data file ("rawspice.raw") if no other
files are given. Nutmeg only.
@item -n (or -N)
Don't try to source the file ".spiceinit" upon startup. Normally ngspice
and nutmeg try to find the file in the current directory, and if it is
not found then in the user's home directory.
@item -t term (or -T term)
The program is being run on a terminal with mfb name term.
@item -b (or -B)
Run in batch mode. Ngspice reads the default input source (e.g.
keyboard) or reads the given input file and performs the analyses
specified; output is either Spice2-like line-printer plots ("ascii
plots") or a ngspice rawfile. See the following section for details.
Note that if the input source is not a terminal (e.g. using the IO
redirection notation of "<") Ngspice defaults to batch mode (-i
overrides). This option is valid for Ngspice only.
@item -s (or -S)
Run in server mode. This is like batch mode, except that a temporary
rawfile is used and then written to the standard output, preceded by a
line with a single "@@", after the simulation is done. This mode is used
by the ngspice daemon. This option is valid for Ngspice only.
@item -i (or -I)
Run in interactive mode. This is useful if the standard input is not a
terminal but interactive mode is desired. Command completion is not
available unless the standard input is a terminal, however. This option
is valid for Ngspice only.
@item -r rawfile (or -P rawfile)
Use rawfile as the default file into which the results of the simulation
are saved. This option is valid for Ngspice only.
@end table
Further arguments to ngspice are taken to be Ngspice input files, which are
read and saved (if running in batch mode then they are run immediately).
Ngspice accepts most Spice2 input file, and output ascii plots, fourier
analyses, and node printouts as specified in .plot, .four, and .print
cards. If an out parameter is given on a .width card, the effect is the
same as set width = .... Since Ngspice ascii plots do not use multiple
ranges, however, if vectors together on a .plot card have different
ranges they are not provide as much information as they would in Spice2.
The output of Ngspice is also much less verbose than Spice2, in that the
only data printed is that requested by the above cards.
For nutmeg, further arguments are taken to be data files in binary or
ascii format (see sconvert(1)) which are loaded into nutmeg. If the
file is in binary format, it may be only partially completed (useful for
examining Spice2 output before the simulation is finished). One file
may contain any number of data sets from different analyses.
@menu
* Expressions::
* Command Interpretation::
* Commands::
* Variables::
* Bugs::
@end menu
@node Expressions, Command Interpretation, Interactive Interpreter, Interactive Interpreter
@section Expressions, Functions, and Constants
Ngspice and Nutmeg data is in the form of vectors: time, voltage, etc.
Each vector has a type, and vectors can be operated on and combined
algebraically in ways consistent with their types. Vectors are normally
created when a data file is read in (see the load command below), and
when the initial datafile is loaded. They can also be created with the
let command.
An expression is an algebraic formula involving vectors and scalars (a
scalar is a vector of length 1) and the following operations:
@example
+ - * / ^ %
@end example
% is the modulo operator, and the comma operator has two meanings: if it
is present in the argument list of a user definable function, it serves
to separate the arguments. Otherwise, the term @code{x , y} is
synonymous with @code{x + j(y)}.
Also available are the logical operations & (and), | (or), ! (not), and
the relational operations <, >, >=, <=, =, and <> (not equal). If used
in an algebraic expression they work like they would in C, producing
values of 0 or 1. The relational operators have the following synonyms:
@example
gt >
lt <
ge >=
le <=
ne <>
eq =
and &
or |
not !
@end example
These are useful when < and > might be confused with IO redirection
(which is almost always).
The following functions are available:
@ftable @code
@item mag(vector)
The magnitude of vector
@item ph(vector)
The phase of vector
@item j(vector)
i (sqrt(-1)) times vector
@item real(vector)
The real component of vector
@item imag(vector)
The imaginary part of vector
@item db(vector)
20 log10(mag(vector))
@item log(vector)
The logarithm (base 10) of vector
@item ln(vector)
The natural logarithm (base e) of vector
@item exp(vector)
e to the vector power
@item abs(vector)
The absolute value of vector.
@item sqrt(vector)
The square root of vector.
@item sin(vector)
The sine of vector.
@item cos(vector)
The cosine of vector.
@item tan(vector)
The tangent of vector.
@item atan(vector)
The inverse tangent of vector.
@item norm(vector)
The vector normalized to 1 (i.e, the largest magnitude of any component
is 1).
@item rnd(vector)
A vector with each component a random integer between 0 and the absolute
value of the vectors's corresponding component.
@item mean(vector)
The result is a scalar (a length 1 vec tor) that is the mean of the
elements of vector.
@item vector(number)
The result is a vector of length number, with elements 0, 1, ... number
- 1. If number is a vector then just the first element is taken, and if
it isn't an integer then the floor of the magnitude is used.
@item length(vector)
The length of vector.
@item interpolate(plot.vector)
The result of interpolating the named vector onto the scale of
the current plot. This function uses the variable polydegree to
determine the degree of interpolation.
@item deriv(vector)
Calculates the derivative of the given vector. This uses numeric
differentiation by interpolating a polynomial and may not produce
satisfactory results (particularly with iterated differentiation). The
implementation only calculates the derivative with respect to the real
component of that vector's scale.
@end ftable
A vector may be either the name of a vector already defined or a
floating-point number (a scalar). A number may be written in any format
acceptable to NGSPICE, such as 14.6Meg or -1.231e-4. Note that you can
either use scientific notation or one of the abbreviations like MEG or
G, but not both. As with NGSPICE, a number may have trailing alphabetic
characters after it.
The notation expr [num] denotes the num'th element of expr. For
multi-dimensional vectors, a vector of one less dimension is returned.
Also for multi-dimensional vectors, the notation expr[m][n] will return
the nth element of the mth subvector. To get a subrange of a vector,
use the form expr[lower, upper].
To reference vectors in a plot that is not the current plot (see the
setplot command, below), the notation plotname.vecname can be used.
Either a plotname or a vector name may be the wildcard all. If the
plotname is all, matching vectors from all plots are specified, and if
the vector name is all, all vectors in the specified plots are
referenced. Note that you may not use binary operations on expressions
involving wildcards - it is not obvious what all + all should denote,
for instance. Thus some (contrived) examples of expressions are:
@example
cos(TIME) + db(v(3))
sin(cos(log([1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10])))
TIME * rnd(v(9)) - 15 * cos(vin#branch) ^ [7.9e5 8]
not ((ac3.FREQ[32] & tran1.TIME[10]) gt 3)
@end example
Vector names in ngspice may have a name such as @@name[param], where name
is either the name of a device instance or model. This denotes the
value of the param parameter of the device or model. See Appendix B for
details of what parameters are available. The value is a vector of
length 1. This function is also available with the show command, and is
available with variables for convenience for command scripts.
There are a number of pre-defined constants in nutmeg. They are:
@vtable @code
@item pi
J (3.14159...)
@item e
The base of natural logarithms (2.71828...)
@item c
The speed of light (299,792,500 m/sec)
@item i
The square root of -1
@item kelvin
Absolute 0 in Centigrade (-273.15 @math{^o}C)
@item echarge
The charge on an electron (1.6021918e-19 C)
@item boltz
Boltzman's constant (1.3806226e-23)
@item planck
Planck's constant (h = 6.626200e-34)
@end vtable
These are all in MKS units. If you have another variable with a name
that conflicts with one of these then it takes precedence.
@menu
* Command Interpretation::
* Commands::
* Variables::
* Bugs::
@end menu
@node Command Interpretation, Commands, Expressions, Interactive Interpreter
@section Command Interpretation
If a word is typed as a command, and there is no built-in command with
that name, the directories in the sourcepath list are searched in order
for the file. If it is found, it is read in as a command file (as if it
were sourced). Before it is read, however, the variables argc and argv
are set to the number of words following the filename on the command
line, and a list of those words respectively. After the file is
finished, these variables are unset. Note that if a command file calls
another, it must save its argv and argc since they are altered. Also,
command files may not be re-entrant since there are no local variables.
(Of course, the procedures may explicitly manipulate a stack...) This
way one can write scripts analogous to shell scripts for nutmeg and
Ngspice.
Note that for the script to work with Ngspice, it must begin with a blank
line (or whatever else, since it is thrown away) and then a line with
.control on it. This is an unfortunate result of the source command
being used for both circuit input and command file execution. Note also
that this allows the user to merely type the name of a circuit file as a
command and it is automatically run. The commands are executed
immediately, without running any analyses that may be specified in the
circuit (to execute the analyses before the script executes, include a
"run" command in the script).
There are various command scripts installed in
/usr/local/lib/spice/scripts (or whatever the path is on your machine),
and the default sourcepath includes this directory, so you can use these
command files (almost) like builtin commands.
@node Commands, Variables, Command Interpretation, Interactive Interpreter
@section Commands
@menu
* AC::
* Alias::
* Alter::
* Asciiplot::
* Aspice::
* Bug::
* Cd::
* Destroy::
* DC::
* Define::
* Delete::
* Diff::
* Display::
* Echo::
* Edit::
* Fourier::
* Hardcopy::
* Help::
* History::
* Iplot::
* Jobs::
* Let::
* Linearize::
* Listing::
* Load::
* Op::
* Plot::
* Print::
* Quit::
* Rehash::
* Reset::
* Reshape::
* Resume::
* Rspice::
* Run::
* Rusage::
* Save::
* Sens::
* Set::
* Setcirc::
* Setplot::
* Settype::
* Shell::
* Shift::
* Show::
* Showmod::
* Source::
* Status::
* Step::
* Stop::
* Tf::
* Trace::
* Tran::
* Transpose::
* Unalias::
* Undefine::
* Unset::
* Version::
* Where::
* Write::
* Xgraph::
* While - End::
* Repeat - End::
* Dowhile - End::
* Foreach - End::
* If - Then - Else::
* Label::
* Goto::
* Continue::
* Break::
@end menu
@node AC, Alias, Commands, Commands
@subsection Ac*: Perform an AC, small-signal frequency response analysis
General Form:
@example
ac ( DEC | OCT | LIN ) N Fstart Fstop
@end example
Do an ac analysis. See the previous sections of this manual for more
details.
@node Alias, Alter, AC, Commands
@subsection Alias: Create an alias for a command
General Form:
@example
alias [word] [text ...]
@end example
Causes word to be aliased to text. History substitutions may be used,
as in C-shell aliases.
@node Alter, Asciiplot, Alias, Commands
@subsection Alter*: Change a device or model parameter
General Form:
@example
alter device value
alter device parameter value [ parameter value ]
@end example
Alter changes the value for a device or a specified parameter of a
device or model. The first form is used by simple devices which have
one principal value (resistors, capacitors, etc.) where the second form
is for more complex devices (bjt's, etc.). Model parameters can be
changed with the second form if the name contains a "#".
For specifying vectors as values, start the vector with "[", followed by
the values in the vector, and end with "]". Be sure to place a space
between each of the values and before and after the "[" and "]".
@node Asciiplot, Aspice, Alter, Commands
@subsection Asciiplot: Plot values using old-style character plots
General Form:
@example
asciiplot plotargs
@end example
Produce a line printer plot of the vectors. The plot is sent to the
standard output, so you can put it into a file with asciiplot args ... >
file. The set options width, height, and nobreak determine the width
and height of the plot, and whether there are page breaks, respectively.
Note that you will have problems if you try to asciiplot something with
an X-scale that isn't monotonic (i.e, something like sin(TIME) ),
because asciiplot uses a simple-minded linear interpolation.
@node Aspice, Bug, Asciiplot, Commands
@subsection Aspice: Asynchronous ngspice run
General Form:
@example
aspice input-file [output-file]
@end example
Start a NGSPICE run, and when it is finished load the resulting data.
The raw data is kept in a temporary file. If output-file is specified
then the diagnostic output is directed into that file, otherwise it is
thrown away.
@node Bug, Cd, Aspice, Commands
@subsection Bug: Mail a bug report
General Form:
@example
bug
@end example
Send a bug report. Please include a short summary of the problem, the
version number and name of the operating system that you are running,
the version of ngspice that you are running, and the relevant ngspice input
file. (If you have defined BUGADDR, the mail is delivered to there.)
@node Cd, Destroy, Bug, Commands
@subsection Cd: Change directory
General Form:
@example
cd [directory]
@end example
Change the current working directory to directory, or to the user's home
directory if none is given.
@node Destroy, DC, Cd, Commands
@subsection Destroy: Delete a data set
General Form:
@example
destroy [plotnames | all]
@end example
Release the memory holding the data for the specified runs.
@node DC, Define, Destroy, Commands
@subsection Dc*: Perform a DC-sweep analysis
General Form:
@example
dc Source-Name Vstart Vstop Vincr [ Source2 Vstart2 Vstop2 Vincr2 ]
@end example
Do a dc transfer curve analysis. See the previous sections of this
manual for more details.
@node Define, Delete, DC, Commands
@subsection Define: Define a function
General Form:
@example
define function(arg1, arg2, ...) expression
@end example
Define the user-definable function with the name function and arguments
arg1, arg2, ... to be expression, which may involve the arguments. When
the function is later used, the arguments it is given are substituted
for the formal arguments when it is parsed. If expression is not
present, any definition for function is printed, and if there are no
arguments to define then all currently active definitions are printed.
Note that you may have different functions defined with the same name
but different arities.
Some useful definitions are:
@example
define max(x,y) (x > y) * x + (x <= y) * y
define min(x,y) (x < y) * x + (x >= y) * y
@end example
@node Delete, Diff, Define, Commands
@subsection Delete*: Remove a trace or breakpoint
General Form:
@example
delete [ debug-number ... ]
@end example
Delete the specified breakpoints and traces. The debug numbers are
those shown by the status command (unless you do status > file, in which
case the debug numbers are not printed).
@node Diff, Display, Delete, Commands
@subsection Diff: Compare vectors
General Form:
@example
diff plot1 plot2 [vec ...]
@end example
Compare all the vectors in the specified plots, or only the named
vectors if any are given. There are different vectors in the two plots,
or any values in the vectors differ significantly the difference is
reported. The variable diff_abstol, diff_reltol, and diff_vntol are
used to determine a significant difference.
@node Display, Echo, Diff, Commands
@subsection Display: List known vectors and types
General Form:
@example
display [varname ...]
@end example
Prints a summary of currently defined vectors, or of the names
specified. The vectors are sorted by name unless the variable nosort is
set. The information given is the name of the vector, the length, the
type of the vector, and whether it is real or complex data.
Additionally, one vector is labelled [scale]. When a command such as
plot is given without a vs argument, this scale is used for the X-axis.
It is always the first vector in a rawfile, or the first vector defined
in a new plot. If you undefine the scale (i.e, let TIME = []), one of
the remaining vectors becomes the new scale (which is undetermined).
@node Echo, Edit, Display, Commands
@subsection Echo: Print text
General Form:
@example
echo [text...]
@end example
Echos the given text to the screen.
@node Edit, Fourier, Echo, Commands
@subsection Edit*: Edit the current circuit
General Form:
@example
edit [ file ]
@end example
Print the current Ngspice input file into a file, call up the editor on
that file and allow the user to modify it, and then read it back in,
replacing the original file. If a filename is given, then edit that
file and load it, making the circuit the current one.
@node Fourier, Hardcopy, Edit, Commands
@subsection Fourier: Perform a fourier transform
General Form:
@example
fourier fundamental_frequency [value ...]
@end example
Does a fourier analysis of each of the given values, using the first 10
multiples of the fundamental frequency (or the first nfreqs, if that
variable is set - see below). The output is like that of the .four
Ngspice line. The values may be any valid expression. The values are
interpolated onto a fixed-space grid with the number of points given by
the fourgridsize variable, or 200 if it is not set. The interpolation
is of degree polydegree if that variable is set, or 1. If polydegree is
0, then no interpolation is done. This is likely to give erroneous
results if the time scale is not monotonic, though.
@node Hardcopy, Help, Fourier, Commands
@subsection Hardcopy: Save a plot to a file for printing
General Form:
@example
hardcopy file plotargs
@end example
Just like plot, except creates a file called file containing the plot.
The file is an image in plot(5) format, and can be printed by either the
plot(1) program or lpr with the -g flag.
@node Help, History, Hardcopy, Commands
@subsection Help: Print summaries of Ngspice commands
General Form:
@example
help [all] [command ...]
@end example
Prints help. If the argument all is given, a short description of
everything you could possibly type is printed. If commands are given,
descriptions of those commands are printed. Otherwise help for only a
few major commands is printed.
@node History, Iplot, Help, Commands
@subsection History: Review previous commands
General Form:
@example
history [number]
@end example
Print out the history, or the last number commands typed at the
keyboard. Note: in Ngspice version 3a7 and earlier, all commands
(including ones read from files) were saved.
@node Iplot, Jobs, History, Commands
@subsection Iplot*: Incremental plot
General Form:
@example
iplot [ node ...]
@end example
Incrementally plot the values of the nodes while Ngspice runs. The iplot
command can be used with the where command to find trouble spots in a
transient simulation.
@node Jobs, Let, Iplot, Commands
@subsection Jobs: List active asynchronous ngspice runs
General Form:
@example
jobs
@end example
Report on the asynchronous NGSPICE jobs currently running. Nutmeg
checks to see if the jobs are finished every time you execute a command.
If it is done then the data is loaded and becomes available.
@node Let, Linearize, Jobs, Commands
@subsection Let: Assign a value to a vector
General Form:
@example
let name = expr
@end example
Creates a new vector called name with the value specified by expr, an
expression as described above. If expr is [] (a zero-length vector)
then the vector becomes undefined. Individual elements of a vector may
be modified by appending a subscript to name (ex. name[0]). If there
are no arguments, let is the same as display.
@node Linearize, Listing, Let, Commands
@subsection Linearize*: Interpolate to a linear scale
General Form:
@example
linearize vec ...
@end example
Create a new plot with all of the vectors in the current plot, or only
those mentioned if arguments are given. The new vectors are
interpolated onto a linear time scale, which is determined by the values
of tstep, tstart, and tstop in the currently active transient analysis.
The currently loaded input file must include a transient analysis (a
tran command may be run interactively before the last reset,
alternately), and the current plot must be from this transient analysis.
This command is needed because Ngspice doesn't output the results from a
transient analysis in the same manner that Spice2 did.
@node Listing, Load, Linearize, Commands
@subsection Listing*: Print a listing of the current circuit
General Form:
@example
listing [logical] [physical] [deck] [expand]
@end example
If the logical argument is given, the listing is with all continuation
lines collapsed into one line, and if the physical argument is given the
lines are printed out as they were found in the file. The default is
logical. A deck listing is just like the physical listing, except
without the line numbers it recreates the input file verbatim (except
that it does not preserve case). If the word expand is present, the
circuit is printed with all subcircuits expanded.
@node Load, Op, Listing, Commands
@subsection Load: Load rawfile data
General Form:
@example
load [filename] ...
@end example
Loads either binary or ascii format rawfile data from the files named.
The default filename is rawspice.raw, or the argument to the -r flag if
there was one.
@node Op, Plot, Load, Commands
@subsection Op*: Perform an operating point analysis
General Form:
@example
op
@end example
Do an operating point analysis. See the previous sections of this
manual for more details.
@node Plot, Print, Op, Commands
@subsection Plot: Plot values on the display
General Form:
@example
plot exprs [ylimit ylo yhi] [xlimit xlo xhi] [xindices xilo xihi]
[xcompress comp] [xdelta xdel] [ydelta ydel] [xlog] [ylog] [loglog]
[vs xname] [xlabel word] [ylabel word] [title word] [samep]
[linear]
@end example
Plot the given exprs on the screen (if you are on a graphics terminal).
The xlimit and ylimit arguments determine the high and low x- and
y-limits of the axes, respectively. The xindices arguments determine
what range of points are to be plotted - everything between the xilo'th
point and the xihi'th point is plotted. The xcompress argument
specifies that only one out of every comp points should be plotted. If
an xdelta or a ydelta parameter is present, it specifies the spacing
between grid lines on the X- and Y-axis. These parameter names may be
abbreviated to xl, yl, xind, xcomp, xdel, and ydel respectively.
The xname argument is an expression to use as the scale on the
x-axis. If xlog or ylog are present then the X or Y scale, respectively,
is logarithmic (loglog is the same as specifying both). The xlabel and
ylabel arguments cause the specified labels to be used for the X and Y
axes, respectively.
If samep is given, the values of the other parameters (other than xname)
from the previous plot, hardcopy, or asciiplot command is used unless
re-defined on the command line.
The title argument is used in the place of the plot name at the bottom
of the graph.
The linear keyword is used to override a default logscale plot (as in
the output for an AC analysis).
Finally, the keyword polar to generate a polar plot. To produce a smith
plot, use the keyword smith. Note that the data is transformed, so for
smith plots you will see the data transformed by the function
(x-1)/(x+1). To produce a polar plot with a smith grid but without
performing the smith transform, use the keyword smithgrid.
@node Print, Quit, Plot, Commands
@subsection Print: Print values
General Form:
@example
print [col] [line] expr ...
@end example
Prints the vector described by the expression expr. If the col argument
is present, print the vectors named side by side. If line is given, the
vectors are printed horizontally. col is the default, unless all the
vectors named have a length of one, in which case line is the default.
The options width, length, and nobreak are effective for this command
(see asciiplot). If the expression is all, all of the vectors available
are printed. Thus print col all > file prints everything in the file in
SPICE2 format. The scale vector (time, frequency) is always in the
first column unless the variable noprintscale is true.
@node Quit, Rehash, Print, Commands
@subsection Quit: Leave Ngspice or Nutmeg
General Form:
@example
quit
@end example
Quit nutmeg or ngspice.
@node Rehash, Reset, Quit, Commands
@subsection Rehash: Reset internal hash tables
General Form:
@example
rehash
@end example
Recalculate the internal hash tables used when looking up UNIX commands,
and make all UNIX commands in the user's PATH available for command
completion. This is useless unless you have set unixcom first (see
above).
@node Reset, Reshape, Rehash, Commands
@subsection Reset*: Reset an analysis
General Form:
@example
reset
@end example
Throw out any intermediate data in the circuit (e.g, after a breakpoint
or after one or more analyses have been done already), and re-parse the
input file. The circuit can then be re-run from it's initial state,
overriding the affect of any set or alter commands. In Spice-3e and
earlier versions this was done automatically by the run command.
@node Reshape, Resume, Reset, Commands
@subsection Reshape: Alter the dimensionality or dimensions of
a vector
General Form:
@example
reshape vector vector ...
or
reshape vector vector ... [ dimension, dimension, ... ]
or
reshape vector vector ... [ dimension ][ dimension ] ...
@end example
This command changes the dimensions of a vector or a set of vectors.
The final dimension may be left off and it will be filled in
automatically. If no dimensions are specified, then the dimensions of
the first vector are copied to the other vectors. An error message of
the form 'dimensions of x were inconsistent' can be ignored.
@node Resume, Rspice, Reshape, Commands
@subsection Resume*: Continue a simulation after a stop
General Form:
@example
resume
@end example
Resume a simulation after a stop or interruption (control-C).
@node Rspice, Run, Resume, Commands
@subsection Rspice: Remote ngspice submission
General Form:
@example
rspice input file
@end example
Runs a NGSPICE remotely taking the input file as a NGSPICE input file,
or the current circuit if no argument is given. Nutmeg or Ngspice waits
for the job to complete, and passes output from the remote job to the
user's standard output. When the job is finished the data is loaded in
as with aspice. If the variable rhost is set, nutmeg connects to this
host instead of the default remote Ngspice server machine. This command
uses the "rsh" command and thereby requires authentication via a
".rhosts" file or other equivalent method. Note that "rsh" refers to
the "remote shell" program, which may be "remsh" on your system; to
override the default name of "rsh", set the variable remote_shell. If
the variable rprogram is set, then rspice uses this as the pathname to
the program to run on the remote system.
Note: rspice will not acknowledge elements that have been changed via
the "alter" or "altermod" commands.
@node Run, Rusage, Rspice, Commands
@subsection Run*: Run analysis from the input file
General Form:
@example
run [rawfile]
@end example
Run the simulation as specified in the input file. If there were any of
the control lines .ac, .op, .tran, or .dc, they are executed. The
output is put in rawfile if it was given, in addition to being available
interactively. In Spice-3e and earlier versions, the input file would
be re-read and any affects of the set or alter commands would be
reversed. This is no longer the affect.
@node Rusage, Save, Run, Commands
@subsection Rusage: Resource usage
General Form:
@example
rusage [resource ...]
@end example
Print resource usage statistics. If any resources are given, just print
the usage of that resource. Most resources require that a circuit be
loaded. Currently valid resources are:
elapsed The amount of time elapsed since the last rusage
elapsed call.
faults Number of page faults and context switches (BSD only).
space Data space used.
time CPU time used so far.
temp Operating temperature.
tnom Temperature at which device parameters were measured.
equations Circuit Equations
time Total Analysis Time
totiter Total iterations
accept Accepted timepoints
rejected Rejected timepoints
loadtime Time spent loading the circuit matrix and RHS.
reordertime Matrix reordering time
lutime L-U decomposition time
solvetime Matrix solve time
trantime Transient analysis time
tranpoints Transient timepoints
traniter Transient iterations
trancuriters Transient iterations for the last time point*
tranlutime Transient L-U decomposition time
transolvetime Transient matrix solve time
everything All of the above.
* listed incorrectly as "Transient iterations per point".
@node Save, Sens, Rusage, Commands
@subsection Save*: Save a set of outputs
General Form:
@example
save [all | allv | alli | output ...]
.save [all | allv | alli | output ...]
@end example
Save a set of outputs, discarding the rest. If a node has been
mentioned in a save command, it appears in the working plot after a run
has completed, or in the rawfile if ngspice is run in batch mode. If a
node is traced or plotted (see below) it is also saved. For backward
compatibility, if there are no save commands given, all outputs are
saved.
When the keyword "all" or the keyword "allv", appears in the save command,
all node voltages, voltage source currents and inductor currents are saved
in addition to any other values listed. If the keyword "alli" appears in
the save command, all devices currents are saved.
Note: the current implementation saves only the currents of devices which
have internal nodes, i.e. MOSFETs with non zero RD and RS; BJTs with
non-zero RC, RB and RE; DIODEs with non-zero RS; etc. Resistor and
capacitor currents are not saved with this option. These deficiencies
will be addressed in a later revision.
@node Sens, Set, Save, Commands
@subsection Sens*: Run a sensitivity analysis
General Form:
@example
sens output_variable
sens output_variable ac ( DEC | OCT | LIN ) N Fstart Fstop
@end example
Perform a Sensitivity analysis. output_variable is either a node
voltage (ex. "v(1)" or "v(A,out)") or a current through a voltage source
(ex. "i(vtest)"). The first form calculates DC sensitivities, the
second form calculates AC sensitivies. The output values are in
dimensions of change in output per unit change of input (as opposed to
percent change in output or per percent change of input).
@node Set, Setcirc, Sens, Commands
@subsection Set: Set the value of a variable
General Form:
@example
set [word]
set [word = value] ...
@end example
Set the value of word to be value, if it is present. You can set any
word to be any value, numeric or string. If no value is given then the
value is the boolean 'true'.
The value of word may be inserted into a command by writing $word. If a
variable is set to a list of values that are enclosed in parentheses
(which must be separated from their values by white space), the value of
the variable is the list.
The variables used by nutmeg are listed in the following section.
@node Setcirc, Setplot, Set, Commands
@subsection Setcirc*: Change the current circuit
General Form:
@example
setcirc [circuit name]
@end example
The current circuit is the one that is used for the simulation commands
below. When a circuit is loaded with the source command (see below) it
becomes the current circuit.
@node Setplot, Settype, Setcirc, Commands
@subsection Setplot: Switch the current set of vectors
General Form:
@example
setplot [plotname]
@end example
Set the current plot to the plot with the given name, or if no name is
given, prompt the user with a menu. (Note that the plots are named as
they are loaded, with names like tran1 or op2. These names are shown by
the setplot and display commands and are used by diff, below.) If the
"New plot" item is selected, the current plot becomes one with no
vectors defined.
Note that here the word "plot" refers to a group of vectors that are the
result of one NGSPICE run. When more than one file is loaded in, or more
than one plot is present in one file, nutmeg keeps them separate and
only shows you the vectors in the current plot.
@node Settype, Shell, Setplot, Commands
@subsection Settype: Set the type of a vector
General Form:
@example
settype type vector ...
@end example
Change the type of the named vectors to type. Type names can be found
in the manual page for sconvert.
@node Shell, Shift, Settype, Commands
@subsection Shell: Call the command interpreter
General Form:
@example
shell [ command ]
@end example
Call the operating system's command interpreter; execute the specified
command or call for interactive use.
@node Shift, Show, Shell, Commands
@subsection Shift: Alter a list variable
General Form:
@example
shift [varname] [number]
@end example
If varname is the name of a list variable, it is shifted to the left by
number elements (i.e, the number leftmost elements are removed). The
default varname is argv, and the default number is 1.
@node Show, Showmod, Shift, Commands
@subsection Show*: List device state
General Form:
@example
show devices [ : parameters ] , ...
@end example
The show command prints out tables summarizing the operating condition
of selected devices (much like the spice2 operation point summary). If
device is missing, a default set of devices are listed, if device is a
single letter, devices of that type are listed; if device is a
subcircuit name (beginning and ending in ":") only devices in that
subcircuit are shown (end the name in a double-":" to get devices within
sub-subcircuits recursively). The second and third forms may be
combined ("letter:subcircuit:") or "letter:subcircuit::") to select a
specific type of device from a subcircuit. A device's full name may be
specified to list only that device. Finally, devices may be selected by
model by using the form "#modelname" or ":subcircuit#modelname" or
"letter:subcircuit#modelname".
If no parameters are specified, the values for a standard set of
parameters are listed. If the list of parameters contains a "+", the
default set of parameters is listed along with any other specified
parameters.
For both devices and parameters, the word "all" has the obvious meaning.
Note: there must be spaces separating the ":" that divides the device
list from the parameter list.
@node Showmod, Source, Show, Commands
@subsection Showmod*: List model parameter values
General Form:
@example
showmod models [ : parameters ] , ...
@end example
The showmod command operates like the show command (above) but prints
out model parameter values. The applicable forms for models are a
single letter specifying the device type letter, "letter:subckt:",
"modelname", ":subckt:modelname", or "letter:subcircuit:modelname".
@node Source, Status, Showmod, Commands
@subsection Source: Read a Ngspice input file
General Form:
@example
source file
@end example
For Ngspice: Read the Ngspice input file file. Nutmeg and Ngspice commands
may be included in the file, and must be enclosed between the lines
.control and .endc. These commands are executed immediately after the
circuit is loaded, so a control line of ac ... works the same as the
corresponding .ac card. The first line in any input file is considered
a title line and not parsed but kept as the name of the circuit. The
exception to this rule is the file .spiceinit. Thus, a Ngspice command
script must begin with a blank line and then with a acters *# is
considered a control line. This makes it possible to imbed commands in
Ngspice input files that are ignored by earlier versions of Spice2
For Nutmeg: Reads commands from the file filename. Lines beginning with
the character * are considered comments and ignored.
@node Status, Step, Source, Commands
@subsection Status*: Display breakpoint information
General Form:
@example
status
@end example
Display all of the traces and breakpoints currently in effect.
@node Step, Stop, Status, Commands
@subsection Step*: Run a fixed number of timepoints
General Form:
@example
step [number]
@end example
Iterate number times, or once, and then stop.
@node Stop, Tf, Step, Commands
@subsection Stop*: Set a breakpoint
General Form:
@example
stop [ after n] [ when value cond value ] ...
@end example
Set a breakpoint. The argument after n means stop after n iteration
number n, and the argument when value cond value means stop when the
first value is in the given relation with the second value, the possible
relations being
@example
eq or = equal to
ne or <> not equal to
gt or > greater than
lt or < less than
ge or >= greater than or equal to
le or <= less than or equal to
@end example
IO redirection is disabled for the stop command, since the relational
operations conflict with it (it doesn't produce any output anyway). The
values above may be node names in the running circuit, or real values.
If more than one condition is given, e.g. stop after 4 when @math{v(1) > 4}
when @math{v(2) < 2}, the conjunction of the conditions is implied.
@subsection Sysinfo: Print system information
General Form:
@example
sysinfo
@end example
The command prints system information useful for sending bug report
to developers. Information consists of:
@itemize @bullet
@item Name of the operating system,
@item Name of the node,
@item Current release of the operating system,
@item Current version of this release,
@item Name of hardware type.
@end itemize
The example below shows the use of this command.
@example
ngspice 1 -> sysinfo
Linux janus.wayout.net 2.4.20 #1 SMP Tue Jun 10 18:58:26 CEST 2003 i686
ngspice 2 ->
@end example
@quotation Note
This command may not be available on your environment, if
it is not available, please send analogous information when submitting
bug reports.
@end quotation
@node Tf, Trace, Stop, Commands
@subsection Tf*: Run a Transfer Function analysis
General Form:
@example
tf output_node input_source
@end example
The tf command performs a transfer function analysis, returning the
transfer function (output/input), output resistance, and input
resistance between the given output node and the given input source.
The analysis assumes a small-signal DC (slowly varying) input.
@node Trace, Tran, Tf, Commands
@subsection Trace*: Trace nodes
General Form:
@example
trace [ node ...]
@end example
For every step of an analysis, the value of the node is printed.
Several traces may be active at once. Tracing is not applicable for all
analyses. To remove a trace, use the delete command.
@node Tran, Transpose, Trace, Commands
@subsection Tran*: Perform a transient analysis
General Form:
@example
tran Tstep Tstop [ Tstart [ Tmax ] ] [ UIC ]
@end example
Perform a transient analysis. See the previous sections of this manual
for more details.
@node Transpose, Unalias, Tran, Commands
@subsection Transpose: Swap the elements in a multi-dimensional data set
General Form:
@example
transpose vector vector ...
@end example
This command transposes a multidimensional vector. No analysis in
Ngspice produces multidimensional vectors, although the DC transfer curve
may be run with two varying sources. You must use the "reshape" command
to reform the one-dimensional vectors into two dimensional vectors. In
addition, the default scale is incorrect for plotting. You must plot
versus the vector corresponding to the second source, but you must also
refer only to the first segment of this second source vector. For
example (circuit to produce the transfer characteristic of a MOS
transistor):
@example
ngspice > dc vgg 0 5 1 vdd 0 5 1
ngspice > plot i(vdd)
ngspice > reshape all [6,6]
ngspice > transpose i(vdd) v(drain)
ngspice > plot i(vdd) vs v(drain)[0]
@end example
@node Unalias, Undefine, Transpose, Commands
@subsection Unalias: Retract an alias
General Form:
@example
unalias [word ...]
@end example
Removes any aliases present for the words.
@node Undefine, Unset, Unalias, Commands
@subsection Undefine: Retract a definition
General Form:
@example
undefine function
@end example
Definitions for the named user-defined functions are deleted.
@node Unset, Version, Undefine, Commands
@subsection Unset: Clear a variable
General Form:
@example
unset [word ...]
@end example
Clear the value of the specified variable(s) (word).
@node Version, Where, Unset, Commands
@subsection Version: Print the version of ngspice
General Form:
@example
version [-s | -f | ]
@end example
Print out the version of @emph{nutmeg} that is running, if invoked without argument
or with @code{-s} or @code{-f}. If the argument is a @code{} (any string different
from @code{-s} or @code{-f} is considered a @code{} ), the command checks to make
sure that the arguments match the current version of NGSPICE.
(This is mainly used as a @code{Command:} line in rawfiles.)
@emph{Options description}
@itemize @bullet
@item No option: The output of the command is the message you can see when running NGSPICE
from the command line, no more no less.
@item @code{-s}(hort): A shorter version of the message you see when calling NGSPICE from the
command line.
@item @code{-f}(ull): You may want to use this option if you want to know what extensions
are included into the simulator and what compilation switches are
active. A list of compilation options and included extensions is
appended to the normal (not short) message. May be useful when sending
bug reports.
@end itemize
The following example shows what the command returns is some situations:
@example
ngspice 10 -> version
******
** ngspice-15 : Circuit level simulation program
** The U. C. Berkeley CAD Group
** Copyright 1985-1994, Regents of the University of California.
** Please submit bug-reports to: ngspice-devel@@lists.sourceforge.net
** Creation Date: Sun Aug 24 00:35:57 CEST 2003
******
ngspice 11 -> version 14
Note: rawfile is version 14 (current version is 15)
ngspice 12 -> version 15
ngspice 13 ->
@end example
@strong{Note for developers:} The option listing returned when @code{version} is called with the
@code{-f} option is built at compile time using @code{#ifdef} blocks. When new compile switch are
added, if you want them to appear on the list, you have to modify the code in @file{misccoms.c}.
@node Where, Write, Version, Commands
@subsection Where: Identify troublesome node or device
General Form:
@example
where
@end example
When performing a transient or operating point analysis, the name of the
last node or device to cause non-convergence is saved. The where
command prints out this information so that you can examine the circuit
and either correct the problem or make a bug report. You may do this
either in the middle of a run or after the simulator has given up on the
analysis. For transient simulation, the iplot command can be used to
monitor the progress of the analysis. When the analysis slows down
severly or hangs, interrupt the simulator (with control-C) and issue the
where command. Note that only one node or device is printed; there may
be problems with more than one node.
@node Write, Xgraph, Where, Commands
@subsection Write: Write data to a file
General Form:
@example
write [file] [exprs]
@end example
Writes out the expressions to file.
First vectors are grouped together by plots, and written out as such
(i.e, if the expression list contained three vectors from one plot and
two from another, then two plots are written, one with three vectors and
one with two). Additionally, if the scale for a vector isn't present,
it is automatically written out as well.
The default format is ascii, but this can be changed with the set
filetype command. The default filename is rawspice.raw, or the argument
to the -r flag on the command line, if there was one, and the default
expression list is all.
@node Xgraph, While - End, Write, Commands
@subsection Xgraph: use the xgraph(1) program for plotting.
General Form:
@example
xgraph file [exprs] [plot options]
@end example
The ngspice/nutmeg xgraph command plots data like the plot command but
via xgraph, a popular X11 plotting program.
If file is either "temp" or "tmp" a temporary file is used to hold the
data while being plotted. For available plot options, see the plot
command. All options except for polar or smith plots are supported.
@section Control Structures
@node While - End, Repeat - End, Xgraph, Commands
@subsection While - End
General Form:
@example
while condition
statement
...
end
@end example
While condition, an arbitrary algebraic expression, is true, execute the
statements.
@node Repeat - End, Dowhile - End, While - End, Commands
@subsection Repeat - End
General Form:
@example
repeat [number]
statement
...
end
@end example
Execute the statements number times, or forever if no argument is given.
@node Dowhile - End, Foreach - End, Repeat - End, Commands
@subsection Dowhile - End
General Form:
@example
dowhile condition
statement
...
end
@end example
The same as while, except that the condition is tested after the
statements are executed.
@node Foreach - End, If - Then - Else, Dowhile - End, Commands
@subsection Foreach - End
General Form:
@example
foreach var value ...
statement
...
end
@end example
The statements are executed once for each of the values, each time with
the variable var set to the current one. (var can be accessed by the
$var notation - see below).
@node If - Then - Else, Label, Foreach - End, Commands
@subsection If - Then - Else
General Form:
@example
if condition
statement
...
else
statement
...
end
@end example
If the condition is non-zero then the first set of statements are
executed, otherwise the second set. The else and the second set of
statements may be omitted.
@node Label, Goto, If - Then - Else, Commands
@subsection Label
General Form:
@example
label word
@end example
If a statement of the form goto word is encountered, control is
transferred to this point, otherwise this is a no-op.
@node Goto, Continue, Label, Commands
@subsection Goto
General Form:
@example
goto word
@end example
If a statement of the form label word is present in the block or an
enclosing block, control is transferred there. Note that if the label
is at the top level, it must be before the goto statement (i.e, a
forward goto may occur only within a block).
@node Continue, Break, Goto, Commands
@subsection Continue
General Form:
@example
continue
@end example
If there is a while, dowhile, or foreach block enclosing this statement,
control passes to the test, or in the case of foreach, the next value is
taken. Otherwise an error results.
@node Break, , Continue, Commands
@subsection Break
General Form:
@example
break
@end example
If there is a while, dowhile, or foreach block enclosing this statement,
control passes out of the block. Otherwise an error results.
Of course, control structures may be nested. When a block is entered
and the input is the terminal, the prompt becomes a number of >'s
corresponding to the number of blocks the user has entered. The current
control structures may be examined with the debugging command cdump.
@node Variables, Bugs, Commands, Interactive Interpreter
@section Variables
The operation of both Nutmeg and Ngspice may be affected by setting
variables with the "set" command. In addition to the variables
mentioned below, the set command in Ngspice also affect the behaviour of
the simulator via the options previously described under the section on
".OPTIONS".
The variables meaningful to nutmeg which may be altered by the set
command are:
@vtable @code
@item diff_abstol
The absolute tolerance used by the diff command. appendwrite Append to
the file when a write command is is sued, if one already exists.
@item colorN
These variables determine the colors used, if X is being run on a color
display. N may be between 0 and 15. Color 0 is the background, color 1
is the grid and text color, and colors 2 through 15 are used in order
for vectors plot ted. The value of the color variables should be names
of colors, which may be found in the file /usr/lib/rgb.txt.
@item combplot
Plot vectors by drawing a vertical line from each point to the X-axis,
as opposed to joining the points. Note that this option is subsumed in
the plottype option, below.
@item cpdebug
Print cshpar debugging information (must be com plied with the -DCPDEBUG
flag). Unsupported in the current release.
@item debug
If set then a lot of debugging information is printed (must be compiled
with the -DFTEDEBUG flag). Unsupported in the current release.
@item device
The name (@code{/dev/tty??}) of the graphics device. If this variable
isn't set then the user's terminal is used. To do plotting on another
monitor you probably have to set both the device and term variables.
(If device is set to the name of a file, nutmeg dumps the graphics
control codes into this file -- this is useful for saving plots.)
@item echo
Print out each command before it is executed.
@item filetype
This can be either ascii or binary, and determines what format are. The
default is ascii.
@item fourgridsize
How many points to use for interpolating into when doing fourier
analysis.
@item gridsize
If this variable is set to an integer, this number is used as the number
of equally spaced points to use for the Y axis when plotting. Otherwise
the current scale is used (which may not have equally spaced points).
If the current scale isn't strictly monotonic, then this option has no
effect.
@item hcopydev
If this is set, when the hardcopy command is run the resulting file is
automatically printed on the printer named hcopydev with the command
@code{lpr -Phcopydev -g file}.
@item hcopyfont
This variable specifies the font name for hardcopy output plots. The
value is device dependent.
@item hcopyfontsize
This is a scaling factor for the font used in hardcopy plots.
@item hcopydevtype
This variable specifies the type of the printer output to use in the
hardcopy command. If hcopydevtype is not set, plot (5) format is
assumed. The standard distribution currently recognizes postscript as
an alternative output for mat. When used in conjunction with hcopydev,
hcopydevtype should specify a format supported by the printer.
@item height
The length of the page for asciiplot and print col.
@item history
The number of events to save in the his tory list.
@item lprplot5
This is a printf(3s) style format string used to specify the command to
use for sending plot(5)-style plots to a printer or plotter. The first
parameter sup plied is the printer name, the second parameter supplied
is a file name containing the plot. Both parameters are strings. It
is trivial to cause Ngspice to abort by supplying a unreasonable format
string.
@item lprps
This is a printf(3s) style format string used to specify the command to
use for sending PostScript plots to a printer or plotter. The first
parameter supplied is the printer name, the second parameter supplied
is a file name containing the plot. Both parameters are strings. It is
trivial to cause Ngspice to abort by supplying a unreasonable format
string.
@item nfreqs
The number of frequencies to compute in the fourier command. (Defaults
to 10.)
@item nobreak
Don't have asciiplot and print col break between pages.
@item noasciiplotvalue
Don't print the first vector plotted to the left when doing an
asciiplot.
@item noclobber
Don't overwrite existing files when do ing IO redirection.
@item noglob
Don't expand the global characters `*', `?', `[', and `]'. This is the
default.
@item nogrid
Don't plot a grid when graphing curves (but do label the axes).
@item nomoremode
If nomoremode is not set, whenever a large amount of data is being
printed to the screen (e.g, the print or asciiplot commands), the output
is stopped every screenful and continues when a carriage return is
typed. If nomoremode is set then data scrolls off the screen without
check.
@item nonomatch
If noglob is unset and a global expression cannot be matched, use the
global characters literally instead of complaining.
@item nosort
Don't have display sort the variable names.
@item noprintscale
Don't print the scale in the leftmost column when a print col command is
given.
@item numdgt
The number of digits to print when printing tables of data (fourier,
print col). The default precision is 6 digits. On the VAX,
approximately 16 decimal digits are avail able using double precision,
so numdgt should not be more than 16. If the number is negative, one
fewer digit is printed to ensure constant widths in tables.
@item plottype
This should be one of normal, comb, or point:chars. normal, the
default, causes points to be plotted as parts of connected lines. comb
causes a comb plot to be done (see the description of the combplot
variable above). point causes each point to be plotted separately - the
chars are a list of characters that are used for each vector plotted.
If they are omitted then a de fault set is used.
@item polydegree
The degree of the polynomial that the plot command should fit to the
data. If polydegree is N, then nutmeg fits a degree N polynomial to
every set of N points and draw 10 intermediate points in between each
end point. If the points aren't monotonic, then it tries rotating the
curve and reducing the degree until a fit is achieved.
@item polysteps
The number of points to interpolate between every pair of points
available when doing curve fitting. The default is 10.
@item program
The name of the current program (argv[0]).
@item prompt
The prompt, with the character `!' replaced by the current event number.
@item rawfile
The default name for rawfiles created.
@item diff_reltol
The relative tolerance used by the diff command.
@item remote_shell
Overrides the name used for generating rspice runs (default is
"rsh").
@item rhost
The machine to use for remote NGSPICE runs, in stead of the default one
(see the description of the rspice command, below).
@item rprogram
The name of the remote program to use in the rspice command.
@item slowplot
Stop between each graph plotted and wait for the user to type return
before continuing.
@item sourcepath
A list of the directories to search when a source command is given. The
default is the current directory and the standard ngspice library
(/usr/local/lib/ngspice, or whatever LIBPATH is #defined to in the Ngspice
source.
@item spicepath
The program to use for the aspice command. The default is
/cad/bin/spice.
@item term
The mfb name of the current terminal.
@item units
If this is degrees, then all the trig functions will use degrees instead
of radians.
@item unixcom
If a command isn't defined, try to execute it as a UNIX command.
Setting this option has the effect of giving a rehash command, below.
This is useful for people who want to use nutmeg as a login shell.
@item verbose
Be verbose. This is midway between echo and de bug / cpdebug.
@item diff _vntol
The absolute voltage tolerance used by the diff command.
@item width
The width of the page for asciiplot and print col.
@item x11lineararcs
Some X11 implementations have poor arc drawing. If you set this option,
Ngspice will plot using an approximation to the curve using straight
lines.
@item xbrushheight
The height of the brush to use if X is being run.
@item xbrushwidth
The width of the brush to use if X is being run.
@item xfont
The name of the X font to use when plotting data and entering labels.
The plot may not look good if this is a variable-width font.
@end vtable
There are several set variables that Ngspice uses but Nutmeg does
not. They are:
@vtable @code
@item editor
The editor to use for the edit command.
@item modelcard
The name of the model card (normally
@item noaskquit
Do not check to make sure that there are no circuits suspended and no
plots un saved. Normally Ngspice warns the user when he tries to quit if
this is the case.
@item nobjthack
Assume that BJTs have 4 nodes.
@item noparse
Don't attempt to parse input files when they are read in (useful for
debugging). Of course, they cannot be run if they are not parsed.
nosubckt Don't expand subcircuits.
@item renumber
Renumber input lines when an input file has .include's. subend The card
to end subcircuits (normally
@item subinvoke
The prefix to invoke subcircuits (nor mally x). substart The card to
begin subcircuits (normally
@end vtable
@section INIT FILES
Ngspice reads some initialization information and paths from a file called
"spinit" or "tclspinit" (the latter if you have compiled tclspice). The init
file is read by ngspice or ngnutmeg as they start. The init script contains
spice commands (interactive commands). The following example show the standard
ngspice init file.
@example
* Standard spice and nutmeg init file
alias exit quit
alias acct rusage all
set x11lineararcs
*unset brief
strcmp __flag $program "ngspice"
if $__flag = 0
*set numparams
* For SPICE2 POLYs, edit the below line to point to the location
* of your codemode.
codemodel /usr/local/lib/spice/spice2poly.cm
* The other codemodels
codemodel /usr/local/lib/spice/analog.cm
codemodel /usr/local/lib/spice/digital.cm
codemodel /usr/local/lib/spice/xtradev.cm
codemodel /usr/local/lib/spice/xtraevt.cm
end
unset __flag
@end example
The spice init file location depends of the operating system you are running
and the configuration parameters.
The init file is the best place to put commands you always input when the
simulator starts.
@section MISCELLANEOUS
If there are subcircuits in the input file, Ngspice expands instances of
them. A subcircuit is delimited by the cards .subckt and .ends, or
whatever the value of the variables substart and subend is,
respectively. An instance of a subcircuit is created by specifying a
device with type 'x' - the device line is written
@example
xname node1 node2 ... subcktname
@end example
where the nodes are the node names that replace the formal parameters on
the .subckt line. All nodes that are not formal parameters are
prepended with the name given to the instance and a ':', as are the
names of the devices in the subcircuit. If there are several nested
subcircuits, node and device names look like subckt1:subckt2:...:name.
If the variable subinvoke is set, then it is used as the prefix that
specifies instances of subcircuits, instead of 'x'.
Nutmeg occasionally checks to see if it is getting close to running out
of space, and warns the user if this is the case. (This is more likely
to be useful with the NGSPICE front end.)
C-shell type quoting with "" and '', and backquote substitution may be
used. Within single quotes, no further substitution (like history
substitution) is done, and within double quotes, the words are kept
together but further substitution is done. Any text between backquotes
is replaced by the result of executing the text as a command to the
shell.
Tenex-style ('set filec' in the 4.3 C-shell) command, filename, and
keyword completion is possible: If EOF (control-D) is typed after the
first character on the line, a list of the commands or possible
arguments is printed (If it is alone on the line it exits nutmeg). If
escape is typed, then nutmeg tries to complete what the user has already
typed. To get a list of all commands, the user should type ^D.
The values of variables may be used in commands by writing $varname
where the value of the variable is to appear. The special variables $$
and $< refer to the process ID of the program and a line of input which
is read from the terminal when the variable is evaluated, respectively.
If a variable has a name of the form $&word, then word is considered a
vector (see above), and its value is taken to be the value of the
variable. If $foo is a valid variable, and is of type list, then the
expression $foo[low-high] represents a range of elements. Either the
upper index or the lower may be left out, and the reverse of a list may
be obtained with $foo[len-0]. Also, the notation $?foo evaluates to 1
if the variable foo is defined, 0 otherwise, and $#foo evaluates to the
number of elements in foo if it is a list, 1 if it is a number or
string, and 0 if it is a boolean variable.
History substitutions, similar to C-shell history substitutions, are
also available - see the C-shell manual page for all of the details.
The characters ~, @{, and @} have the same effects as they do in the
C-Shell, i.e., home directory and alternative expansion. It is possible
to use the wildcard characters *, ?, [, and ] also, but only if you
unset noglob first. This makes them rather useless for typing algebraic
expressions, so you should set noglob again after you are done with
wildcard expansion. Note that the pattern [^abc] matchs all characters
except a, b, and c.
IO redirection is available - the symbols >, >>, >&, >>&, and < have the
same effects as in the C-shell.
You may type multiple commands on one line, separated by semicolons.
If you want to use a different mfbcap file than the default (usually
~cad/lib/mfbcap), you have to set the environment variable SPICE_MFBCAP
before you start nutmeg or ngspice. The -m option and the mfbcap variable
no longer work.
If X is being used, the cursor may be positioned at any point on the
screen when the window is up and characters typed at the keyboard are
added to the window at that point. The window may then be sent to a
printer using the xpr(1) program.
Nutmeg can be run under VAX/VMS, as well as several other operating
systems. Some features like command completion, expansion of *, ?, and
[], backquote substitution, the shell command, and so forth do not work.
On some systems you have to respond to the -moreprompt during plot with
a carriage return instead of any key as you can do on UNIX.
@node Bugs, , Variables, Interactive Interpreter
@section Bugs
The label entry facilities are primitive. You must be careful to type
slowly when entering labels -- nutmeg checks for input once every
second, and can get confused if characters arrive faster.
If you redefine colors after creating a plot window with X, and then
cause the window to be redrawn, it does not redraw in the correct
colors.
When defining aliases like
@example
alias pdb plot db( '!:1' - '!:2' )
@end example
you must be careful to quote the argument list substitutions in this
manner. If you quote the whole argument it might not work properly.
In a user-defined function, the arguments cannot be part of a name that
uses the plot.vec syntax. For example:
@example
define check(v(1)) cos(tran1.v(1))
@end example
does not work.
If you type plot all all, or otherwise use a wildcard reference for one
plot twice in a command, the effect is unpredictable.
The asciiplot command doesn't deal with log scales or the delta
keywords.
Often the names of terminals recognized by MFB are different from those
in /etc/termcap. Thus you may have to reset your terminal type with the
command
@example
set term = termname
@end example
where termname is the name in the mfbcap file.
The hardcopy command is useless on VMS and other systems without the
plot command, unless the user has a program that understands plot(5)
format.
Ngspice recognizes all the notations used in SPICE2 .plot cards, and
translates vp(1) into ph(v(1)), and so forth. However, if there are
spaces in these names it won't work. Hence v(1, 2) and (-.5, .5) aren't
recognized.
BJTs can have either 3 or 4 nodes, which makes it difficult for the
subcircuit expansion routines to decide what to rename. If the fourth
parameter has been declared as a model name, then it is assumed that
there are 3 nodes, otherwise it is considered a node. To disable this,
you can set the variable "nobjthack" which forces BJTs to have 4 nodes
(for the purposes of subcircuit expansion, at least).
The @@name[param] notation might not work with trace, iplot, etc. yet.
The first line of a command file (except for the .spiceinit file) should
be a comment, otherwise NGSPICE may create an empty circuit.
Files specified on the command line are read before .spiceinit is read.
@node Bibliography, Example Circuits, Interactive Interpreter, Top
@chapter Bibliography
[1] A. Vladimirescu and S. Liu, The Simulation of MOS Integrated
Circuits Using SPICE2 ERL Memo No. ERL M80/7, Electronics Research
Laboratory University of California, Berkeley, October 1980
[2] T. Sakurai and A. R. Newton, A Simple MOSFET Model for Circuit
Analysis and its application to CMOS gate delay analysis and
series-connected MOSFET Structure ERL Memo No. ERL M90/19, Electronics
Research Labora tory, University of California, Berkeley, March 1990
[3] B. J. Sheu, D. L. Scharfetter, and P. K. Ko, SPICE2
Implementation of BSIM ERL Memo No. ERL M85/42, Electronics Research
Labora tory University of California, Berkeley, May 1985
[4] J. R. Pierret, A MOS Parameter Extraction Program for the BSIM
Model ERL Memo Nos. ERL M84/99 and M84/100, Electronics Research
Laboratory University of California, Berkeley, November 1984
[5] Min-Chie Jeng, Design and Modeling of Deep Submicrometer MOSFETSs
ERL Memo Nos. ERL M90/90, Electronics Research Labora tory University of
California, Berkeley, October 1990
[6] Soyeon Park, Analysis and SPICE implementation of High Temperature
Effects on MOSFET, Master's thesis, University of California, Berkeley,
December 1986.
[7] Clement Szeto, Simulator of Temperature Effects in MOS FETs
(STEIM), Master's thesis, University of California, Berkeley, May 1988.
[8] J.S. Roychowdhury and D.O. Pederson, Efficient Tran sient
Simulation of Lossy Interconnect, Proc. of the 28th ACM/IEEE Design
Automation Confer ence, June 17-21 1991, San Francisco
[9] A. E. Parker and D. J. Skellern, An Improved FET Model for Computer
Simulators, IEEE Trans CAD, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 551-553, May 1990.
[10] R. Saleh and A. Yang, Editors, Simulation and Modeling, IEEE
Circuits and Devices, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 7-8 and 49, May 1992
[11] H.Statz et al., GaAs FET Device and Circuit Simulation in SPICE,
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, V34, Number 2, February, 1987
pp160-169.
[12] Weidong Liu et al., BSIM3v3.2.2 MOSFET Model Users' Manual,
http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsim3/ftpv322/Mod_doc/V322manu.tar.Z
[13] Weidong Lui et al. BSIM3.v3.2.3 MOSFET Model Users' Manual,
http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsim3/ftpv323/Mod_doc/BSIM323_manu.tar
@node Example Circuits, Model and Device Parameters, Bibliography, Top
@chapter Example Circuits
@menu
* Differential Pair::
* MOSFET Characterization::
* RTL Inverter::
* Four-Bit Binary Adder::
* Transmission-Line Inverter::
@end menu
@node Differential Pair, MOSFET Characterization, Example Circuits, Example Circuits
@section Differential Pair
The following deck determines the dc operating point of a simple
differential pair. In addition, the ac small-signal response is computed
over the frequency range 1Hz to 100MEGHz.
@example
SIMPLE DIFFERENTIAL PAIR
VCC 7 0 12
VEE 8 0 -12
VIN 1 0 AC 1
RS1 1 2 1K
RS2 6 0 1K
Q1 3 2 4 MOD1
Q2 5 6 4 MOD1
RC1 7 3 10K
RC2 7 5 10K
RE 4 8 10K
.MODEL MOD1 NPN BF=50 VAF=50 IS=1.E-12 RB=100 CJC=.5PF TF=.6NS
.TF V(5) VIN
.AC DEC 10 1 100MEG
.END
@end example
@node MOSFET Characterization, RTL Inverter, Differential Pair, Example Circuits
@section MOSFET Characterization
The following deck computes the output characteristics of a MOSFET
device over the range 0-10V for VDS and 0-5V for VGS.
@example
MOS OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
.OPTIONS NODE NOPAGE
VDS 3 0
VGS 2 0
M1 1 2 0 0 MOD1 L=4U W=6U AD=10P AS=10P
* VIDS MEASURES ID, WE COULD HAVE USED VDS, BUT ID WOULD BE NEGATIVE
VIDS 3 1
.MODEL MOD1 NMOS VTO=-2 NSUB=1.0E15 UO=550
.DC VDS 0 10 .5 VGS 0 5 1
.END
@end example
@node RTL Inverter, Four-Bit Binary Adder, MOSFET Characterization, Example Circuits
@section RTL Inverter
The following deck determines the dc transfer curve and the transient
pulse response of a simple RTL inverter. The input is a pulse from 0 to
5 Volts with delay, rise, and fall times of 2ns and a pulse width of
30ns. The transient interval is 0 to 100ns, with printing to be done
every nanosecond.
@example
SIMPLE RTL INVERTER
VCC 4 0 5
VIN 1 0 PULSE 0 5 2NS 2NS 2NS 30NS
RB 1 2 10K
Q1 3 2 0 Q1
RC 3 4 1K
.MODEL Q1 NPN BF 20 RB 100 TF .1NS CJC 2PF
.DC VIN 0 5 0.1
.TRAN 1NS 100NS
.END
@end example
@node Four-Bit Binary Adder, Transmission-Line Inverter, RTL Inverter, Example Circuits
@section Four-Bit Binary Adder
The following deck simulates a four-bit binary adder, using several
subcircuits to describe various pieces of the overall circuit.
@example
ADDER - 4 BIT ALL-NAND-GATE BINARY ADDER
*** SUBCIRCUIT DEFINITIONS
.SUBCKT NAND 1 2 3 4
* NODES: INPUT(2), OUTPUT, VCC
Q1 9 5 1 QMOD
D1CLAMP 0 1 DMOD
Q2 9 5 2 QMOD
D2CLAMP 0 2 DMOD
RB 4 5 4K
R1 4 6 1.6K
Q3 6 9 8 QMOD
R2 8 0 1K
RC 4 7 130
Q4 7 6 10 QMOD
DVBEDROP 10 3 DMOD
Q5 3 8 0 QMOD
.ENDS NAND
.SUBCKT ONEBIT 1 2 3 4 5 6
* NODES: INPUT(2), CARRY-IN, OUTPUT, CARRY-OUT, VCC
X1 1 2 7 6 NAND
X2 1 7 8 6 NAND
X3 2 7 9 6 NAND
X4 8 9 10 6 NAND
X5 3 10 11 6 NAND
X6 3 11 12 6 NAND
X7 10 11 13 6 NAND
X8 12 13 4 6 NAND
X9 11 7 5 6 NAND
.ENDS ONEBIT
.SUBCKT TWOBIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
* NODES: INPUT - BIT0(2) / BIT1(2), OUTPUT - BIT0 / BIT1,
* CARRY-IN, CARRY-OUT, VCC
X1 1 2 7 5 10 9 ONEBIT
X2 3 4 10 6 8 9 ONEBIT
.ENDS TWOBIT
.SUBCKT FOURBIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
* NODES: INPUT - BIT0(2) / BIT1(2) / BIT2(2) / BIT3(2),
* OUTPUT - BIT0 / BIT1 / BIT2 / BIT3, CARRY-IN, CARRY-OUT, VCC
X1 1 2 3 4 9 10 13 16 15 TWOBIT
X2 5 6 7 8 11 12 16 14 15 TWOBIT
.ENDS FOURBIT
*** DEFINE NOMINAL CIRCUIT
.MODEL DMOD D
.MODEL QMOD NPN(BF=75 RB=100 CJE=1PF CJC=3PF)
VCC 99 0 DC 5V
VIN1A 1 0 PULSE(0 3 0 10NS 10NS 10NS 50NS)
VIN1B 2 0 PULSE(0 3 0 10NS 10NS 20NS 100NS)
VIN2A 3 0 PULSE(0 3 0 10NS 10NS 40NS 200NS)
VIN2B 4 0 PULSE(0 3 0 10NS 10NS 80NS 400NS)
VIN3A 5 0 PULSE(0 3 0 10NS 10NS 160NS 800NS)
VIN3B 6 0 PULSE(0 3 0 10NS 10NS 320NS 1600NS)
VIN4A 7 0 PULSE(0 3 0 10NS 10NS 640NS 3200NS)
VIN4B 8 0 PULSE(0 3 0 10NS 10NS 1280NS 6400NS)
X1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 13 99 FOURBIT
RBIT0 9 0 1K
RBIT1 10 0 1K
RBIT2 11 0 1K
RBIT3 12 0 1K
RCOUT 13 0 1K
*** (FOR THOSE WITH MONEY (AND MEMORY) TO BURN)
.TRAN 1NS 6400NS
.END
@end example
@node Transmission-Line Inverter, , Four-Bit Binary Adder, Example Circuits
@section Transmission-Line Inverter
The following deck simulates a transmission-line inverter. Two
transmission-line elements are required since two propagation modes are
excited. In the case of a coaxial line, the first line (T1) models the
inner conductor with respect to the shield, and the second line (T2)
models the shield with respect to the outside world.
@example
TRANSMISSION-LINE INVERTER
V1 1 0 PULSE(0 1 0 0.1N)
R1 1 2 50
X1 2 0 0 4 TLINE
R2 4 0 50
.SUBCKT TLINE 1 2 3 4
T1 1 2 3 4 Z0=50 TD=1.5NS
T2 2 0 4 0 Z0=100 TD=1NS
.ENDS TLINE
.TRAN 0.1NS 20NS
.END
@end example
@node Model and Device Parameters, , Example Circuits, Top
@chapter Model and Device Parameters
The following tables summarize the parameters available on each of the
devices and models in (note that for some systems with limited memory,
output parameters are not available). There are several tables for each
type of device supported by . Input parameters to instances and models
are parameters that can occur on an instance or model definition line in
the form "keyword=value" where "keyword" is the parameter name as given
in the tables. Default input parameters (such as the resistance of a
resistor or the capacitance of a capacitor) obviously do not need the
keyword specified.
Output parameters are those additional parameters which are available
for many types of instances for the output of operating point and
debugging information. These parameters are specified as
"@@device[keyword]" and are available for the most recent point computed
or, if specified in a ".save" statement, for an entire simulation as a
normal output vector. Thus, to monitor the gate-to-source capacitance
of a MOSFET, a command
@example
save @@m1[cgs]
@end example
given before a transient simulation causes the specified capacitance
value to be saved at each timepoint, and a subsequent command such as
@example
plot @@m1[cgs]
@end example
produces the desired plot. (Note that the show command does not use
this format).
Some variables are listed as both input and output, and their output
simply returns the previously input value, or the default value after
the simulation has been run. Some parameter are input only because the
output system can not handle variables of the given type yet, or the
need for them as output variables has not been apparent. Many such
input variables are available as output variables in a different format,
such as the initial condition vectors that can be retrieved as
individual initial condition values. Finally, internally derived values
are output only and are provided for debugging and operating point
output purposes.
Please note that these tables do not provide the detailed information
available about the parameters provided in the section on each device
and model, but are provided as a quick reference guide.
@menu
* Uniform RC line::
* Arbitrary Source::
* Bipolar Junction Transistor::
* BSIM1 Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model::
* BSIM2 Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model::
* Fixed capacitor::
* Current controlled current source::
* Linear current controlled current source::
* Current controlled ideal switch::
* Junction Diode model::
* Inductor::
* Mutual inductors::
* Independent current source::
* Junction Field effect transistor::
* Lossy transmission line::
* GaAs MESFET model::
* Level 1 MOSfet model::
* Level 2 MOSfet model::
* Level 3 MOSfet model::
* Level 6 MOSfet model::
* Simple linear resistor::
* Ideal voltage controlled switch::
* Lossless transmission line::
* Voltage controlled current source::
* Voltage controlled voltage source::
* Independent voltage source::
@end menu
@node Uniform RC line, Arbitrary Source, Model and Device Parameters, Model and Device Parameters
@section URC: Uniform R.C. line
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| URC - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| l Length of transmission line |
| n Number of lumps |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| URC - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pos_node Positive node of URC |
| neg_node Negative node of URC |
| gnd Ground node of URC |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| URC - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| urc Uniform R.C. line model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| URC - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| k Propagation constant |
| fmax Maximum frequency of interest |
| rperl Resistance per unit length |
| cperl Capacitance per unit length |
| isperl Saturation current per length |
| rsperl Diode resistance per length |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Arbitrary Source, Bipolar Junction Transistor, Uniform RC line, Model and Device Parameters
@section ASRC: Arbitrary Source
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| ASRC - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| i Current source |
| v Voltage source |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| ASRC - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| i Current through source |
| v Voltage across source |
| pos_node Positive Node |
| neg_node Negative Node |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Bipolar Junction Transistor, BSIM1 Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model, Arbitrary Source, Model and Device Parameters
@section BJT: Bipolar Junction Transistor
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| BJT - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ic Initial condition vector |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BJT - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Device initially off |
| icvbe Initial B-E voltage |
| icvce Initial C-E voltage |
| area Area factor |
| temp instance temperature |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BJT - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| colnode Number of collector node |
| basenode Number of base node |
| emitnode Number of emitter node |
| substnode Number of substrate node |
------------------------------------------------------------
| colprimenode Internal collector node |
| baseprimenode Internal base node |
| emitprimenode Internal emitter node |
| ic Current at collector node |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
ib Current at base node
| ie Emitter current |
| is Substrate current |
| vbe B-E voltage |
------------------------------------------------------------
| vbc B-C voltage |
| gm Small signal transconductance |
| gpi Small signal input conductance - pi |
| gmu Small signal conductance - mu |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| gx Conductance from base to internal base |
| go Small signal output conductance |
| geqcb d(Ibe)/d(Vbc) |
| gccs Internal C-S cap. equiv. cond. |
------------------------------------------------------------
| geqbx Internal C-B-base cap. equiv. cond. |
| cpi Internal base to emitter capactance |
| cmu Internal base to collector capactiance |
| cbx Base to collector capacitance |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ccs Collector to substrate capacitance |
| cqbe Cap. due to charge storage in B-E jct. |
| cqbc Cap. due to charge storage in B-C jct. |
| cqcs Cap. due to charge storage in C-S jct. |
| cqbx Cap. due to charge storage in B-X jct. |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BJT - instance output-only parameters - continued
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cexbc Total Capacitance in B-X junction |
| qbe Charge storage B-E junction |
| qbc Charge storage B-C junction |
| qcs Charge storage C-S junction |
| qbx Charge storage B-X junction |
| p Power dissipation |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BJT - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| npn NPN type device |
| pnp PNP type device |
| is Saturation Current |
| bf Ideal forward beta |
------------------------------------------------------------
| nf Forward emission coefficient |
| vaf Forward Early voltage |
| va (null) |
| ikf Forward beta roll-off corner current |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ik (null) |
| ise B-E leakage saturation current |
| ne B-E leakage emission coefficient |
| br Ideal reverse beta |
------------------------------------------------------------
| nr Reverse emission coefficient |
| var Reverse Early voltage |
| vb (null) |
| ikr reverse beta roll-off corner current |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| isc B-C leakage saturation current |
| nc B-C leakage emission coefficient |
| rb Zero bias base resistance |
| irb Current for base resistance=(rb+rbm)/2 |
------------------------------------------------------------
| rbm Minimum base resistance |
| re Emitter resistance |
| rc Collector resistance |
| cje Zero bias B-E depletion capacitance |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vje B-E built in potential |
| pe (null) |
| mje B-E junction grading coefficient |
| me (null) |
------------------------------------------------------------
| tf Ideal forward transit time |
| xtf Coefficient for bias dependence of TF |
| vtf Voltage giving VBC dependence of TF |
| itf High current dependence of TF |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ptf Excess phase |
| cjc Zero bias B-C depletion capacitance |
| vjc B-C built in potential |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BJT - model input-output parameters - continued
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pc (null) |
| mjc B-C junction grading coefficient |
| mc (null) |
| xcjc Fraction of B-C cap to internal base |
------------------------------------------------------------
| tr Ideal reverse transit time |
| cjs Zero bias C-S capacitance |
| ccs Zero bias C-S capacitance |
| vjs Substrate junction built in potential |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ps (null) |
| mjs Substrate junction grading coefficient |
| ms (null) |
| xtb Forward and reverse beta temp. exp. |
------------------------------------------------------------
| eg Energy gap for IS temp. dependency |
| xti Temp. exponent for IS |
| fc Forward bias junction fit parameter |
| tnom Parameter measurement temperature |
| kf Flicker Noise Coefficient |
| af Flicker Noise Exponent |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BJT - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| type NPN or PNP |
| invearlyvoltf Inverse early voltage:forward |
| invearlyvoltr Inverse early voltage:reverse |
| invrollofff Inverse roll off - forward |
------------------------------------------------------------
| invrolloffr Inverse roll off - reverse |
| collectorconduct Collector conductance |
| emitterconduct Emitter conductance |
| transtimevbcfact Transit time VBC factor |
| excessphasefactor Excess phase fact. |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node BSIM1 Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model, BSIM2 Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model, Bipolar Junction Transistor, Model and Device Parameters
@section BSIM1: Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM1 - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ic Vector of DS,GS,BS initial voltages |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM1 - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| l Length |
| w Width |
| ad Drain area |
| as Source area |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pd Drain perimeter |
| ps Source perimeter |
| nrd Number of squares in drain |
| nrs Number of squares in source |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Device is initially off |
| vds Initial D-S voltage |
| vgs Initial G-S voltage |
| vbs Initial B-S voltage |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM1 - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| nmos Flag to indicate NMOS |
| pmos Flag to indicate PMOS |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM1 - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vfb Flat band voltage |
|lvfb Length dependence of vfb |
| wvfb Width dependence of vfb |
| phi Strong inversion surface potential |
------------------------------------------------------------
| lphi Length dependence of phi |
| wphi Width dependence of phi |
| k1 Bulk effect coefficient 1 |
| lk1 Length dependence of k1 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| wk1 Width dependence of k1 |
| k2 Bulk effect coefficient 2 |
| lk2 Length dependence of k2 |
| wk2 Width dependence of k2 |
------------------------------------------------------------
| eta VDS dependence of threshold voltage |
| leta Length dependence of eta |
| weta Width dependence of eta |
| x2e VBS dependence of eta |
| lx2e Length dependence of x2e |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM1 - model input-output parameters - continued |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|wx2e Width dependence of x2e |
|x3e VDS dependence of eta |
|lx3e Length dependence of x3e |
|wx3e Width dependence of x3e |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|dl Channel length reduction in um |
|dw Channel width reduction in um |
|muz Zero field mobility at VDS=0 VGS=VTH |
|x2mz VBS dependence of muz |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|lx2mz Length dependence of x2mz |
|wx2mz Width dependence of x2mz |
mus Mobility at VDS=VDD VGS=VTH, channel length modulation
|lmus Length dependence of mus |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|wmus Width dependence of mus |
|x2ms VBS dependence of mus |
|lx2ms Length dependence of x2ms |
|wx2ms Width dependence of x2ms |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|x3ms VDS dependence of mus |
|lx3ms Length dependence of x3ms |
|wx3ms Width dependence of x3ms |
|u0 VGS dependence of mobility |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|lu0 Length dependence of u0 |
|wu0 Width dependence of u0 |
|x2u0 VBS dependence of u0 |
|lx2u0 Length dependence of x2u0 |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|wx2u0 Width dependence of x2u0 |
|u1 VDS dependece of mobility, velocity saturation |
|lu1 Length dependence of u1 |
|wu1 Width dependence of u1 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|x2u1 VBS dependence of u1 |
|lx2u1 Length dependence of x2u1 |
|wx2u1 Width dependence of x2u1 |
|x3u1 VDS dependence of u1 |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|lx3u1 Length dependence of x3u1 |
|wx3u1 Width dependence of x3u1 |
|n0 Subthreshold slope |
ln0 Length dependence of n0
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|wn0 Width dependence of n0 |
|nb VBS dependence of subthreshold slope |
|lnb Length dependence of nb |
|wnb Width dependence of nb |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|nd VDS dependence of subthreshold slope |
|lnd Length dependence of nd |
|wnd Width dependence of nd |
| continued |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM1 - model input-output parameters - continued |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|tox Gate oxide thickness in um |
|temp Temperature in degree Celsius |
|vdd Supply voltage to specify mus |
|cgso Gate source overlap capacitance per unit channel width(m) |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|cgdo Gate drain overlap capacitance per unit channel width(m) |
|cgbo Gate bulk overlap capacitance per unit channel length(m) |
|xpart Flag for channel charge partitioning |
|rsh Source drain diffusion sheet resistance in ohm per square |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|js Source drain junction saturation current per unit area |
|pb Source drain junction built in potential |
|mj Source drain bottom junction capacitance grading coefficient
|pbsw Source drain side junction capacitance built in potential |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|mjsw Source drain side junction capacitance grading coefficient |
|cj Source drain bottom junction capacitance per unit area |
|cjsw Source drain side junction capacitance per unit area |
|wdf Default width of source drain diffusion in um |
|dell Length reduction of source drain diffusion |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node BSIM2 Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model, Fixed capacitor, BSIM1 Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model, Model and Device Parameters
@section BSIM2: Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM2 - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ic Vector of DS,GS,BS initial voltages |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM2 - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| l Length |
| w Width |
| ad Drain area |
| as Source area |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pd Drain perimeter |
| ps Source perimeter |
| nrd Number of squares in drain |
| nrs Number of squares in source |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Device is initially off |
| vds Initial D-S voltage |
| vgs Initial G-S voltage |
| vbs Initial B-S voltage |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM2 - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| nmos Flag to indicate NMOS |
| pmos Flag to indicate PMOS |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM2 - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|vfb Flat band voltage |
|lvfb Length dependence of vfb |
|wvfb Width dependence of vfb |
|phi Strong inversion surface potential |
------------------------------------------------------------
|lphi Length dependence of phi |
|wphi Width dependence of phi |
|k1 Bulk effect coefficient 1 |
|lk1 Length dependence of k1 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|wk1 Width dependence of k1 |
|k2 Bulk effect coefficient 2 |
|lk2 Length dependence of k2 |
|wk2 Width dependence of k2 |
------------------------------------------------------------
|eta0 VDS dependence of threshold voltage at VDD=0
|leta0 Length dependence of eta0 |
|weta0 Width dependence of eta0 |
|etab VBS dependence of eta |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|letab Length dependence of etab |
|wetab Width dependence of etab |
|dl Channel length reduction in um |
|dw Channel width reduction in um |
------------------------------------------------------------
|mu0 Low-field mobility, at VDS=0 VGS=VTH |
|mu0b VBS dependence of low-field mobility |
|lmu0b Length dependence of mu0b |
|wmu0b Width dependence of mu0b |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|mus0 Mobility at VDS=VDD VGS=VTH |
|lmus0 Length dependence of mus0 |
|wmus0 Width dependence of mus |
|musb VBS dependence of mus |
------------------------------------------------------------
|lmusb Length dependence of musb |
|wmusb Width dependence of musb |
|mu20 VDS dependence of mu in tanh term |
|lmu20 Length dependence of mu20 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|wmu20 Width dependence of mu20 |
|mu2b VBS dependence of mu2 |
|lmu2b Length dependence of mu2b |
|wmu2b Width dependence of mu2b |
------------------------------------------------------------
|mu2g VGS dependence of mu2 |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM2 - model input-output parameters - continued
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| lmu2g Length dependence of mu2g |
| wmu2g Width dependence of mu2g |
| mu30 VDS dependence of mu in linear term |
| lmu30 Length dependence of mu30 |
------------------------------------------------------------
| wmu30 Width dependence of mu30 |
| mu3b VBS dependence of mu3 |
| lmu3b Length dependence of mu3b |
| wmu3b Width dependence of mu3b |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| mu3g VGS dependence of mu3 |
| lmu3g Length dependence of mu3g |
| wmu3g Width dependence of mu3g |
| mu40 VDS dependence of mu in linear term |
------------------------------------------------------------
| lmu40 Length dependence of mu40 |
| wmu40 Width dependence of mu40 |
| mu4b VBS dependence of mu4 |
| lmu4b Length dependence of mu4b |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| wmu4b Width dependence of mu4b |
| mu4g VGS dependence of mu4 |
| lmu4g Length dependence of mu4g |
| wmu4g Width dependence of mu4g |
------------------------------------------------------------
| ua0 Linear VGS dependence of mobility |
| lua0 Length dependence of ua0 |
| wua0 Width dependence of ua0 |
| uab VBS dependence of ua |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| luab Length dependence of uab |
| wuab Width dependence of uab |
| ub0 Quadratic VGS dependence of mobility |
| lub0 Length dependence of ub0 |
------------------------------------------------------------
| wub0 Width dependence of ub0 |
| ubb VBS dependence of ub |
| lubb Length dependence of ubb |
| wubb Width dependence of ubb |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| u10 VDS dependence of mobility |
| lu10 Length dependence of u10 |
wu10 Width dependence of u100 |
| u1b VBS dependence of u1 |
------------------------------------------------------------
| lu1b Length dependence of u1b |
| wu1b Width dependence of u1b |
| u1d VDS dependence of u1 |
| lu1d Length dependence of u1d |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| wu1d Width dependence of u1d |
| n0 Subthreshold slope at VDS=0 VBS=0 |
| ln0 Length dependence of n0 |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM2 - model input-output parameters - continued |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|wn0 Width dependence of n0 |
|nb VBS dependence of n |
|lnb Length dependence of nb |
|wnb Width dependence of nb |
--------------------------------------------------------------+
|nd VDS dependence of n |
|lnd Length dependence of nd |
|wnd Width dependence of nd |
|vof0 Threshold voltage offset AT VDS=0 VBS=0 |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|lvof0 Length dependence of vof0 |
|wvof0 Width dependence of vof0 |
|vofb VBS dependence of vof |
|lvofb Length dependence of vofb |
--------------------------------------------------------------+
|wvofb Width dependence of vofb |
|vofd VDS dependence of vof |
|lvofd Length dependence of vofd |
|wvofd Width dependence of vofd |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|ai0 Pre-factor of hot-electron effect. |
|lai0 Length dependence of ai0 |
|wai0 Width dependence of ai0 |
|aib VBS dependence of ai |
--------------------------------------------------------------+
|laib Length dependence of aib |
|waib Width dependence of aib |
|bi0 Exponential factor of hot-electron effect. |
|lbi0 Length dependence of bi0 |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|wbi0 Width dependence of bi0 |
|bib VBS dependence of bi |
|lbib Length dependence of bib |
|wbib Width dependence of bib |
--------------------------------------------------------------+
|vghigh Upper bound of the cubic spline function. |
|lvghigh Length dependence of vghigh |
|wvghigh Width dependence of vghigh |
|vglow Lower bound of the cubic spline function. |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|lvglow Length dependence of vglow |
|wvglow Width dependence of vglow |
|tox Gate oxide thickness in um |
|temp Temperature in degree Celcius |
--------------------------------------------------------------+
|vdd Maximum Vds |
|vgg Maximum Vgs |
|vbb Maximum Vbs |
|cgso Gate source overlap capacitance per unit |
| channel width(m) |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|cgdo Gate drain overlap capacitance |
| per unit channel width(m) |
|cgbo Gate bulk overlap capacitance |
| per unit channel length(m) |
|xpart Flag for channel charge partitioning |
| continued |
---------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
| BSIM2 - model input-output parameters |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|rsh Source drain diffusion sheet resistance |
| in ohm per square |
|js Source drain junction saturation current |
| per unit area |
|pb Source drain junction built in potential |
|mj Source drain bottom junction capacitance |
| grading coefficient |
--------------------------------------------------------------+
|pbsw Source drain side junction capacitance |
| built in potential |
|mjsw Source drain side junction capacitance |
| grading coefficient |
|cj Source drain bottom junction capacitance |
| per unit area |
|cjsw Source drain side junction capacitance |
| per unit area |
|wdf Default width of source drain diffusion in um |
|dell Length reduction of source drain diffusion |
---------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Fixed capacitor, Current controlled current source, BSIM2 Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model, Model and Device Parameters
@section Capacitor: Fixed capacitor
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Capacitor - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| capacitance Device capacitance |
| ic Initial capacitor voltage |
| w Device width |
| l Device length |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Capacitor - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| i Device current |
| p Instantaneous device power |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Capacitor - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| c Capacitor model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Capacitor - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cj Bottom Capacitance per area |
| cjsw Sidewall capacitance per meter |
| defw Default width |
| narrow width correction factor |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Current controlled current source, Linear current controlled current source, Fixed capacitor, Model and Device Parameters
@section CCCS: Current controlled current source
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| CCCS - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| gain Gain of source |
| control Name of controlling source |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| CCCS - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| neg_node Negative node of source |
| pos_node Positive node of source |
| i CCCS output current |
| v CCCS voltage at output |
| p CCCS power |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Linear current controlled current source, Current controlled ideal switch, Current controlled current source, Model and Device Parameters
@section CCVS: Linear current controlled current source
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| CCVS - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| gain Transresistance (gain) |
| control Controlling voltage source |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| CCVS - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pos_node Positive node of source |
| neg_node Negative node of source |
| i CCVS output current |
| v CCVS output voltage |
| p CCVS power |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Current controlled ideal switch, Junction Diode model, Linear current controlled current source, Model and Device Parameters
@section CSwitch: Current controlled ideal switch
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| CSwitch - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| on Initially closed |
| off Initially open |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| CSwitch - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| control Name of controlling source |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| CSwitch - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pos_node Positive node of switch |
| neg_node Negative node of switch |
| i Switch current |
| p Instantaneous power |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| CSwitch - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| csw Current controlled switch model |
| it Threshold current |
| ih Hysteresis current |
| ron Closed resistance |
| roff Open resistance |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| CSwitch - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| gon Closed conductance |
| goff Open conductance |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Junction Diode model, Inductor, Current controlled ideal switch, Model and Device Parameters
@section Diode: Junction Diode model
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Diode - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Initially off |
| temp Instance temperature |
| ic Initial device voltage |
| area Area factor |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Diode - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vd Diode voltage |
| id Diode current |
| c Diode current |
| gd Diode conductance |
------------------------------------------------------------
| cd Diode capacitance |
| charge Diode capacitor charge |
| capcur Diode capacitor current |
| p Diode power |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Diode - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| d Diode model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Diode - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| is Saturation current |
| tnom Parameter measurement temperature |
| rs Ohmic resistance |
| n Emission Coefficient |
------------------------------------------------------------
| tt Transit Time |
| cjo Junction capacitance |
| cj0 (null) |
| vj Junction potential |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| m Grading coefficient |
| eg Activation energy |
| xti Saturation current temperature exp. |
| kf flicker noise coefficient |
------------------------------------------------------------
| af flicker noise exponent |
| fc Forward bias junction fit parameter |
| bv Reverse breakdown voltage |
| ibv Current at reverse breakdown voltage |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Diode - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cond Ohmic conductance |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Inductor, Mutual inductors, Junction Diode model, Model and Device Parameters
@section Inductor: Inductors
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Inductor - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| inductance Inductance of inductor |
| ic Initial current through inductor |
------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
| Inductor - instance parameters (output-only) |
|------------------------------------------------------------+
|flux Flux through inductor |
|v Terminal voltage of inductor |
|volt |
|i Current through the inductor |
|current |
p instantaneous power dissipated by the inductor
| |
-------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Mutual inductors, Independent current source, Inductor, Model and Device Parameters
@section mutual: Mutual inductors
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| mutual - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| k Mutual inductance |
| coefficient (null) |
| inductor1 First coupled inductor |
| inductor2 Second coupled inductor |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Independent current source, Junction Field effect transistor, Mutual inductors, Model and Device Parameters
@section Isource: Independent current source
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Isource - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pulse Pulse description |
| sine Sinusoidal source description |
| sin Sinusoidal source description |
| exp Exponential source description |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pwl Piecewise linear description |
| sffm single freq. FM description |
| ac AC magnitude,phase vector |
| c Current through current source |
| distof1 f1 input for distortion |
| distof2 f2 input for distortion |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Isource - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| dc DC value of source |
| acmag AC magnitude |
| acphase AC phase |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Isource - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| neg_node Negative node of source |
| pos_node Positive node of source |
acreal AC real part
| acimag AC imaginary part |
------------------------------------------------------------
| function Function of the source |
| order Order of the source function |
| coeffs Coefficients of the source |
| v Voltage across the supply |
| p Power supplied by the source |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Junction Field effect transistor, Lossy transmission line, Independent current source, Model and Device Parameters
@section JFET: Junction Field effect transistor
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| JFET - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Device initially off |
| ic Initial VDS,VGS vector |
| area Area factor |
| ic-vds Initial D-S voltage |
| ic-vgs Initial G-S volrage |
| temp Instance temperature |
------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
| JFET - instance parameters (output-only) |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|drain-node Number of drain node |
|gate-node Number of gate node |
|source-node Number of source node |
|drain-prime-node Internal drain node |
---------------------------------------------------------------
|source-prime-nodeInternal source node |
|vgs Voltage G-S |
|vgd Voltage G-D |
|ig Current at gate node |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|id Current at drain node |
|is Source current |
|igd Current G-D |
|gm Transconductance |
---------------------------------------------------------------
|gds Conductance D-S |
|ggs Conductance G-S |
|ggd Conductance G-D |
|qgs Charge storage G-S junction |
|--------------------------------------------------------------+
|qgd Charge storage G-D junction |
cqgs Capacitance due to charge storage G-S junction
| |
cqgd Capacitance due to charge storage G-D junction
|p Power dissipated by the JFET |
---------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| JFET - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| njf N type JFET model |
| pjf P type JFET model |
| vt0 Threshold voltage |
| vto (null) |
------------------------------------------------------------
| beta Transconductance parameter |
| lambda Channel length modulation param. |
| rd Drain ohmic resistance |
| rs Source ohmic resistance |
| cgs G-S junction capacitance |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| JFET - model input-output parameters - continued
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cgd G-D junction cap |
| pb Gate junction potential |
| is Gate junction saturation current |
| fc Forward bias junction fit param. |
------------------------------------------------------------
| b Doping tail parameter |
| tnom parameter measurement temperature |
| kf Flicker Noise Coefficient |
| af Flicker Noise Exponent |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| JFET - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| type N-type or P-type JFET model |
| gd Drain conductance |
| gs Source conductance |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Lossy transmission line, GaAs MESFET model, Junction Field effect transistor, Model and Device Parameters
@section LTRA: Lossy transmission line
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| LTRA - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ic Initial condition vector:v1,i1,v2,i2 |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| LTRA - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| v1 Initial voltage at end 1 |
| v2 Initial voltage at end 2 |
| i1 Initial current at end 1 |
| i2 Initial current at end 2 |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| LTRA - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pos_node1 Positive node of end 1 of t-line |
| neg_node1 Negative node of end 1 of t.line |
| pos_node2 Positive node of end 2 of t-line |
| neg_node2 Negative node of end 2 of t-line |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| LTRA - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|ltra LTRA model |
|r Resistance per metre |
|l Inductance per metre |
|g (null) |
------------------------------------------------------------
|c Capacitance per metre |
|len length of line |
|nocontrol No timestep control |
|steplimit always limit timestep to 0.8*(delay of line)
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
| LTRA - model input-output parameters - continued |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------+
|nosteplimit don't always limit timestep to 0.8*(delay of line) |
|lininterp use linear interpolation |
|quadinterp use quadratic interpolation |
|mixedinterp use linear interpolation if quadratic results |
| look unacceptable |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|truncnr use N-R iterations for step calculation in LTRAtrunc |
|truncdontcut don't limit timestep to keep impulse response |
| calculation errors low |
|compactrel special reltol for straight line checking |
|compactabs special abstol for straight line checking |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| LTRA - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| rel Rel. rate of change of deriv. for bkpt |
| abs Abs. rate of change of deriv. for bkpt |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node GaAs MESFET model, Level 1 MOSfet model, Lossy transmission line, Model and Device Parameters
@section MES: GaAs MESFET model
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| MES - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| area Area factor |
| icvds Initial D-S voltage |
| icvgs Initial G-S voltage |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| MES - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|off Device initially off |
|dnode Number of drain node |
|gnode Number of gate node |
|snode Number of source node |
------------------------------------------------------------
|dprimenode Number of internal drain node |
|sprimenode Number of internal source node |
|vgs Gate-Source voltage |
|vgd Gate-Drain voltage |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|cg Gate capacitance |
|cd Drain capacitance |
|cgd Gate-Drain capacitance |
|gm Transconductance |
------------------------------------------------------------
|gds Drain-Source conductance |
|ggs Gate-Source conductance |
|ggd Gate-Drain conductance |
|cqgs Capacitance due to gate-source charge storage
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
|cqgd Capacitance due to gate-drain charge storage|
|qgs Gate-Source charge storage |
|qgd Gate-Drain charge storage |
|is Source current |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| MES - instance output-only parameters - continued
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| p Power dissipated by the mesfet |
-----------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| MES - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| nmf N type MESfet model |
| pmf P type MESfet model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| MES - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vt0 Pinch-off voltage |
| vto (null) |
| alpha Saturation voltage parameter |
| beta Transconductance parameter |
------------------------------------------------------------
| lambda Channel length modulation param. |
| b Doping tail extending parameter |
| rd Drain ohmic resistance |
| rs Source ohmic resistance |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cgs G-S junction capacitance |
| cgd G-D junction capacitance |
| pb Gate junction potential |
| is Junction saturation current |
------------------------------------------------------------
| fc Forward bias junction fit param. |
| kf Flicker noise coefficient |
| af Flicker noise exponent |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| MES - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| type N-type or P-type MESfet model |
| gd Drain conductance |
| gs Source conductance |
| depl_cap Depletion capacitance |
| vcrit Critical voltage |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Level 1 MOSfet model, Level 2 MOSfet model, GaAs MESFET model, Model and Device Parameters
@section Mos1: Level 1 MOSfet model with Meyer capacitance model
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos1 - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Device initially off |
| ic Vector of D-S, G-S, B-S voltages |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos1 - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| m Multiplicity
| l Length |
| w Width |
| ad Drain area |
| as Source area |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pd Drain perimeter |
| ps Source perimeter |
| nrd Drain squares |
| nrs Source squares |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| icvds Initial D-S voltage |
| icvgs Initial G-S voltage |
| icvbs Initial B-S voltage |
| temp Instance temperature |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos1 - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| id Drain current |
| is Source current |
| ig Gate current |
| ib Bulk current |
------------------------------------------------------------
| ibd B-D junction current |
| ibs B-S junction current |
| vgs Gate-Source voltage |
| vds Drain-Source voltage |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vbs Bulk-Source voltage |
| vbd Bulk-Drain voltage |
| dnode Number of the drain node |
| gnode Number of the gate node |
------------------------------------------------------------
| snode Number of the source node |
| bnode Number of the node |
| dnodeprime Number of int. drain node |
| snodeprime Number of int. source node |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| von |
| vdsat Saturation drain voltage |
| sourcevcrit Critical source voltage |
| drainvcrit Critical drain voltage |
| rs Source resistance |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos1 - instance output-only parameters - continued
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|sourceconductanceConductance of source |
|rd Drain conductance |
|drainconductance Conductance of drain |
|gm Transconductance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|gds Drain-Source conductance |
|gmb Bulk-Source transconductance |
|gmbs |
|gbd Bulk-Drain conductance |
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|gbs Bulk-Source conductance |
|cbd Bulk-Drain capacitance |
|cbs Bulk-Source capacitance |
|cgs Gate-Source capacitance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|cgd Gate-Drain capacitance |
|cgb Gate-Bulk capacitance |
|cqgs Capacitance due to gate-source charge storage
|cqgd Capacitance due to gate-drain charge storage|
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|cqgb Capacitance due to gate-bulk charge storage |
|cqbd Capacitance due to bulk-drain charge storage|
cqbs Capacitance due to bulk-source charge storage
|cbd0 Zero-Bias B-D junction capacitance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|cbdsw0 |
|cbs0 Zero-Bias B-S junction capacitance |
|cbssw0 |
|qgs Gate-Source charge storage |
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|qgd Gate-Drain charge storage |
|qgb Gate-Bulk charge storage |
|qbd Bulk-Drain charge storage |
|qbs Bulk-Source charge storage |
|p Instaneous power |
--------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos1 - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| nmos N type MOSfet model |
| pmos P type MOSfet model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos1 - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vto Threshold voltage |
| vt0 (null) |
| kp Transconductance parameter |
| gamma Bulk threshold parameter |
------------------------------------------------------------
| phi Surface potential |
| lambda Channel length modulation |
| rd Drain ohmic resistance |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos1 - model input-output parameters - continued
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| rs Source ohmic resistance |
| cbd B-D junction capacitance |
| cbs B-S junction capacitance |
| is Bulk junction sat. current |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pb Bulk junction potential |
| cgso Gate-source overlap cap. |
| cgdo Gate-drain overlap cap. |
| cgbo Gate-bulk overlap cap. |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| rsh Sheet resistance |
| cj Bottom junction cap per area |
| mj Bottom grading coefficient |
| cjsw Side junction cap per area |
------------------------------------------------------------
| mjsw Side grading coefficient |
| js Bulk jct. sat. current density |
| tox Oxide thickness |
| ld Lateral diffusion |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| u0 Surface mobility |
| uo (null) |
| fc Forward bias jct. fit param. |
| nsub Substrate doping |
------------------------------------------------------------
| tpg Gate type |
| nss Surface state density |
| tnom Parameter measurement temperature |
| kf Flicker noise coefficient |
| af Flicker noise exponent |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos1 - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| type N-channel or P-channel MOS |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Level 2 MOSfet model, Level 3 MOSfet model, Level 1 MOSfet model, Model and Device Parameters
@section Mos2: Level 2 MOSfet model with Meyer capacitance model
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos2 - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Device initially off |
| ic Vector of D-S, G-S, B-S voltages |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos2 - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| m Multiplicity |
| l Length |
| w Width |
| ad Drain area |
| as Source area |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pd Drain perimeter |
| ps Source perimeter |
| nrd Drain squares |
| nrs Source squares |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| icvds Initial D-S voltage |
| icvgs Initial G-S voltage |
| icvbs Initial B-S voltage |
| temp Instance operating temperature |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos2 - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| id Drain current |
| cd |
| ibd B-D junction current |
| ibs B-S junction current |
------------------------------------------------------------
| is Source current |
| ig Gate current |
| ib Bulk current |
| vgs Gate-Source voltage |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vds Drain-Source voltage |
| vbs Bulk-Source voltage |
| vbd Bulk-Drain voltage |
| dnode Number of drain node |
------------------------------------------------------------
| gnode Number of gate node |
| snode Number of source node |
| bnode Number of bulk node |
| dnodeprime Number of internal drain node |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| snodeprime Number of internal source node |
| von |
| vdsat Saturation drain voltage |
| sourcevcrit Critical source voltage |
| drainvcrit Critical drain voltage |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos2 - instance output-only parameters - continued
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|rs Source resistance |
|sourceconductanceSource conductance |
|rd Drain resistance |
|drainconductance Drain conductance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|gm Transconductance |
|gds Drain-Source conductance |
|gmb Bulk-Source transconductance |
|gmbs |
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|gbd Bulk-Drain conductance |
|gbs Bulk-Source conductance |
|cbd Bulk-Drain capacitance |
|cbs Bulk-Source capacitance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|cgs Gate-Source capacitance |
|cgd Gate-Drain capacitance |
|cgb Gate-Bulk capacitance |
|cbd0 Zero-Bias B-D junction capacitance |
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|cbdsw0 |
|cbs0 Zero-Bias B-S junction capacitance |
|cbssw0 |
cqgs Capacitance due to gate-source charge storage
| |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|cqgd Capacitance due to gate-drain charge storage|
|cqgb Capacitance due to gate-bulk charge storage |
|cqbd Capacitance due to bulk-drain charge storage|
|cqbs Capacitance due to bulk-source charge storage
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|qgs Gate-Source charge storage |
|qgd Gate-Drain charge storage |
|qgb Gate-Bulk charge storage |
|qbd Bulk-Drain charge storage |
|qbs Bulk-Source charge storage |
|p Instantaneous power |
--------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos2 - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| nmos N type MOSfet model |
| pmos P type MOSfet model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos2 - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vto Threshold voltage |
| vt0 (null) |
| kp Transconductance parameter |
| gamma Bulk threshold parameter |
------------------------------------------------------------
| phi Surface potential |
| lambda Channel length modulation |
| rd Drain ohmic resistance |
| rs Source ohmic resistance |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cbd B-D junction capacitance |
| cbs B-S junction capacitance |
| is Bulk junction sat. current |
| pb Bulk junction potential |
------------------------------------------------------------
| cgso Gate-source overlap cap. |
| cgdo Gate-drain overlap cap. |
| cgbo Gate-bulk overlap cap. |
| rsh Sheet resistance |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cj Bottom junction cap per area |
| mj Bottom grading coefficient |
| cjsw Side junction cap per area |
| mjsw Side grading coefficient |
------------------------------------------------------------
| js Bulk jct. sat. current density |
| tox Oxide thickness |
| ld Lateral diffusion |
| u0 Surface mobility |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| uo (null) |
| fc Forward bias jct. fit param. |
| nsub Substrate doping |
| tpg Gate type |
------------------------------------------------------------
| nss Surface state density |
| delta Width effect on threshold |
| uexp Crit. field exp for mob. deg. |
| ucrit Crit. field for mob. degradation |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vmax Maximum carrier drift velocity |
| xj Junction depth |
| neff Total channel charge coeff. |
| nfs Fast surface state density |
------------------------------------------------------------
| tnom Parameter measurement temperature |
| kf Flicker noise coefficient |
| af Flicker noise exponent |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos2 - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| type N-channel or P-channel MOS |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Level 3 MOSfet model, Level 6 MOSfet model, Level 2 MOSfet model, Model and Device Parameters
@section Mos3: Level 3 MOSfet model with Meyer capacitance model
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos3 - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Device initially off |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos3 - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| m Multiplicity |
| l Length |
| w Width |
| ad Drain area |
| as Source area |
------------------------------------------------------------+
| pd Drain perimeter |
| ps Source perimeter |
| nrd Drain squares |
| nrs Source squares |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| icvds Initial D-S voltage |
| icvgs Initial G-S voltage |
| icvbs Initial B-S voltage |
| ic Vector of D-S, G-S, B-S voltages |
| temp Instance operating temperature |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos3 - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| id Drain current |
| cd Drain current |
| ibd B-D junction current |
| ibs B-S junction current |
------------------------------------------------------------
| is Source current |
| ig Gate current |
| ib Bulk current |
| vgs Gate-Source voltage |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vds Drain-Source voltage |
| vbs Bulk-Source voltage |
| vbd Bulk-Drain voltage |
| dnode Number of drain node |
------------------------------------------------------------
| gnode Number of gate node |
| snode Number of source node |
| bnode Number of bulk node |
| dnodeprime Number of internal drain node |
| snodeprime Number of internal source node |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos3 - instance output-only parameters - continued
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|von Turn-on voltage |
|vdsat Saturation drain voltage |
|sourcevcrit Critical source voltage |
|drainvcrit Critical drain voltage |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|rs Source resistance |
|sourceconductanceSource conductance |
|rd Drain resistance |
|drainconductance Drain conductance |
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|gm Transconductance |
|gds Drain-Source conductance |
|gmb Bulk-Source transconductance |
|gmbs Bulk-Source transconductance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|gbd Bulk-Drain conductance |
|gbs Bulk-Source conductance |
|cbd Bulk-Drain capacitance |
|cbs Bulk-Source capacitance |
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|cgs Gate-Source capacitance |
|cgd Gate-Drain capacitance |
|cgb Gate-Bulk capacitance |
cqgs Capacitance due to gate-source charge storage
| |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|cqgd Capacitance due to gate-drain charge storage|
|cqgb Capacitance due to gate-bulk charge storage |
|cqbd Capacitance due to bulk-drain charge storage|
|cqbs Capacitance due to bulk-source charge storage
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|cbd0 Zero-Bias B-D junction capacitance |
|cbdsw0 Zero-Bias B-D sidewall capacitance |
|cbs0 Zero-Bias B-S junction capacitance |
|cbssw0 Zero-Bias B-S sidewall capacitance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|qbs Bulk-Source charge storage |
|qgs Gate-Source charge storage |
|qgd Gate-Drain charge storage |
|qgb Gate-Bulk charge storage |
|qbd Bulk-Drain charge storage |
|p Instantaneous power |
--------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos3 - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| nmos N type MOSfet model |
| pmos P type MOSfet model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos3 - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vto Threshold voltage |
| vt0 (null) |
| kp Transconductance parameter |
| gamma Bulk threshold parameter |
------------------------------------------------------------
| phi Surface potential |
| rd Drain ohmic resistance |
| rs Source ohmic resistance |
| cbd B-D junction capacitance |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cbs B-S junction capacitance |
| is Bulk junction sat. current |
| pb Bulk junction potential |
| cgso Gate-source overlap cap. |
------------------------------------------------------------
| cgdo Gate-drain overlap cap. |
| cgbo Gate-bulk overlap cap. |
| rsh Sheet resistance |
| cj Bottom junction cap per area |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| mj Bottom grading coefficient |
| cjsw Side junction cap per area |
| mjsw Side grading coefficient |
| js Bulk jct. sat. current density |
------------------------------------------------------------
| tox Oxide thickness |
| xl Length mask adjustment |
| wd Width Narrowing (Diffusion) |
| xw Width mask adjustment |
| ld Lateral diffusion |
| u0 Surface mobility |
| uo (null) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| fc Forward bias jct. fit param. |
| nsub Substrate doping |
| tpg Gate type |
| nss Surface state density |
------------------------------------------------------------
| vmax Maximum carrier drift velocity |
| xj Junction depth |
| nfs Fast surface state density |
| xd Depletion layer width |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| alpha Alpha |
| eta Vds dependence of threshold voltage |
| delta Width effect on threshold |
| input_delta (null) |
------------------------------------------------------------
| theta Vgs dependence on mobility |
| kappa Kappa |
| tnom Parameter measurement temperature |
| kf Flicker noise coefficient |
| af Flicker noise exponent |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos3 - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| type N-channel or P-channel MOS |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Level 6 MOSfet model, Simple linear resistor, Level 3 MOSfet model, Model and Device Parameters
@section Mos6: Level 6 MOSfet model with Meyer capacitance model
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos6 - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| off Device initially off |
| ic Vector of D-S, G-S, B-S voltages |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos6 - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| l Length |
| w Width |
| ad Drain area |
| as Source area |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pd Drain perimeter |
| ps Source perimeter |
| nrd Drain squares |
| nrs Source squares |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| icvds Initial D-S voltage |
| icvgs Initial G-S voltage |
| icvbs Initial B-S voltage |
| temp Instance temperature |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos6 - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| id Drain current |
| cd Drain current |
| is Source current |
| ig Gate current |
------------------------------------------------------------
| ib Bulk current |
| ibs B-S junction capacitance |
| ibd B-D junction capacitance |
| vgs Gate-Source voltage |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vds Drain-Source voltage |
| vbs Bulk-Source voltage |
| vbd Bulk-Drain voltage |
| dnode Number of the drain node |
------------------------------------------------------------
| gnode Number of the gate node |
| snode Number of the source node |
| bnode Number of the node |
| dnodeprime Number of int. drain node |
| snodeprime Number of int. source node |
| continued |
------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos6 - instance output-only parameters - continued
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|rs Source resistance |
|sourceconductanceSource conductance |
|rd Drain resistance |
|drainconductance Drain conductance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|von Turn-on voltage |
|vdsat Saturation drain voltage |
|sourcevcrit Critical source voltage |
|drainvcrit Critical drain voltage |
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|gmbs Bulk-Source transconductance |
|gm Transconductance |
|gds Drain-Source conductance |
|gbd Bulk-Drain conductance |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|gbs Bulk-Source conductance |
|cgs Gate-Source capacitance |
|cgd Gate-Drain capacitance |
|cgb Gate-Bulk capacitance |
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|cbd Bulk-Drain capacitance |
|cbs Bulk-Source capacitance |
|cbd0 Zero-Bias B-D junction capacitance |
|cbdsw0 |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|cbs0 Zero-Bias B-S junction capacitance |
|cbssw0 |
|cqgs Capacitance due to gate-source charge storage
|cqgd Capacitance due to gate-drain charge storage|
|-------------------------------------------------------------+
|cqgb Capacitance due to gate-bulk charge storage |
|cqbd Capacitance due to bulk-drain charge storage|
cqbs Capacitance due to bulk-source charge storage
|qgs Gate-Source charge storage |
--------------------------------------------------------------
|qgd Gate-Drain charge storage |
|qgb Gate-Bulk charge storage |
|qbd Bulk-Drain charge storage |
|qbs Bulk-Source charge storage |
|p Instantaneous power |
--------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos6 - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| nmos N type MOSfet model |
| pmos P type MOSfet model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos6 - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| vto Threshold voltage |
| vt0 (null) |
| kv Saturation voltage factor |
| nv Saturation voltage coeff. |
------------------------------------------------------------
| kc Saturation current factor |
| nc Saturation current coeff. |
| nvth Threshold voltage coeff. |
| ps Sat. current modification par. |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| gamma Bulk threshold parameter |
| gamma1 Bulk threshold parameter 1 |
| sigma Static feedback effect par. |
| phi Surface potential |
------------------------------------------------------------
| lambda Channel length modulation param. |
| lambda0 Channel length modulation param. 0 |
| lambda1 Channel length modulation param. 1 |
| rd Drain ohmic resistance |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| rs Source ohmic resistance |
| cbd B-D junction capacitance |
| cbs B-S junction capacitance |
| is Bulk junction sat. current |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pb Bulk junction potential |
| cgso Gate-source overlap cap. |
| cgdo Gate-drain overlap cap. |
| cgbo Gate-bulk overlap cap. |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| rsh Sheet resistance |
| cj Bottom junction cap per area |
| mj Bottom grading coefficient |
| cjsw Side junction cap per area |
------------------------------------------------------------
| mjsw Side grading coefficient |
| js Bulk jct. sat. current density |
| ld Lateral diffusion |
| tox Oxide thickness |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| u0 Surface mobility |
| uo (null) |
| fc Forward bias jct. fit param. |
| tpg Gate type |
------------------------------------------------------------
| nsub Substrate doping |
| nss Surface state density |
| tnom Parameter measurement temperature |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Mos6 - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| type N-channel or P-channel MOS |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Simple linear resistor, Ideal voltage controlled switch, Level 6 MOSfet model, Model and Device Parameters
@section Resistor: Simple linear resistor
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Resistor - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| resistance Resistance |
| temp Instance operating temperature |
| l Length |
| w Width |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Resistor - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| i Current |
| p Power |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Resistor - model parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| r Device is a resistor model |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Resistor - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| rsh Sheet resistance |
| narrow Narrowing of resistor |
| tc1 First order temp. coefficient |
| tc2 Second order temp. coefficient |
| defw Default device width |
| tnom Parameter measurement temperature |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Ideal voltage controlled switch, Lossless transmission line, Simple linear resistor, Model and Device Parameters
@section Switch: Ideal voltage controlled switch
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Switch - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| on Switch initially closed |
| off Switch initially open |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Switch - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pos_node Positive node of switch |
| neg_node Negative node of switch |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Switch - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| cont_p_node Positive contr. node of switch |
| cont_n_node Positive contr. node of switch |
| i Switch current |
| p Switch power |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Switch - model parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| sw Switch model |
| vt Threshold voltage |
| vh Hysteresis voltage |
| ron Resistance when closed |
| roff Resistance when open |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Switch - model parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| gon Conductance when closed |
| goff Conductance when open |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Lossless transmission line, Voltage controlled current source, Ideal voltage controlled switch, Model and Device Parameters
@section Tranline: Lossless transmission line
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Tranline - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ic Initial condition vector:v1,i1,v2,i2 |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Tranline - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| z0 Characteristic impedance |
| zo (null) |
| f Frequency |
| td Transmission delay |
------------------------------------------------------------
| nl Normalized length at frequency given |
| v1 Initial voltage at end 1 |
| v2 Initial voltage at end 2 |
| i1 Initial current at end 1 |
| i2 Initial current at end 2 |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Tranline - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| rel Rel. rate of change of deriv. for bkpt |
| abs Abs. rate of change of deriv. for bkpt |
| pos_node1 Positive node of end 1 of t. line |
| neg_node1 Negative node of end 1 of t. line |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pos_node2 Positive node of end 2 of t. line |
| neg_node2 Negative node of end 2 of t. line |
| delays Delayed values of excitation |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Voltage controlled current source, Voltage controlled voltage source, Lossless transmission line, Model and Device Parameters
@section VCCS: Voltage controlled current source
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| VCCS - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ic Initial condition of controlling source |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| VCCS - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| gain Transconductance of source (gain) |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| VCCS - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pos_node Positive node of source |
| neg_node Negative node of source |
| cont_p_node Positive node of contr. source |
| cont_n_node Negative node of contr. source |
------------------------------------------------------------
| i Output current |
| v Voltage across output |
| p Power |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Voltage controlled voltage source, Independent voltage source, Voltage controlled current source, Model and Device Parameters
@section VCVS: Voltage controlled voltage source
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| VCVS - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ic Initial condition of controlling source |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| VCVS - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| gain Voltage gain |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| VCVS - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pos_node Positive node of source |
| neg_node Negative node of source |
| cont_p_node Positive node of contr. source |
cont_n_node Negative node of contr. source
------------------------------------------------------------
| i Output current |
| v Output voltage |
| p Power |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@node Independent voltage source, , Voltage controlled voltage source, Model and Device Parameters
@section Vsource: Independent voltage source
@example
------------------------------------------------------------
| Vsource - instance parameters (input-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pulse Pulse description |
| sine Sinusoidal source description |
| sin Sinusoidal source description |
| exp Exponential source description |
------------------------------------------------------------
| pwl Piecewise linear description |
| sffm Single freq. FM description |
| ac AC magnitude, phase vector |
| distof1 f1 input for distortion |
| distof2 f2 input for distortion |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Vsource - instance parameters (input-output) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| dc D.C. source value |
| acmag A.C. Magnitude |
| acphase A.C. Phase |
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| Vsource - instance parameters (output-only) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------+
| pos_node Positive node of source |
| neg_node Negative node of source |
| function Function of the source |
| order Order of the source function |
------------------------------------------------------------
| coeffs Coefficients for the function |
| acreal AC real part |
| acimag AC imaginary part |
| i Voltage source current |
| p Instantaneous power |
------------------------------------------------------------
@end example
@chapter NGSPICE enhancements over Spice3
NGSPICE is the result of many hours of work spent in front of a
screen trying to fix and enhance the original Spice3 code. Most of
the work done affects simulation results in some way, so many users
ask why the results obtained with Spice3 differ with the ones they
get from NGSPICE.
This chapter collects all the enhancements introduced into NGSPICE
during its development, ordered by categories. For each improvement
described here, the file(s) and function(s) affected are reported
into a table, letting the experienced user to understand at what
extent such improvement affects his or her simulation.
@section Device models code
This section collects most of the enhancements made to the code
that builds up device models and device support routines. If you are
concerned about discrepancies between the results you get with
NGSPICE and the ones you got with a clean Spice3f, look here to see if
they depend on a bug that has been fixed (or a new on introduced)
@subsection Resistor Model
The NGSPICE resistor model has been enhanced adding some useful
features already present in other simulators:
@itemize @bullet
@item Different resistance value for AC analysis (Serban Popescu).
@item Device Multiplicity. The "M" parameter simulates "M" paralleled
resistors (Serban Popescu).
@item "Short" model parameter to take into account resistor shortening
due to side etching. The original spice3 implementation had only
the "narrow" parameter (Alan Gillespie).
@item "scale" instance parameter to scale the AC or DC value (Paolo
Nenzi).
@end itemize
@noindent
@table @asis
@item Authors:
Alan Gillespie, Paolo Nenzi, Serban Popescu
@item File:
@file{spicelib/dev/res/*}
@item Function:
All the functions that makes up the model.
@item Affects:
The resistor model only.
@end table
@subsection Capacitor Model
In @code{CAPask()}, the power stored in a capacitor and current
through it were not showed correctly during transient analysis.
@noindent
@table @asis
@item Author:
Alan Gillespie
@item File:
@file{spicelib/devices/cap/capask.c}
@item Function:
@code{CAPask()}
@item Affects:
The capacitor model only.
@end table
@subsection Diode (D) model fixes
In the original implementation of the diode model, the parameter
@code{DIOtBrkdwnV} was used instead of the flag @code{DIObreakdownVoltageGiven},
in the @code{DIOload()} function. In the same function the
@code{DIOjunctionPot} was used instead of the temperature corrected
version @code{DIOtJctPot}.
In the @code{DIOtemp()} function, the @code{DIOtVcrit} was calculated without
taking into account the device area. This could cause floating point
overflows, especially in device models designed to be scaled by a small area,
e.g. 2u by 2u diodes (area=4e-12).
The flawed code was:
@example
here->DIOtVcrit=vte*log(vte/(CONSTroot2*here->DIOtSatCur));
@end example
@example
here->DIOtVcrit=vte*
log(vte/(CONSTroot2*here->DIOtSatCur*here->DIOarea));
@end example
@noindent
@sc{Enhancement Data:}
@table @asis
@item Author:
Alan Gillespie
@item Files:
@file{spicelib/devices/dioload.c}
@file{spicelib/devices/diotemp.c}
@item Function:
@code{DIOload(), DIOtemp()}
@item Affects:
The pn junction diode model.
@end table
@subsection Level 1 MOS model
The Level 1 MOS model (MOS1)now accepts the "M" device
parameter (multiplicity), to simulate "M" paralleled identical
devices. The "M" parameter affects the following quantities:
@itemize @bullet
@item In the AC load routine (@code{MOS1acLoad()}), the value assigned
to the "M" (@code{MOS1m}) parameter multiplies the overlap capacitances:
@code{GateSourceOverlapCap}, @code{GateDrainOverlapCap},
@code{GateBulkOverlapCap}.
@item In the instance parameters ask routine (@code{MOS1ask()}),
the value of gate-source, gate-drain and gate-bulk capacitances,
corresponding to the parameters: @code{MOS1_CAPGS}, @code{MOS1_CAPGD},
@code{MOS1_CAPGB}, are multiplied by the value of "M".
@item In the distortion analysis setup routine (@code{MOS1dset()}),
the overlap capcitances (@code{GateSourceOverlapCap},
@code{GateDrainOverlapCap}, @code{GateBulkOverlapCap}), the saturation
currents (@code{DrainSatCurr}, @code{SourceSatCurr}), the "beta"
(@code{Beta}) and the oxide capacitance (@code{OxideCap}) are all
mutiplied by the value of "M".
@item In the main load routine (@code{MOS1load()}), the value of "M"
paramter multiplies:@code{DrainSatCurr}, @code{SourceSatCurr},
@code{GateSourceOverlapCap}, @code{GateDrainOverlapCap},
@code{GateBulkOverlapCap}, @code{Beta}, @code{OxideCap}. The meaning of
the variables have been already explained above.
@item In the noise analysis routine (in @code{MOS1noi()}), the noise
densities, contained in the @code{noizDEns[]} vector are multplied by
the value of "M".
@item In the load routine for Pole-Zero analysis, the following quantities
are multiplied by the value of "M": @code{GateSourceOverlapCap},
@code{GateDrainOverlapCap}, @code{GateBulkOverlapCap}.
@item In the device "temp" routine (in @code{MOS1temp()}) the source and
drain critical voltages (@code{MOS1sourceVcrit}, @code{MOS1drainVcrit})
are multiplied by the value of "M", like the zero-voltage bulk-drain and
bulk-source capacitances: @code{czbd}, @code{czbdsw}, @code{czbs},
@code{czbssw}, where "sw" suffix stands for "sidewall" and means perimetral
capacitsnces and the drain and sources conductances (
@code{MOS1drainConductance}. @code{MOS1sourceConductance})
@end itemize
Other minor changes for "M" parameter support includes: @code{MOS1sprt()}
prints the value of "M", @code{MOS1param()} sets the value of "M" and
@code{MOS1ask()} returns that value.
The "Gmin" implementation across the substrate diodes of MOS1 was incorrect,
correcting this dramatically improved DC convergence. The original code in
@code{MOS1load()} was:
@example
...
...
next1: if(vbs <= 0) @{
here->MOS1gbs = SourceSatCur/vt;
here->MOS1cbs = here->MOS1gbs*vbs;
here->MOS1gbs += ckt->CKTgmin;
@} else @{
evbs = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbs/vt));
here->MOS1gbs = SourceSatCur*evbs/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS1cbs = SourceSatCur * (evbs-1);
@}
if(vbd <= 0) @{
here->MOS1gbd = DrainSatCur/vt;
here->MOS1cbd = here->MOS1gbd *vbd;
here->MOS1gbd += ckt->CKTgmin;
@} else @{
evbd = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbd/vt));
here->MOS1gbd = DrainSatCur*evbd/vt +ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS1cbd = DrainSatCur *(evbd-1);
@}
...
...
@end example
and the new one is:
@example
...
...
next1: if(vbs <= -3*vt) @{
here->MOS1gbs = ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS1cbs = here->MOS1gbs*vbs-SourceSatCur;
@} else @{
evbs = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbs/vt));
here->MOS1gbs = SourceSatCur*evbs/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS1cbs = SourceSatCur*(evbs-1) + ckt->CKTgmin*vbs;
@}
if(vbd <= -3*vt) @{
here->MOS1gbd = ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS1cbd = here->MOS1gbd*vbd-DrainSatCur;
@} else @{
evbd = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbd/vt));
here->MOS1gbd = DrainSatCur*evbd/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS1cbd = DrainSatCur*(evbd-1) + ckt->CKTgmin*vbd;
@}
...
...
@end example
In the "load current vector" section of the @code{MOS1load()} routine,
"Gmin" appeared in the calculation of @code{ceqbd} and @code{ceqbs}:
@example
/*
* load current vector
*/
ceqbs = model->MOS1type *
(here->MOS1cbs-(here->MOS1gbs-ckt->CKTgmin)*vbs);
ceqbd = model->MOS1type *
(here->MOS1cbd-(here->MOS1gbd-ckt->CKTgmin)*vbd);
@end example
The code has been corrected as follows:
@example
/*
* load current vector
*/
ceqbs = model->MOS1type *
(here->MOS1cbs-(here->MOS1gbs)*vbs);
ceqbd = model->MOS1type *
(here->MOS1cbd-(here->MOS1gbd)*vbd);
@end example
MOS1 device reported only half of the Meyer capcitance without adding the
overlap capacitance contribution, when reporting to the @code{.OP} printout
or in the rawfile. The routine @code{MOS1ask()} was responsible for this:
@example
...
...
case MOS1_CGS:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgs);
return(OK);
case MOS1_CGD:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS1_CAPGS:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgs);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS1_CAPGD:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS1_CAPGB:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgb);
return(OK);
@end example
The new code is:
@example
...
...
case MOS1_CGS:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgs);
return(OK);
case MOS1_CGD:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS1_CAPGS:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgs);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue += (here->sMOS1modPtr->MOS1gateSourceOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS1m
* (here->MOS1w);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS1_CAPGD:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgd);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue += (here->sMOS1modPtr->MOS1gateSourceOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS1m
* (here->MOS1w);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS1_CAPGB:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS1capgb);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue += (here->sMOS1modPtr->MOS1gateBulkOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS1m
* (here->MOS1l
-2*(here->sMOS1modPtr->MOS1latDiff));
return(OK);
@end example
@subsection Level 2 MOS Model
Level 2 mosfet model now accetps the "M" instance parameter (multiplicity)
to simulate M paralleled identical devices. The affected quantities are:
@itemize @bullet
@item In the AC load routine (@code{MOS2acLoad()}, the value assigned
to the "M" (@code{MOS2m}) parameter, multiplies the overlap
capacitance: @code{ GateSourceOverlapCap}, @code{ GateDrainOverlapCap},
@code{ GateBulkOverlapCap}.
@item In the @code{MOS2ask()} routine (instance parameters reporting) the
gate-source, gate-drain and gate-bulk capacitances, corresponding
to @code{MOS2_CAPGS}, @code{MOS2_CAPGD}, @code{MOS2_CAPGB}
parameters, are multiplied by the value of "M".
@item In the @code{MOS2dset()} function (distortion analysis setup)
the overlap capcitances (@code{GateSourceOverlapCap},
@code{GateDrainOverlapCap}, @code{GateBulkOverlapCap}),
the saturation currents (@code{DrainSatCurr}, @code{SourceSatCurr}),
the "beta" (@code{Beta}), the oxide capacitance (@code{OxideCap})
and and the @code{xn} quantity are all mutiplied by the value
of "M".
@item In the main load routine @code{MOS2load()}, the value of "M"
parameter multiplies:@code{DrainSatCurr}, @code{SourceSatCurr},
@code{GateSourceOverlapCap}, @code{GateDrainOverlapCap},
@code{GateBulkOverlapCap}, @code{Beta}, @code{OxideCap},
@code{xn}. The meaning of the variables have been already
explained above.
@item In the noise analysis routine @code{MOS2noi()}, the noise
densities, contained in the @code{noizDEns[]} vector are
multplied by the value of "M".
@item In the load routine for Pole-Zero analysis (@code{MOS2pzLoad()}),
the following quantities are multiplied by the value of "M":
@code{GateSourceOverlapCap}, @code{GateDrainOverlapCap},
@code{GateBulkOverlapCap}.
@item In @code{MOS2temp()} routine the source and drain critical
voltages (@code{MOS2sourceVcrit}, @code{MOS2drainVcrit})
are multiplied by the value of "M", like the zero-voltage
bulk-drain and bulk-source capacitances: @code{czbd},
@code{czbdsw}, @code{czbs}, @code{czbssw}, where "sw" suffix
stands for "sidewall" and means perimetral capacitances and
the drain and sources conductances (@code{MOS2drainConductance},
@code{MOS2sourceConductance}).
@end itemize
Other minor changes for "M" parameter support includes: @code{MOS2sprt()}
prints the value of "M", @code{MOS2param()} sets the value of "M" and
@code{MOS2ask()} returns that value.
The "Gmin" implementation across the substrate diodes of MOS2 was incorrect,
correcting this dramatically improved DC convergence. The original code in
@code{MOS2load()} was:
@example
...
...
/* bulk-source and bulk-drain diodes
* here we just evaluate the ideal diode current and the
* corresponding derivative (conductance).
*/
next1: if(vbs <= 0) @{
here->MOS2gbs = SourceSatCur/vt;
here->MOS2cbs = here->MOS2gbs*vbs;
here->MOS2gbs += ckt->CKTgmin;
@} else @{
evbs = exp(vbs/vt);
here->MOS2gbs = SourceSatCur*evbs/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS2cbs = SourceSatCur * (evbs-1);
@}
if(vbd <= 0) @{
here->MOS2gbd = DrainSatCur/vt;
here->MOS2cbd = here->MOS2gbd *vbd;
here->MOS2gbd += ckt->CKTgmin;
@} else @{
evbd = exp(vbd/vt);
here->MOS2gbd = DrainSatCur*evbd/vt +ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS2cbd = DrainSatCur *(evbd-1);
@}
...
...
@end example
Then new code is:
@example
...
...
/* bulk-source and bulk-drain diodes
* here we just evaluate the ideal diode current and the
* corresponding derivative (conductance).
*/
next1: if(vbs <= -3*vt) @{
here->MOS2gbs = ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS2cbs = here->MOS2gbs*vbs-SourceSatCur;
@} else @{
evbs = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbs/vt));
here->MOS2gbs = SourceSatCur*evbs/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS2cbs = SourceSatCur*(evbs-1) + ckt->CKTgmin*vbs;
@}
if(vbd <= -3*vt) @{
here->MOS2gbd = ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS2cbd = here->MOS2gbd*vbd-DrainSatCur;
@} else @{
evbd = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbd/vt));
here->MOS2gbd = DrainSatCur*evbd/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS2cbd = DrainSatCur*(evbd-1) + ckt->CKTgmin*vbd;
@}
@end example
In the "load current vector" section of the @code{MOS2load()} routine,
"Gmin" appeared in the calculation of @code{ceqbd} and @code{ceqbs}:
@example
...
...
/*
* load current vector
*/
ceqbs = model->MOS2type *
(here->MOS2cbs-(here->MOS2gbs-ckt->CKTgmin)*vbs);
ceqbd = model->MOS2type *
(here->MOS2cbd-(here->MOS2gbd-ckt->CKTgmin)*vbd);
...
...
@end example
The correct code is:
@example
...
...
/*
* load current vector
*/
ceqbs = model->MOS2type *
(here->MOS2cbs-(here->MOS2gbs)*vbs);
ceqbd = model->MOS2type *
(here->MOS2cbd-(here->MOS2gbd)*vbd);
...
...
@end example
MOS2 device reported only half of the Meyer capacitance without adding the
overlap capacitance contribution, when reporting to the @code{.OP} printout
or in the rawfile. The routine @code{MOS2ask()} was responsible for this:
@example
...
...
case MOS2_CGS:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgs);
return(OK);
case MOS2_CGD:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS2_CAPGS:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgs);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS2_CAPGD:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS2_CAPGB:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgb);
return(OK);
...
...
@end example
The new code is:
@example
...
...
case MOS2_CGS:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgs);
return(OK);
case MOS2_CGD:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS2_CAPGS:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgs);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue +=
(here->MOS2modPtr->MOS2gateSourceOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS2m
* (here->MOS2w);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS2_CAPGD:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgd);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue +=
(here->MOS2modPtr->MOS2gateSourceOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS2m
* (here->MOS2w);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS2_CAPGB:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS2capgb);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue +=
(here->MOS2modPtr->MOS2gateBulkOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS2m
* (here->MOS2l
-2*(here->MOS2modPtr->MOS2latDiff));
return(OK);
...
...
@end example
The level 2 MOSFET model seems to calculate Von and Vth values for the
threshold and subthreshold values respectively, but then uses Vbin to
calculate the Vdsat voltage used to find the drain current. However, a
jump statement uses Von to decide that the device is in the "cutoff"
region, which means that when this jump allows the drain current to be
calculated, Vdsat can already be well above zero. This leads to a
discontinuity of drain current with respect to gate voltage. The code
is now modified to use Vbin for the jump decision. It looks like the
code should actually use Vth as the threshold voltage, but since other
SPICE simulators follow the original Berkeley code, this was
left alone. The affected code can be found in @code{MOS2load()}:
@example
...
...
if ((lvds-lvbs) >= 0) @{
barg = sqrt(phiMinVbs+lvds);
dbrgdb = -0.5/barg;
...
...
vgst = lvgs-von;
if (lvgs <= von) @{
/*
* cutoff region
*/
...
...
if (lvgs > von) goto line900;
/*
* subthreshold region
*/
...
...
@end example
and the corrected code is:
@example
...
...
if ((lvbs-lvds) <= 0) @{
barg = sqrt(phiMinVbs+lvds);
dbrgdb = -0.5/barg;
...
...
vgst = lvgs-von;
if (lvgs <= vbin) @{
/*
* cutoff region
*/
...
...
if (model->MOS2fastSurfaceStateDensity != 0
&& OxideCap != 0) @{
if (lvgs > von) goto line900;
@} else @{
if (lvgs > vbin) goto line900;
goto doneval;
@}
/*
* subthreshold region
*/
...
...
@end example
@subsection Level 3 Mos Model
The level 3 model has been extensively corrected since it is a
de-facto standard for circuit simulation.
The level 3 model supports the "M" parameter (multiplicity), which
can be used to simulate M identical paralleled devices. The "M"
parameter affects the quantities described in the following list:
@itemize @bullet
@item In the AC load routine (@code{MOS3acld()}, the value assigned
to the "M" (@code{MOS3m}) parameter, multiplies the overlap
capacitance: @code{ GateSourceOverlapCap}, @code{ GateDrainOverlapCap},
@code{ GateBulkOverlapCap}.
@item In the @code{MOS3ask()} function (instance parameters reporting) the
gate-source, gate-drain and gate-bulk capacitances, corresponding
to @code{MOS3_CAPGS}, @code{MOS3_CAPGD}, @code{MOS3_CAPGB}
parameters, are multiplied by the value of "M".
@item In the @code{MOS3dset()} function (distorsion analysis setup)
the overlap capcitances (@code{GateSourceOverlapCap},
@code{GateDrainOverlapCap}, @code{GateBulkOverlapCap}),
the saturation currents (@code{DrainSatCurr}, @code{SourceSatCurr}),
the "beta" (@code{Beta}), the oxide capacitance (@code{OxideCap})
and and the @code{csonco} quantity are all mutiplied by the value
of "M".
@item In the main load routine @code{MOS3load()}, the value of "M"
parameter multiplies:@code{DrainSatCurr}, @code{SourceSatCurr},
@code{GateSourceOverlapCap}, @code{GateDrainOverlapCap},
@code{GateBulkOverlapCap}, @code{Beta}, @code{OxideCap},
@code{csonco}. The meaning of the variables have been already
explained above.
@item In the noise analysis routine @code{MOS3noi()}, the noise
densities, contained in the @code{noizDEns[]} vector are
multplied by the value of "M".
@item In the load routine for Pole-Zero analysis (@code{MOS3pzLoad()}),
the following quantities are multiplied by the value of "M":
@code{GateSourceOverlapCap}, @code{GateDrainOverlapCap},
@code{GateBulkOverlapCap}.
@item In @code{MOS3temp()} routine the source and drain critical
voltages (@code{MOS3sourceVcrit}, @code{MOS3drainVcrit})
are multiplied by the value of "M", like the zero-voltage
bulk-drain and bulk-source capacitances: @code{czbd},
@code{czbdsw}, @code{czbs}, @code{czbssw}, where "sw" suffix
stands for "sidewall" and means perimetral capacitances and
the drain and sources conductances (@code{MOS3drainConductance},
@code{MOS3sourceConductance}).
@end itemize
Other minor changes for "M" parameter support includes: @code{MOS3sprt()}
prints the value of "M", @code{MOS3param()} sets the value of "M" and
@code{MOS3ask()} returns that value.
Another important improvement over the original Spice3 code is the
support for process narrowing over drawn dimensions. The three model
parameters added to level 3 model are: @code{xl}, @code{wd}, @code{xw}.
The changes in the code are described in depth as a reference for
future model development.
Adding new model parameters usually need the introduction of new
variables (one for each parameter) in the model structure:
@code{sMOS3model}, which can be found in @file{mos3defs.h}. In this
case the new variables are:
@example
...
...
double MOS3lengthAdjust; /* New param: mask adjustment to length */
double MOS3widthNarrow; /* New param to reduce effective width */
double MOS3widthAdjust; /* New param: mask adjustment to width */
...
...
unsigned MOS3lengthAdjustGiven :1;
unsigned MOS3widthNarrowGiven :1;
unsigned MOS3widthAdjustGiven :1;
...
...
#define MOS3_MOD_XL 145
#define MOS3_MOD_WD 146
#define MOS3_MOD_XW 147
...
...
@end example
The single bit field that ends in "Given" are used to indicate
whether the parameter has been supplied by the user or must be
defaulted.
The last three @code{#define} are needed as a mean to identify the
parameters throughout the model, since comparing integers is faster
than comparing stings. As you may have already imagined, those
numbers must be unique. The association between parameter name and
numerical code appears in @code{MOS3mPTable[]} in @file{mos3.c}:
@example
...
...
IFparm MOS3mPTable[] = @{ /* model parameters */
OP("type", MOS3_MOD_TYPE, IF_STRING ,"N-channel or P-channel MOS"),
IP("nmos", MOS3_MOD_NMOS, IF_FLAG ,"N type MOSfet model"),
IP("pmos", MOS3_MOD_PMOS, IF_FLAG ,"P type MOSfet model"),
...
...
IOP("xl", MOS3_MOD_XL, IF_REAL ,"Length mask adjustment"),
IOP("wd", MOS3_MOD_WD, IF_REAL ,"Width Narrowing (Diffusion)"),
IOP("xw", MOS3_MOD_XW, IF_REAL ,"Width mask adjustment"),
...
...
@end example
The keyword @code{IOP} before the three parameters sets them as
input/output parameters (that can be set and queried). The function
used to set parameters values is @code{MOS3mParam()}, which contains
the following code:
@example
...
...
case MOS3_MOD_XL:
model->MOS3lengthAdjust = value->rValue;
model->MOS3lengthAdjustGiven = TRUE;
break;
case MOS3_MOD_WD:
model->MOS3widthNarrow = value->rValue;
model->MOS3widthNarrowGiven = TRUE;
break;
case MOS3_MOD_XW:
model->MOS3widthAdjust = value->rValue;
model->MOS3widthAdjustGiven = TRUE;
break;
...
...
@end example
The function used to query those parameters is @code{MOS3mAsk()} and
the specific code is:
@example
...
...
case MOS3_MOD_XL:
value->rValue = here->MOS3lengthAdjust;
return(OK);
case MOS3_MOD_WD:
value->rValue = here->MOS3widthNarrow;
return(OK);
case MOS3_MOD_XW:
value->rValue = here->MOS3widthAdjust;
return(OK);
...
...
@end example
The code above describes the interface to the new parameters, their
influence on the model behaviour is contained in the following
functions: @code{MOS3acLoad()}, @code{MOS3load()}, @code{MOS3noise()},
@code{MOS3pzLoad()}, @code{MOS3setup()}, @code{MOS3sLoad()} and
@code{MOS3temp()}.
The @code{MOS3acLoad()} function contains the code used to represent
the model for AC (small signal) analysis. The original code was:
@example
...
...
EffectiveLength=here->MOS3l - 2*model->MOS3latDiff;
GateSourceOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateSourceOverlapCapFactor *
here->MOS3w;
GateDrainOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateDrainOverlapCapFactor *
here->MOS3w;
GateBulkOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateBulkOverlapCapFactor *
EffectiveLength;
...
...
@end example
And the new one:
@example
...
...
double EffectiveWidth;
...
...
EffectiveWidth = here->MOS3w - 2*model->MOS3widthNarrow
+ model->MOS3widthAdjust;
EffectiveLength = here->MOS3l - 2*model->MOS3latDiff
+ model->MOS3lengthAdjust;
GateSourceOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateSourceOverlapCapFactor *
here->MOS3m * EffectiveWidth;
GateDrainOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateDrainOverlapCapFactor *
here->MOS3m * EffectiveWidth;
GateBulkOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateBulkOverlapCapFactor *
here->MOS3m * EffectiveLength;
...
...
@end example
A brief look at the new code shows that a new variable
@code{EffectiveWidth} appears and its value depends on the
newly introduced parameters @code{wd} and @code{xw}, through
@code{MOS3widthNarrow} and @code{MOS3widthAdjust}, respectively.
The values of @code{EffectiveLength} is trimmed with the value of
@code{xl} through @code{MOS3lengthAdjust}. The overlap capacitances
are multiplied by @code{EffectiveWidth} instead of @code{MOS3w}. The
@code{MOS3m} value has been discussed above.
The @code{MOS3pzLoad()} function is very similar to @code{MOS3acLoad()}
and the code affected is almost identical to the one above.
The @code{MOS3load()} function describes the model for large signals
analyses. The old code is:
@example
...
...
EffectiveLength = here->MOS3l - 2*model->MOS3latDiff;
if( (here->MOS3tSatCurDens == 0)
|| (here->MOS3drainArea == 0)
|| (here->MOS3sourceArea == 0)) @{
DrainSatCur = here->MOS3tSatCur;
SourceSatCur = here->MOS3tSatCur;
@} else @{
DrainSatCur = here->MOS3tSatCurDens *
here->MOS3drainArea;
SourceSatCur = here->MOS3tSatCurDens *
here->MOS3sourceArea;
@}
GateSourceOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateSourceOverlapCapFactor
* here->MOS3w;
GateDrainOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateDrainOverlapCapFactor
* here->MOS3w;
GateBulkOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateBulkOverlapCapFactor
* EffectiveLength;
Beta = here->MOS3tTransconductance * here->MOS3w/EffectiveLength;
OxideCap = model->MOS3oxideCapFactor * EffectiveLength
* here->MOS3w;
...
...
/*
*.....body effect
*/
gammas = model->MOS3gamma*fshort;
fbodys = 0.5*gammas/(sqphbs+sqphbs);
fbody = fbodys+model->MOS3narrowFactor/here->MOS3w;
onfbdy = 1.0/(1.0+fbody);
dfbdvb = -fbodys*dsqdvb/sqphbs+fbodys*dfsdvb/fshort;
qbonco =gammas*sqphbs+model->MOS3narrowFactor*phibs/here->MOS3w;
dqbdvb = gammas*dsqdvb+model->MOS3gamma*dfsdvb*sqphbs-
model->MOS3narrowFactor/here->MOS3w;
...
...
/*
*.....joint weak inversion and strong inversion
*/
von = vth;
if ( model->MOS3fastSurfaceStateDensity != 0.0 ) @{
csonco = CHARGE*model->MOS3fastSurfaceStateDensity
* 1e4 /*(cm**2/m**2)*/
* EffectiveLength*here->MOS3w/OxideCap;
...
...
@end example
And the new code is:
@example
...
...
double EffectiveWidth;
...
...
EffectiveWidth = here->MOS3w - 2*model->MOS3widthNarrow
+ model->MOS3widthAdjust;
EffectiveLength = here->MOS3l - 2*model->MOS3latDiff
+ model->MOS3lengthAdjust;
if( (here->MOS3tSatCurDens == 0)
|| (here->MOS3drainArea == 0)
|| (here->MOS3sourceArea == 0)) @{
DrainSatCur = here->MOS3m * here->MOS3tSatCur;
SourceSatCur = here->MOS3m * here->MOS3tSatCur;
@} else @{
DrainSatCur = here->MOS3m * here->MOS3tSatCurDens
* here->MOS3drainArea;
SourceSatCur = here->MOS3m * here->MOS3tSatCurDens
* here->MOS3sourceArea;
@}
GateSourceOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateSourceOverlapCapFactor
* here->MOS3m * EffectiveWidth;
GateDrainOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateDrainOverlapCapFactor
* here->MOS3m * EffectiveWidth;
GateBulkOverlapCap = model->MOS3gateBulkOverlapCapFactor
* here->MOS3m * EffectiveLength;
Beta = here->MOS3tTransconductance
* here->MOS3m * EffectiveWidth/EffectiveLength;
OxideCap = model->MOS3oxideCapFactor * EffectiveLength
* here->MOS3m * EffectiveWidth;
...
...
/*
*.....body effect
*/
gammas = model->MOS3gamma*fshort;
fbodys = 0.5*gammas/(sqphbs+sqphbs);
fbody = fbodys+model->MOS3narrowFactor/EffectiveWidth;
onfbdy = 1.0/(1.0+fbody);
dfbdvb = -fbodys*dsqdvb/sqphbs+fbodys*dfsdvb/fshort;
qbonco = gammas*sqphbs+model->MOS3narrowFactor
* phibs/EffectiveWidth;
dqbdvb = gammas*dsqdvb+model->MOS3gamma*dfsdvb*sqphbs
- model->MOS3narrowFactor/EffectiveWidth;
...
...
/*
*.....joint weak inversion and strong inversion
*/
von = vth;
if ( model->MOS3fastSurfaceStateDensity != 0.0 ) @{
csonco = CHARGE * model->MOS3fastSurfaceStateDensity *
1e4 /*(cm**2/m**2)*/
* EffectiveLength*EffectiveWidth
* here->MOS3m/OxideCap;
...
...
@end example
The "trick" is to substitute the @code{MOS3w} with the effective
width taking into account device multiplicity. Another point
where device width matters is the noise routine:@code{MOS3noise()}.
The oginal code computes noise densities as follows:
@example
...
...
noizDens[MOS3FLNOIZ] *= model->MOS3fNcoef *
exp(model->MOS3fNexp *
log(MAX(FABS(inst->MOS3cd),N_MINLOG))) /
(data->freq * inst->MOS3w *
(inst->MOS3l - 2*model->MOS3latDiff) *
model->MOS3oxideCapFactor * model->MOS3oxideCapFactor);
...
...
@end example
The new code adds width narrowing and and multiplicity:
@example
...
...
noizDens[MOS3FLNOIZ] *= model->MOS3fNcoef *
exp(model->MOS3fNexp *
log(MAX(FABS(inst->MOS3cd),N_MINLOG))) /
(data->freq *
(inst->MOS3w - 2*model->MOS3widthNarrow) *
inst->MOS3m *
(inst->MOS3l - 2*model->MOS3latDiff) *
model->MOS3oxideCapFactor * model->MOS3oxideCapFactor);
...
...
@end example
Another place in the code that needs changes is the device setup
routine @code{MOS3setup()}. The followig code adds support for
the new parameters:
@example
...
...
if(!model->MOS3lengthAdjustGiven) @{
model->MOS3lengthAdjust = 0;
@}
if(!model->MOS3widthNarrowGiven) @{
model->MOS3widthNarrow = 0;
@}
if(!model->MOS3widthAdjustGiven) @{
model->MOS3widthAdjust = 0;
@}
...
...
@end example
This code sets up the default values when the parameters are not
supplied by the user (since they are optional).
Another function modified to support the new parameters is the
@code{MOS3temp()}. The old code is:
@example
if(here->MOS3l - 2 * model->MOS3latDiff <=0) @{
SPfrontEnd->IFerror (ERR_FATAL,
"%s: effective channel length less than zero",
&(here->MOS3name));
return(E_BADPARM);
@}
@end example
And the new one:
@example
...
...
if(here->MOS3l - 2 * model->MOS3latDiff +
model->MOS3lengthAdjust <1e-6) @{
SPfrontEnd->IFerror (ERR_FATAL,
"%s: effective channel length less than zero",
&(here->MOS3name));
return(E_PARMVAL);
@}
if(here->MOS3w - 2 * model->MOS3widthNarrow +
model->MOS3widthAdjust <1e-6) @{
SPfrontEnd->IFerror (ERR_FATAL,
"%s: effective channel width less than zero",
&(here->MOS3name));
return(E_PARMVAL);
@}
...
...
@end example
The changes add a check over device width that was not present in the
original code and rise an error if the result is less than one micrometer,
while the old code checked against zero.
The last (but not least) function that needed some care is the
sensitivity load routine: @code{MOS3sLoad()}. The original code was:
@example
...
...
EffectiveLength = here->MOS3l
- 2*model->MOS3latDiff;
if(EffectiveLength == 0) @{
DqgsDp = 0;
DqgdDp = 0;
DqgbDp = 0;
@}
else @{
DqgsDp = model->MOS3type * qgs0 / EffectiveLength;
DqgdDp = model->MOS3type * qgd0 / EffectiveLength;
DqgbDp = model->MOS3type * qgb0 / EffectiveLength;
@}
@}
else @{
DqgsDp = model->MOS3type * qgs0 / here->MOS3w;
DqgdDp = model->MOS3type * qgd0 / here->MOS3w;
DqgbDp = model->MOS3type * qgb0 / here->MOS3w;
@}
...
...
@end example
And the modified code is:
@example
...
...
double EffectiveWidth;
...
...
EffectiveLength = here->MOS3l
- 2*model->MOS3latDiff + model->MOS3lengthAdjust;
if(EffectiveLength == 0) @{
DqgsDp = 0;
DqgdDp = 0;
DqgbDp = 0;
@}
else @{
DqgsDp = model->MOS3type * qgs0 / EffectiveLength;
DqgdDp = model->MOS3type * qgd0 / EffectiveLength;
DqgbDp = model->MOS3type * qgb0 / EffectiveLength;
@}
@}
else @{
EffectiveWidth = here->MOS3w
- 2*model->MOS3widthNarrow + model->MOS3widthAdjust;
DqgsDp = model->MOS3type * qgs0 / EffectiveWidth;
DqgdDp = model->MOS3type * qgd0 / EffectiveWidth;
DqgbDp = model->MOS3type * qgb0 / EffectiveWidth;
@}
...
...
@end example
There was an error in the original implementation that did not take into
account lateral diffusion @code{MOS3LatDiff}. The other changes take
into account the effective (against drawn) device width.
That's all folks! The changes needed to support the new parameters
are (shortly and badly) described. This section on MOS3 continues with
other fixes.
MOS3 device reported only half of the Meyer capacitance without adding the
overlap capacitance contribution, when reporting to the @code{.OP} printout
or in the rawfile. The routine @code{MOS3ask()} was responsible for this:
@example
...
...
case MOS3_CGS:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgs);
return(OK);
case MOS3_CGD:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS3_CAPGS:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgs);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS3_CAPGD:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS3_CAPGB:
value->rValue = *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgb);
return(OK);
...
...
@end example
The new code is:
@example
...
...
case MOS3_CGS:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgs);
return(OK);
case MOS3_CGD:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgd);
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS3_CAPGS:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgs);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue +=
(here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3gateSourceOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS3m
* (here->MOS3w
+here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3widthAdjust
-2*(here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3widthNarrow));
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS3_CAPGD:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgd);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue +=
(here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3gateDrainOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS3m
* (here->MOS3w
+here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3widthAdjust
-2*(here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3widthNarrow));
return(OK);
...
...
case MOS3_CAPGB:
value->rValue = 2* *(ckt->CKTstate0 + here->MOS3capgb);
/* add overlap capacitance */
value->rValue +=
(here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3gateBulkOverlapCapFactor)
* here->MOS3m
* (here->MOS3l
+here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3lengthAdjust
-2*(here->MOS3modPtr->MOS3latDiff));
return(OK);
...
...
@end example
The "Gmin" implementation across the substrate diodes of MOS3 was incorrect,
correcting this dramatically improved DC convergence. The original code in
@code{MOS3load()} was:
@example
/*
* bulk-source and bulk-drain diodes
* here we just evaluate the ideal diode current and the
* corresponding derivative (conductance).
*/
next1: if(vbs <= 0) @{
here->MOS3gbs = SourceSatCur/vt;
here->MOS3cbs = here->MOS3gbs*vbs;
here->MOS3gbs += ckt->CKTgmin;
@} else @{
evbs = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbs/vt));
here->MOS3gbs = SourceSatCur*evbs/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS3cbs = SourceSatCur * (evbs-1);
@}
if(vbd <= 0) @{
here->MOS3gbd = DrainSatCur/vt;
here->MOS3cbd = here->MOS3gbd *vbd;
here->MOS3gbd += ckt->CKTgmin;
@} else @{
evbd = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbd/vt));
here->MOS3gbd = DrainSatCur*evbd/vt +ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS3cbd = DrainSatCur *(evbd-1);
@}
@end example
The new corrected code is:
@example
/*
* bulk-source and bulk-drain diodes
* here we just evaluate the ideal diode current and the
* corresponding derivative (conductance).
*/
next1: if(vbs <= -3*vt) @{
here->MOS3gbs = ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS3cbs = here->MOS3gbs*vbs-SourceSatCur;
@} else @{
evbs = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbs/vt));
here->MOS3gbs = SourceSatCur*evbs/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS3cbs = SourceSatCur*(evbs-1) + ckt->CKTgmin*vbs;
@}
if(vbd <= -3*vt) @{
here->MOS3gbd = ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS3cbd = here->MOS3gbd*vbd-DrainSatCur;
@} else @{
evbd = exp(MIN(MAX_EXP_ARG,vbd/vt));
here->MOS3gbd = DrainSatCur*evbd/vt + ckt->CKTgmin;
here->MOS3cbd = DrainSatCur*(evbd-1) + ckt->CKTgmin*vbd;
@}
@end example
In the "load current vector" section of the @code{MOS3load()} routine,
"Gmin" appeared in the calculation of @code{ceqbd} and @code{ceqbs}:
@example
/*
* load current vector
*/
ceqbs = model->MOS3type *
(here->MOS3cbs-(here->MOS3gbs-ckt->CKTgmin)*vbs);
ceqbd = model->MOS3type *
(here->MOS3cbd-(here->MOS3gbd-ckt->CKTgmin)*vbd);
@end example
The new code is:
@example
/*
* load current vector
*/
ceqbs = model->MOS3type *
(here->MOS3cbs-(here->MOS3gbs)*vbs);
ceqbd = model->MOS3type *
(here->MOS3cbd-(here->MOS3gbd)*vbd);
@end example
The gm, gmb and gs calculations in them MOS3 model (in @code{MOD3load()}
were all wrong:
@example
...
...
/*
*.....normalized drain current
*/
cdnorm = cdo*vdsx;
here->MOS3gm = vdsx;
here->MOS3gds = vgsx-vth-(1.0+fbody+dvtdvd)*vdsx;
here->MOS3gmbs = dcodvb*vdsx;
/*
*.....drain current without velocity saturation effect
*/
cd1 = Beta*cdnorm;
Beta = Beta*fgate;
cdrain = Beta*cdnorm;
here->MOS3gm = Beta*here->MOS3gm+dfgdvg*cd1;
here->MOS3gds = Beta*here->MOS3gds+dfgdvd*cd1;
here->MOS3gmbs = Beta*here->MOS3gmbs;
...
...
cdrain = cdrain*xlfact;
diddl = cdrain/(EffectiveLength-delxl);
here->MOS3gm = here->MOS3gm*xlfact+diddl*ddldvg;
gds0 = here->MOS3gds*xlfact+diddl*ddldvd;
here->MOS3gmbs = here->MOS3gmbs*xlfact+diddl*ddldvb;
here->MOS3gm = here->MOS3gm+gds0*dvsdvg;
here->MOS3gmbs = here->MOS3gmbs+gds0*dvsdvb;
here->MOS3gds = gds0*dvsdvd+diddl*dldvd;
...
...
@end example
The code has been corrected as follows leading to much improved
convergence:
@example
...
...
/*
*.....normalized drain current
*/
cdnorm = cdo*vdsx;
here->MOS3gm = vdsx;
if ((here->MOS3mode*vds) > vdsat) here->MOS3gds = -dvtdvd*vdsx;
else here->MOS3gds = vgsx-vth-(1.0+fbody+dvtdvd)*vdsx;
here->MOS3gmbs = dcodvb*vdsx;
/*
*.....drain current without velocity saturation effect
*/
cd1 = Beta*cdnorm;
Beta = Beta*fgate;
cdrain = Beta*cdnorm;
here->MOS3gm = Beta*here->MOS3gm+dfgdvg*cd1;
here->MOS3gds = Beta*here->MOS3gds+dfgdvd*cd1;
here->MOS3gmbs = Beta*here->MOS3gmbs+dfgdvb*cd1;
...
...
cd1 = cdrain;
cdrain = cdrain*xlfact;
diddl = cdrain/(EffectiveLength-delxl);
here->MOS3gm = here->MOS3gm*xlfact+diddl*ddldvg;
here->MOS3gmbs = here->MOS3gmbs*xlfact+diddl*ddldvb;
gds0 = diddl*ddldvd;
here->MOS3gm = here->MOS3gm+gds0*dvsdvg;
here->MOS3gmbs = here->MOS3gmbs+gds0*dvsdvb;
here->MOS3gds = here->MOS3gds*xlfact+diddl*dldvd+gds0*dvsdvd;
/*
here->MOS3gds = (here->MOS3gds*xlfact)+gds0*dvsdvd-
(cd1*ddldvd/(EffectiveLength*(1-2*dlonxl+dlonxl*dlonxl)));
*/
...
...
@end example
The Spice3 "fix" for the MOS3 gds discontinuity between the linear
and saturated regions works only if VMAX parameter is set to a
non-zero value. A tweak has been added for the zero case. The Spice3
code (in @code{MOS3load()}) was:
@example
...
...
/*
*.....velocity saturation factor
*/
if ( model->MOS3maxDriftVel != 0.0 ) @{
fdrain = 1.0/(1.0+vdsx*onvdsc);
fd2 = fdrain*fdrain;
arga = fd2*vdsx*onvdsc*onfg;
dfddvg = -dfgdvg*arga;
dfddvd = -dfgdvd*arga-fd2*onvdsc;
dfddvb = -dfgdvb*arga;
...
...
@end example
The code in NGSPICE is:
@example
...
...
/*
*.....velocity saturation factor
*/
if ( model->MOS3maxDriftVel > 0.0 ) @{
fdrain = 1.0/(1.0+vdsx*onvdsc);
fd2 = fdrain*fdrain;
arga = fd2*vdsx*onvdsc*onfg;
dfddvg = -dfgdvg*arga;
if ((here->MOS3mode*vds) > vdsat) dfddvd = -dfgdvd*arga;
else dfddvd = -dfgdvd*arga-fd2*onvdsc;
dfddvb = -dfgdvb*arga;
...
...
@end example
The critical voltages in @code{MOS3Temp()} were calculated without
using temperature corrected saturation current:
@example
...
...
vt*log(vt/(CONSTroot2*model->MOS3jctSatCur));
@} else @{
here->MOS3drainVcrit =
vt * log( vt / (CONSTroot2 *
model->MOS3jctSatCurDensity * here->MOS3drainArea));
here->MOS3sourceVcrit =
vt * log( vt / (CONSTroot2 *
model->MOS3jctSatCurDensity * here->MOS3sourceArea));
@}
...
...
@end example
This have been fixed as follows:
@example
...
...
vt*log(vt/(CONSTroot2*here->MOS3m*here->MOS3tSatCur));
@} else @{
here->MOS3drainVcrit =
vt * log( vt / (CONSTroot2 *
here->MOS3m *
here->MOS3tSatCurDens * here->MOS3drainArea));
here->MOS3sourceVcrit =
vt * log( vt / (CONSTroot2 *
here->MOS3m *
here->MOS3tSatCurDens * here->MOS3sourceArea));
@}
...
...
@end example
In @code{MOS3temp()} some parameters were computed without taking
into account temperature corrected parameters:
@example
...
...
here->MOS3f3d = czbd * model->MOS3bulkJctBotGradingCoeff
* sarg/ arg / model->MOS3bulkJctPotential
+ czbdsw * model->MOS3bulkJctSideGradingCoeff
* sargsw/ arg /model->MOS3bulkJctPotential;
here->MOS3f4d = czbd*model->MOS3bulkJctPotential*(1-arg*sarg)/
(1-model->MOS3bulkJctBotGradingCoeff)
+ czbdsw*model->MOS3bulkJctPotential*(1-arg*sargsw)/
(1-model->MOS3bulkJctSideGradingCoeff)
-here->MOS3f3d/2*
(here->MOS3tDepCap*here->MOS3tDepCap)
-here->MOS3tDepCap * here->MOS3f2d;
if(model->MOS3capBSGiven) @{
czbs=here->MOS3tCbs;
@} else @{
if(model->MOS3bulkCapFactorGiven) @{
czbs=here->MOS3tCj*here->MOS3sourceArea;
@} else @{
czbs=0;
@}
@}
...
...
here->MOS3f3s = czbs * model->MOS3bulkJctBotGradingCoeff
* sarg/ arg / model->MOS3bulkJctPotential
+ czbssw * model->MOS3bulkJctSideGradingCoeff
* sargsw/ arg / model->MOS3bulkJctPotential;
here->MOS3f4s = czbs*model->MOS3bulkJctPotential*(1-arg*sarg)/
(1-model->MOS3bulkJctBotGradingCoeff)
+ czbssw*model->MOS3bulkJctPotential*(1-arg*sargsw)/
(1-model->MOS3bulkJctSideGradingCoeff)
-here->MOS3f3s/2*
(here->MOS3tBulkPot*here->MOS3tBulkPot)
-here->MOS3tBulkPot * here->MOS3f2s;
@}
@}
...
...
@end example
The corrected code is:
@example
...
...
here->MOS3f3d = czbd * model->MOS3bulkJctBotGradingCoeff
* sarg/ arg / here->MOS3tBulkPot
+ czbdsw * model->MOS3bulkJctSideGradingCoeff
* sargsw/ arg / here->MOS3tBulkPot;
here->MOS3f4d = czbd*here->MOS3tBulkPot*(1-arg*sarg)/
(1-model->MOS3bulkJctBotGradingCoeff)
+ czbdsw*here->MOS3tBulkPot*(1-arg*sargsw)/
(1-model->MOS3bulkJctSideGradingCoeff)
-here->MOS3f3d/2*
(here->MOS3tDepCap*here->MOS3tDepCap)
-here->MOS3tDepCap * here->MOS3f2d;
if(model->MOS3capBSGiven) @{
czbs = here->MOS3tCbs * here->MOS3m;
@} else @{
if(model->MOS3bulkCapFactorGiven) @{
czbs=here->MOS3tCj*here->MOS3sourceArea * here->MOS3m;
@} else @{
czbs=0;
@}
@}
...
...
here->MOS3f3s = czbs * model->MOS3bulkJctBotGradingCoeff
* sarg/ arg / here->MOS3tBulkPot
+ czbssw * model->MOS3bulkJctSideGradingCoeff
* sargsw/ arg /here->MOS3tBulkPot;
here->MOS3f4s = czbs*here->MOS3tBulkPot*(1-arg*sarg)/
(1-model->MOS3bulkJctBotGradingCoeff)
+ czbssw*here->MOS3tBulkPot*(1-arg*sargsw)/
(1-model->MOS3bulkJctSideGradingCoeff)
-here->MOS3f3s/2*
(here->MOS3tDepCap*here->MOS3tDepCap)
-here->MOS3tDepCap * here->MOS3f2s;
@}
@}
@end example
@subsection switch model
@subsection current switch model
@subsection boh
@subsection PN diode voltage limiting
Spice3f voltage limiting across PN junctions did not perform limiting
on negative voltages, resulting in convergence problems. In NGSPICE
voltage limiting for PN diodes have been modified to work for negative
voltages too, improving convergence on calculations that rely on this
code.
@noindent
@sc{Enhancement Data:}
@table @asis
@item Author:
Alan Gillespie
@item File:
@file{spicelib/devices/devsup.c}
@item Function:
@code{DEVpnjlim()}
@item Affects:
All devices model that uses that function: @code{BJT1-2}, @code{BSIM3-4},
@code{DIO}, @code{EKV}, @code{HFET2}, @code{JFET1-2}, @code{MES},
@code{MESA}, @code{MOS1-9}.
@end table
@subsection FET voltage limiting
In NGSPICE the calculation of @var{vtstlo} is done according to the formula:
@example
vtstlo = fabs(vold - vto) + 1;
@end example
While in spice3f the formula was:
@example
vtstlo = vtsthi/2 + 2;
@end example
@noindent
@sc{Enhancement Data:}
@table @asis
@item Author:
Alan Gillespie
@item File:
@file{spicelib/devices/devsup.c}
@item Function:
@code{DEVfetlim()}
@item Affects:
All devices model that uses that function: @code{BSIM1-4},@code{HFET1-2},
@code{JFET1-2}, @code{MES}, @code{MESA}, @code{MOS1-9}, @code{STAG}, @code{EKV}.
@end table
@subsection Meyer model improvement
The calculation of active gate capacitance in @file{devsup.c} has been improved
to achieve better convergence.
@noindent
@sc{Enhacement Data:}
@table @asis
@item Author:
Alan Gillespie
@item File:
@file{spicelib/devices/devsup.c}
@item Function:
@code{DEVqmeyer()}
@item Affects:
All devices model that uses that function: @code{MOS1-9}.
@end table
@chapter The BSIM3 Model Integration
BSIM3 compact model is a de-facto standard in the circuit simulation world
and is extensively supported in the NGSPICE simulator. The original model
dates back to the end of 1995. After almost ten years, three major revisions
have been released by the Berkeley Device Group. NGSPICE supports all BSIM3
model revisions.
We dedicated an entire chapter to the BSIM3 model since the procedure
followed to integrate it into NGSPICE equally applies to other models
from Berkeley's Device Group like BSIM4 and BSIMSOI. Most of the content
of this chapter is devoted to the latest release of BSIM3 available at the
time of writing: version 3.2 and its minor revisions 3.2.2, 3.2.3 and 3.2.4.
It is trivial to apply the same concepts to the older ones (3.0 and 3.1).
The BSIM3 integration into NGSPICE is the result of the merging of three
different sources: the original Berkeley's code and two enhanced version, one
supplied by Alan Gillespie and the other by Serban Popescu. Both Alan and
Serban enhanced the basic model adding multiplicity support, though using two
different approaches. Serban added another enhancement, the "hdif" parameter.
NGSPICE provides Berkeley's, Alan's and Serban's models, using Alan's approach
fot multiplicity support in Berkeley's code.
@section BSIM3 Revisions
As previously said, due to the importance of BSIM3, NGSPICE includes all
its revisions. We have decide to assign different levels only to major
revisions and use the "version" model parameter to switch among minors.
The only exceptions to this rule are Serban's and Alan's model, they are
a special kind of BSIM3 version 3.1 and they are kept separate from the
Berkeley's model.
NGSPICE has five different levels for BSIM3:
@multitable @columnfractions .30 .30 .10 .30
@item Major Revision @tab Minor Revisions @tab Level @tab Notes
@item BSIM3v3.2 @tab 3.2, 3.2.2, 3.2.3, 3.2.4 @tab 8 @tab The latest release
@item BSIM3v1S @tab 3.1 @tab 49 @tab Serban's code
@item BSIM3v1 @tab 3.1 @tab 50 @tab Berkeley's code
@item BSIM3v1A @tab 3.1 @tab 51 @tab Alan's code
@item BSIM3v0 @tab 3.0 @tab 52 @tab Berkeley's code
@end multitable
As you may see from the table above, level 8, the one officially assigned
by Berkeley Device Group,is reserved to the most recent major revision of
the code. All BSIM3 models support the "m" parameter (multiplicity) but
only Serban's one has the support for "hdif".
@section The integration process
This section briefly describes how we integrated the BSIM3 model into
NGSPICE. The integration process of BSIM3 model started with the download
of the original code from Berkeley web site (device group). We devoted much
of the work on release 3.2 and backported changes to the older ones. Our
work on the BSIM model can be summarized in the following points:
@itemize @bullet
@item Restructuring code for spice3f interface.
@item Adding minor releases switches (where necessary).
@item Adding support for parallel simulation (CIDER).
@item Adding support for "m" parameter.
@item Restructuring code for NGSPICE integration.
@end itemize
The first item is a necessary step for older models, since the device
interface changed between spice3e (the original interface for BSIM3 model)
and spice3f and NGSPICE device interface is based on spice3f. Changes consists
is a shift in the position of @code{BSIM3states} in @file{bsim3def.h} and in
the addition of the @code{BSIM3unsetup()} function in @file{b3set.c}.
The next step is the inclusion of runtime switches to select code for the
different minor revisions that a release can have (well, this is necessary
only for release 3.2).
The result of the two steps is a multirevision BSIM3 model with a spice3f4/5
interface. Now we are ready to make the necessary enhancements and the changes
for integrating the model into NGSPICE.
The third and fourth items in the list are the model enhancements: the
"parallel simulation support" is a feature inherited from the CIDER simulator
(built on top of NGSPICE) that allow the simulator to use multiple processor
elements to evaluate device code (making the simulation faster). The parallel
simulation is not yet enabled in NGSPICE, but it will probably in the future. The
"parallelization" code basically consists in a series of switches that skip device
evaluation code if local processor (machine) has not been assigned to that
particular device instance.
Device "multiplicity" is a feature often found in commercial simulators, used to
simulate many identical devices connected in parallel. This feature is important
because reduces the number of nodes and equations in a circuit and makes the
netlist more readable.
Now we are ready to restructure the code to make it compatible with the NGSPICE
device interface, which is an extended version of the spice3f4/5 one.
@section The multirevision code
BSIM3 release 3.2 has three minor revisions: 3.2.2, 3.2.3 and 3.2.4. Reserving a
different level for each is not a good solution, it will be a waste of space and
memory. The four (including 3.2) revisions differs for a few lines of code only,
so the ideai is to merge the code and isolate revision dependent parts with
runtime switches (the @code{switch} statement). The modifications needed are minimal,
but some work is needed to avoid slow comparison between strings.
As written before, the magic of revision selection is done via the "version" model
parameter, which appears on the model card. In BSIM3 version 3.2 this parameter
is a floating point value, since earlier releases were 3.0 and 3.1 and was easy to
code revision into a real number. With the release of 3.2.2 it changed to a string,
for obvious reasons (3.2.2 is not a real number). Since the "version" parameter was
used only for model checking, that was not a problem. In the multirevision model,
comparisons based on it appears in the device evaluation code, where speed is critical,
so we added a parameter @code{BSIM3intVersion}, defined in @file{bsim3def.h} as follows:
@example
...
...
char *BSIM3version;
/* The following field is an integer coding
* of BSIM3version.
*/
int BSIM3intVersion;
#define BSIM3V324 324 /* BSIM3 V3.2.4 */
#define BSIM3V323 323 /* BSIM3 V3.2.3 */
#define BSIM3V322 322 /* BSIM3 V3.2.2 */
#define BSIM3V32 32 /* BSIM3 V3.2 */
#define BSIM3V3OLD 0 /* Old model */
double BSIM3tox;
...
...
@end example
The @code{BSIM3intVersion} will be used as argument to the @code{switch} statement,
because integer comparison is faster than string's one. The correct value of the
parameter is assigned in @code{BSIM3setup()} by the code below:
@example
...
...
/* If the user does not provide the model revision,
* we always choose the most recent.
*/
if (!model->BSIM3versionGiven)
model->BSIM3version = "3.2.4";
/* I have added below the code that translate model string
* into an integer. This trick is meant to speed up the
* revision testing instruction, since comparing integer
* is faster than comparing strings.
* Paolo Nenzi 2002
*/
if (!strcmp (model->BSIM3version, "3.2.4"))
model->BSIM3intVersion = BSIM3V324;
else if (!strcmp (model->BSIM3version, "3.2.3"))
model->BSIM3intVersion = BSIM3V323;
else if (!strcmp (model->BSIM3version, "3.2.2"))
model->BSIM3intVersion = BSIM3V322;
else if (!strcmp (model->BSIM3version, "3.2"))
model->BSIM3intVersion = BSIM3V32;
else
model->BSIM3intVersion = BSIM3V3OLD;
/* BSIM3V3OLD is a placeholder for pre 3.2 revision
* This model should not be used for pre 3.2 models.
*/
...
...
@end example
When we need to switch the code we use a @code{switch} statement
like the following:
@example
/* Added revision dependent code */
switch (model->BSIM3intVersion)
@{
case BSIM3V324:
/* BSIM3v3.2.4 specific code */
break;
case BSIM3V323:
/* BSIM3v3.2.3 specific code */
break;
case BSIM3V322:
/* BSIM3v3.2.2 specific code */
break;
case BSIM3V32:
/* BSIM3v3.2 specific code */
break;
default:
/* Old code */
@}
@end example
The differences between minor revision fall in two categories: modification in
the evaluation code and bug fixes. The idea followed in the merging was to
leave out of the revision dependent code what was a mere bug fix.
@section Device Multiplicity
Spice3 (and thus NGSPICE) uses an approach called MNA (Modified Nodal Analysis)
to solve electrical circuits. MNA represents an electrical circuits using a
matrix containing devices' conductances and constraint equations (if you
need to know more, get a good book on circuit theory). This matrix is built
by summing the contribution of each instance (another name for "element") in
the circuit. The contribution of each instance to the circuit matrix is called
a "matrix stamp", which is itself a matrix containing non zero elements only
at positions occupied by the device. It is very important to understand that
row and column index of the stamp must be consistent with the overall
circuit matrix, the elements of the stamp have the same indexes they will
have in the circuit matrix. Note that all stamps are each other independent,
and this property can be exploited to add parallelization to the simulator
(this is not new, CIDER uses this method).
All the code in the model (every spice3 model) is needed to build the matrix
stamp for that particular instance of the device and for the analysis type
requested.
If we add many (let's say "m") device in parallel, "m" identical stamp are
added to the circuit matrix. When we write "identical" we mean that the
stamps contain identical values but at different locations. Each device has
"external" and "internal" nodes, the former are connected to devices' terminals
and the latter are internal to the device. It should be clear that nodes
corresponding to terminals must have the same node number and the same indexes
in the matrix, since devices appear in parallel, while other must be different
because those nodes are private to each instance.
If we want to simulate "m" identical devices in parallel with a single instance,
its stamp must have an impact to the overall circuit matrix equal to the
"superposition" of the single instances' "m" stamps. The term "superposition" is
used instead of "sum" since we are interested in the external behaviour of the
parallel, not in its internals. The matrix stamp of the "multiple" device is a
stamp of a single device whose conductances are "adjusted" to represent the
parallel situation. Doing this we discard the internal complexity of the
single instance while leaving intact the influence of the parallel to the
circuit. Reducing the complexity affects simulation speed, which is increased
because there are less equations (not useful to our purposes) to solve and
imposes less stress to simulator algorithms, resulting in less convergence
problems.
We may say that a "multiple" device is an external representation of
many identical device connected in parallel.
There are basically two approaches to build the equivalent stamp, both based
on scaling the conductances of the model by the multiplicity value (the number
of device to connect in parallel). The first approach (used in NGSPICE BSIM3)
scales the conductances in the matrix stamp, when it is loaded into the overall
matrix, and the other one scales the conductances in the entire model code. Both
approaches have advantages and drawbacks, let's examine some of them.
The first approach, i.e. scaling the conductances at loading time, is
advantageous because the stamp "loading" code is easy to spot and because
the modification consists simply in multiplying each line by the multiplicity
factor "m". Another advantage is that this approach does not require a full
analysis of the device code to isolate the variables (they may be currents,
resistances, etc., not only conductances) that need to be scaled. The
most important drawback is that the evaluation code does not know anything
about "multiplicity" and then all internal computations are made for the
"single" device. To correct this, without interfering with the evaluation
code, you need to correct the routine that exports internal values (it is
the so called DEVask, where DEV is a placeholder for device's name).
The second approach, i.e. scaling the variables in the evaluation code, does
not have the drawback of the previous one but require a full code analysis
which, in turn, means more time to complete.
@subsection Adding the "m" parameter
The multiplicity parameter is an instance parameter. The first step is to
modify the code adding space for it in the various structures. The structure
@code{BSIM3instance} in @code{bsim3def.h} needs an entry for the new parameter,
its "given" flag and a numerical ID for the entry in the @code{BSIM3pTable}:
@example
...
...
double BSIM3w;
double BSIM3m;
double BSIM3drainArea;
...
...
unsigned BSIM3wGiven :1;
unsigned BSIM3mGiven :1;
unsigned BSIM3drainAreaGiven :1;
...
...
#define BSIM3_L 2
#define BSIM3_M 15
#define BSIM3_AS 3
...
...
@end example
The @code{BSIM3pTable} structure in @file{b3.c} needs an entry too:
@example
...
...
IOP( "w", BSIM3_W, IF_REAL , "Width"),
IOP( "m", BSIM3_M, IF_REAL , "Parallel multiplier"),
IOP( "ad", BSIM3_AD, IF_REAL , "Drain area"),
...
...
@end example
Once the entries are created, it is necessary to set up the bureaucracy needed
to set and query the new parameter. In the setup routine @code{BSIM3setup()} the
following code should be added:
@example
if (!here->BSIM3mGiven)
here->BSIM3m = 1;
@end example
This states that if multiplicity is not given in the netlist, it must be defaulted
to one. To set the "given" flag the following code should be added to @code{BSIM3param()}:
@example
case BSIM3_M:
here->BSIM3m = value->rValue;
here->BSIM3mGiven = TRUE;
break;
@end example
The last modification nedeed by model bureaucracy must be done in @code{BSIM3ask()}.
The following code should be added:
@example
case BSIM3_M:
value->rValue = here->BSIM3m;
return(OK);
@end example
Now the model is ready to set, query, default and use the new parameter. As discussed
before, this model use the "first" approach, thus only matrix loading code is affected
by the new parameter. In the @code{BSIM3load} routine the "Load Current Vector" and
"Load Y Matrix" section should become:
@example
...
...
(*(ckt->CKTrhs + here->BSIM3gNode) -= m*ceqqg);
(*(ckt->CKTrhs + here->BSIM3bNode) -= m*(ceqbs + ceqbd + ceqqb));
(*(ckt->CKTrhs + here->BSIM3dNodePrime) +=m*(ceqbd - cdreq - ceqqd));
(*(ckt->CKTrhs + here->BSIM3sNodePrime) += m*(cdreq + ceqbs + ceqqg
+ ceqqb + ceqqd));
if (here->BSIM3nqsMod)
*(ckt->CKTrhs + here->BSIM3qNode) += m*(cqcheq - cqdef);
/*
* load y matrix
*/
T1 = qdef * here->BSIM3gtau;
(*(here->BSIM3DdPtr) += m*here->BSIM3drainConductance);
(*(here->BSIM3GgPtr) += m*(gcggb - ggtg));
...
...
*(here->BSIM3QspPtr) += m*(ggts - gcqsb);
*(here->BSIM3QbPtr) += m*(ggtb - gcqbb);
...
...
@end example
The "load y matrix" is not completely shown, each line is multiplied by "m". The
same method has been applied to @code{BSIM3acLoad()} routine:
@example
...
...
m = here->BSIM3m;
*(here->BSIM3GgPtr +1) += m * xcggb;
*(here->BSIM3BbPtr +1) -= M * (xcbgb + xcbdb + xcbsb);
...
...
*(here->BSIM3QspPtr) += m * xgts;
*(here->BSIM3QbPtr) += m * xgtb;
@}
...
...
@end example
The pole-zero analysis uses a load routine (@code{BSIM3pzLoad()}) very similar to the
one used by the AC analysis:
@example
...
...
m = here->BSIM3m;
*(here->BSIM3GgPtr) += m * (xcggb * s->real);
*(here->BSIM3GgPtr + 1) += m * (xcggb * s->imag);
...
...
*(here->BSIM3QbPtr) += m * xgtb;
*(here->BSIM3QspPtr) += m * xgts;
@}
...
...
@end example
The noise analysis needs special attention, since it does not directly uses a
matrix load routine. In this case was necessary to study the noise models
used by BSIM3 and to scale the parameters affected by multiplicity. The following
parameters were multiplied by the value of @code{BSIM3m}: @code{BSIM3cd} (drain
current), @code{BSIM3weff} (effective width), @code{BSIM3drainConductance},
@code{BSIM3sourceConductance}, @code{BSIM3gm} (transconductance), @code{BSIM3gds}
(drain to source conductance), @code{BSIM3gmbs} (body source transconductance),
@code{BSIM3qinv} (charge in the channel).
In 3.2.4 BSIM3 revision, a bugfix introduced the @code{BSIM3rds} (drain to source
resistance) parameter. Since this is a resistance it has been divided by the
value of @code{BSIM3m}.
Now that we dealt with analyses code, the last piece of code to modify is
the @code{BSIM3ask()} routine. Again we have to identify what parameters need
to be scaled and multiply them by the multiplicity. If you look at the code
you will clearly see the affected parameters.
@section BSIM3 TNOM patch
All BSIM3 models, when implemented into Spice3f (NGSPICE), shows a bug that
affects simulations when the modelcard contains the TNOM keyword. If you
run consecutive times a netlist without reloading the deck, you will get
different answers with each run. Mike Smith discovered that the bug
hides in the functions @code{BSIM3mparam()} and @code{BSIM3setup()}. The
solutions (as extracted from Mike's post to @url{comp.lsi.cad}):
@example
In b3mpar.c look for the following code:-
case BSIM3_MOD_TNOM :
mod->BSIM3tnom = value->rValue;
mod->BSIM3tnomGiven = TRUE;
break;
Change the second line so the code reads:-
case BSIM3_MOD_TNOM :
mod->BSIM3tnom = value->rValue + 273.15;
mod->BSIM3tnomGiven = TRUE;
break;
In b3set.c, look for the following code:-
if (!model->BSIM3tnomGiven)
model->BSIM3tnom = ckt->CKTnomTemp;
else
model->BSIM3tnom = model->BSIM3tnom + 273.15;
Delete the second and third lines to read:-
if (!model->BSIM3tnomGiven)
model->BSIM3tnom = ckt->CKTnomTemp;
@end example
@section References for BSIM3 model
BSIM3 model is developed by the UC Berkeley Device Group, which maintains
a web site at the URL: @url{http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/} for all
the model they develop.
@itemize @bullet
@item BSIM3 home page: @*
@url{http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsim3/latenews.html}
@item BSIM3 introduction: @*
@url{http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsim3/intro.html}
@item BSIM3 contact page: @*
@url{http://www-device.eecs.berkeley.edu/~bsim3/contact.html}
@end itemize
@chapter EKV Model
da scrivere
@bye
ngspice-24/doc/ChangeLog 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000004543 11712022254 016134 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre 2005-08-15 Steven Borley
* Fixed missing parenthesis around CLEANFILES and DISTCLEANFILES in
Makefile.am as reported by David Fang
* Fixed the section in ngspice.texi where the use of @/ in a @url{} was
giving problems. Actually this whole section on the Windows port is now
out-of-date, and date link was broken, so I have replaced it with something
more appropriate. thank you to Stuart Brorson for reporting these problems.
2005-08-14 Steven Borley
* Fixed the problems of the AUTHORS file not being found by adding its
directory to the search paths for makeinfo and for texi2dvi in Makefile.am
* Fixed the warning caused by @strong{Note:} in ngspice.texti - used the
@quotation Note style as given in the texinfo user manual section 10.2
* Added an @include version.texi in the header of the ngspice.texi file.
This causes automake to create the necessary files and allow the use of
@value(VERSION) in the ngspice.texi. The .cvsignore file has been adjusted
to take account of the generated files.
* Used @copying and @insertcopying for the copyright text in ngspice.texi
and modified the file's structure a little. It now more closely follows the
simple example given in the texinfo user manual.
* Fixed some of the 'overfull' error generated by TeX when processing
ngspice.texi - many more still present.
* removed non-ASCII characters from ngspice.texi. this needed a work-round
for the degrees symbol - used @math{^o}
* Added ngsspice.pdf as an output file of make dist
2001-12-05 Emmanuel Rouat
* ngspice.texi: changed (most) references of spice3 to ngspice.
2001-12-04 Emmanuel Rouat
* ngspice.texi: corrected a few bugs, and made some chapters readable.
2000-05-22 Paolo Nenzi
* ngspice.texi: Added text for u2 function and for resistance ac
paramter.
1999-09-06 Arno Peters
* ngspice.texi: Added TeX equivalents for some formula.
First tables converted to texinfo format.
1999-08-31 Emmanuel Rouat
* Makefile.am: added .texi file by Arno Peters - a distribution will now
include a postscript doc.
updated 'clean' rules
ngspice-24/README.adms 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000050734 11712022254 015423 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre ***************************************************************************
* DISCLAIMER *
* *
* The admst code generators, part of adms and this document are released *
* under LGPL license terms. *
* *
* Copyright (C) 2006 Freescale Inc. *
* *
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or *
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public *
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either *
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. *
* *
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU *
* Lesser General Public License for more details. *
* *
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public *
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software *
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA *
* 02110-1301 USA *
***************************************************************************
INTRODUCTION
In this document we will provide a guideline on how to auto-generate the
ready-to compile C code for the ngspice API of a compact device model
defined in the Verilog-AMS language.
Condition:
To compile Verilog-AMS compact models into ngspice-ready C models with
admsXml a copy of the latest adms distribution is needed. You get it from
the adms Download page http://mot-adms.sourceforge.net as a source code
package. (Also use of cvs version is possible, but needs some more effort.)
Version:
This guideline has been tested on Windows-XP under cygwin using:
$ admsXml -v
[usage]
[info] elapsed time: 0
[info] admst iterations: 0 (0 freed)
Goal:
In this guideline we will add device model hicum0 to ngspice
using the Verilog-AMS source code available at:
http://www.iee.et.tu-dresden.de/~schroter/Hicum_PD/Hicumna/hicumL0V1p11.va
Limitations:
The adms ngspice interface supports a limited set of Verilog-AMS language
constructs. See the home page of adms (http://mot-adms.sourceforge.net/)
for more info.
Feel free to contribute to the adms ngspice interface so that more
constructs can be supported.
01- ngspice Files
Ngspice does not (yet) have support for loading models at run time, every
model must be included at compile time. Then, adding a new model into
ngspice is a process that cannot be completely automated. Some files need
to be edited by hand.
01.01 What ngspice need to know of a new model ?
First you have to assign your new model a "device type". As you probably
know, ngspice recognizes the type of a device by the first letter in
device's name in the netlists ("r" for resistors, "q" for BJT, "m" for
mosfets and so on). Then the first thing you have to find is the correct
type for your new device (let's call this device_type).
Since there can be more than one model for each device type, another
parameter you have to set is the device_level, which must be unique
for each device type.
Once you have found the (device_type, device_level) couple you have
identified the files you have to edit:
/configure.ac
Here you have to add the entries in adms section for your new directory
and library.
/src/spicelib/parser/inp2.c
Substitute with the letter corresponding to the
type of you new model. Here you have to add the interface code for your
new device. In the case of hicum (a BJT model and thus a "q" device type)
you have to edit inp2q.c
/src/spicelib/parser/inpdomod.c
Here you have to add a switch for the level of your new device.
/src/spicelib/devices/dev.c
Follow the structure of the files and add information on your new
model. In dev.c you have to adjust some macro.
See existing examples to make the modifications for your own implementation.
is the path to the ngspice source installation.
For instance can be /tools/ng-spice-rework-17
Please see appendix 01 about spice3-flavoured flags.
02- adms Files
List of files that adms needs to create the ready-to-compile C code:
/src/spicelib/devices/adms/admst/ngspice*.xml
adms creates the ready-to-compile C code from a set of admst code
generators. admst is a subset of the XML language which has been created
specifically for the purpose of C code generation. The syntax of admst is
very close to the XSLT language (it includes some extensions.)
03- Create the data file structure
Create the following directories if they do not already exist:
-a /src/spicelib/devices/adms/hicum0
-b /src/spicelib/devices/adms/hicum0/admsva
There is no convention on the way to choice the last directory name in -a.
However in -b 'admsva' is mandatory.
04- Save the Verilog-AMS source code
Save the source code of hicum0 from
http://www.iee.et.tu-dresden.de/~schroter/Hicum_PD/Hicumna/hicumL0V1p11.va
to:
/src/spicelib/devices/adms/hicum0/admsva/hic0_full.va
NOTE: the name of the Verilog-AMS file that contains the 'module' declaration
should match the name of the module in the file.
For instance in file hic0_full.va you will find the following declaration:
...
module hic0_full (c,b,e,s);
...
05- Create file 'Makefile.am'
In directory ..../hicum0 run the following command in order to create file 'Makefile.am':
$ admsXml admsva/hic0_full.va -Iadmsva -e ../admst/ngspiceMakefile.am.xml
[info] admsXml-2.1.3 Feb 2 2006 19:01:39
[warning] [admsva\hic0_full.va:30]: standard vams file created (not found in -I path) ... 'constants.h'
[warning] [admsva\hic0_full.va:31]: standard vams file created (not found in -I path) ... 'discipline.h'
[info] Makefile.am: file created
[info] elapsed time: 1.0624
[info] admst iterations: 185425 (185425 freed)
After this step file 'Makefile.am' is created:
$ head Makefile.am
##
## Interface:
## created by: admsXml-2.1.3 - Monday, 01/30/06
## Process this file with automake to produce Makefile.in
ADMSXMLINTERFACE:=../admst
adms:
admsXml.exe -Iadmsva admsva/hic0_full.va \
06- Update/Create the auto-tools files (configure, Makefile.in, Makefile)
06.01 Manual changes
In directory edit file configure.ac, add new device 'hicum0'
(use the name of the directory - not the name of the module):
$ grep hicum0 configure.ac
src/spicelib/devices/adms/hicum0/Makefile \
In directory /src/spicelib/devices edit file Makefile.am, add new device 'hicum0':
$ grep hicum0 Makefile.am
adms/hicum0 \
adms/hicum0 \
06.02 Makefile.in
In directory run the shell command 'automake':
File 'Makefile.in' is created in directory /src/spicelib/devices/hicum0.
In directory /src/spicelib/devices/hicum0 you should have:
$ ls
Makefile.am Makefile.in admsva constants.h discipline.h
06.03 Update file 'configure'
In directory run the shell command 'autoconf':
File 'configure' is updated.
Edit the file to make sure that "adms/hicum0/Makefile" is present in the file.
06.04 Makefile
In directory run shell command 'configure':
$ configure
...
config.status: creating src/spicelib/devices/adms/hicum0/Makefile
...
File 'Makefile' is created in directory /src/spicelib/devices/hicum0.
In directory /src/spicelib/devices/hicum0 you should have:
$ ls
Makefile Makefile.am Makefile.in admsva constants.h discipline.h
07- Create the ready-to-compile auto-generated C code of device hicum0
In directory ..../hicum0 run the following command in order to create the auto-generated C code:
$ make adms
admsXml.exe -Iadmsva admsva/hic0_full.va \
-e ../admst/ngspiceVersion.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMakefile.am.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEitf.h.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEinit.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEinit.h.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEext.h.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEdefs.h.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEask.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEmask.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEpar.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEmpar.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEload.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEacld.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEtemp.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEsetup.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULEguesstopology.c.xml \
-e ../admst/ngspiceMODULE.c.xml
[info] admsXml-2.1.3 Feb 2 2006 19:01:39
[info] Makefile.am: file created
[info] hic0_fullitf.h: file created
[info] hic0_fullinit.c: file created
[info] hic0_fullinit.h: file created
[info] hic0_fullext.h: file created
[info] hic0_fulldefs.h: file created
[info] hic0_fullask.c: file created
[info] hic0_fullmask.c: file created
[info] hic0_fullpar.c: file created
[info] hic0_fullmpar.c: file created
[info] noise contribution not implemented - ignored!
[info] noise contribution not implemented - ignored!
[info] noise contribution not implemented - ignored!
[info] noise contribution not implemented - ignored!
[info] noise contribution not implemented - ignored!
[info] noise contribution not implemented - ignored!
[info] hic0_fullload.c: file created
[info] hic0_fullacld.c: file created
[info] hic0_fulltemp.c: file created
[info] hic0_fullsetup.c: file created
[info] hic0_fullguesstopology.c: file created
[info] hic0_full.c: file created
[info] elapsed time: 5.43757
[info] admst iterations: 1099640 (1099640 freed)
perl -p -i -e 's/IOP\("(\w+)"/IOP("\L\1"/' hic0_full.c
In directory /src/spicelib/devices/hicum0 you should have:
$ ls
Makefile constants.h hic0_fullacld.c hic0_fullguesstopology.c hic0_fullload.c hic0_fullsetup.c
Makefile.am discipline.h hic0_fullask.c hic0_fullinit.c hic0_fullmask.c hic0_fulltemp.c
Makefile.in hic0_full.c hic0_fulldefs.h hic0_fullinit.h hic0_fullmpar.c
admsva hic0_fullext.h hic0_fullitf.h hic0_fullpar.c
08- Compile the ready-to-compile auto-generated C code
In directory ..../hicum0 run the following command in order to create the object files*.o and libhic0_full.a:
$ make CFLAGS="-g"
if gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I../../../../.. -I../../../../../src/include -g -MT hic0_full.o
-MD -MP -MF ".ds/hic0_full.Tpo" -c -o hic0_full.o hic0_full.c; \
then mv -f ".deps/hic0_full.Tpo" ".deps/hic0_full.Po"; else rm -f ".deps/hic0_full.Tpo"; exit 1; fi
...
ar cru libhic0_full.a hic0_full.o hic0_fullacld.o hic0_fullask.o hic0_fullguesstopology.o hic0_fullinit.o
hic0_fullload.o hic0_fullmask.o hic0_fullmpar.o hic0_fullpar.o hic0_fullsetup.o hic0_fulltemp.o
ranlib libhic0_full.a
WARNING: at the compilation step some messages about '#warning conflict' will be printed.
They mean that some ngspice reserved keywords have been used in the Verilog-AMS.
Just ignore them in the case of hicum0.
In directory /src/spicelib/devices/hicum0 you should have:
$ ls
Makefile hic0_full.c hic0_fullask.o hic0_fullinit.h hic0_fullmask.o hic0_fullsetup.o
Makefile.am hic0_fulldefs.h hic0_fullinit.o hic0_fullmpar.c hic0_fulltemp.c
Makefile.in hic0_full.o hic0_fullext.h hic0_fullitf.h hic0_fullmpar.o hic0_fulltemp.o
admsva hic0_fullacld.c hic0_fullguesstopology.c hic0_fullload.c hic0_fullpar.c libhic0_full.a
constants.h hic0_fullacld.o hic0_fullguesstopology.o hic0_fullload.o hic0_fullpar.o
discipline.h hic0_fullask.c hic0_fullinit.c hic0_fullmask.c hic0_fullsetup.c
NOTE: CFLAGS is redefined to "-g" is order to speed up the compilation process.
It is better NOT to redefine CFLAGS for official releases.
(the compilation will take a lot longer to complete)
09- Update manually the ngspice parser files
Modify the following files:
/src/spicelib/parser/inp2q.c ----> depends on the type of the device, here 'q' device
/src/spicelib/parser/inpdomod.c
/src/spicelib/devices/dev.c
...
10- Update executable 'ngspice'
10-01 Update ngspice
In directory run shell command 'make':
$ make
File 'src/ngspice.exe' is updated and contains the new device 'hicum0'.
10-02 Install ngspice
In directory run shell command 'make':
$ make install
ngspice executables are installed in /usr/local/bin.
11- Test the Implementation of hicum0 into ngspice
11-01 Create a simple ngspice netlist
Create file 'hicum0.sp'. Its contents is given below:
$ cat hicum0.sp
.title Netlist
.option
+ temp=25.0
+ reltol=1e-5
+ abstol=1e-15
.model mybjtmodel npn
+ npn=1
+ level=5
qN1
+ c b 0 0
+ mybjtmodel
rcc cc c 100.0
rbb bb b 1k
vcc
+ cc 0
+ 1.0
vbb
+ bb 0
+ 0.0
+ ac=0.0
.dc vbb 0.0 1.0 0.02
.print
+ dc
+ v(c)
+ i(vbb)
+ i(vcc)
.end
11-02 run 'ngspice':
$ ngspice -b hicum0.sp
Circuit: .title Netlist
Doing analysis at TEMP = 298.150000 and TNOM = 300.150000
No. of Data Rows : 51
.title Netlist
DC transfer characteristic Mon Jan 30 10:22:01 2006
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Index v-sweep v(c) vbb#branch vcc#branch
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 0.000000e+00 1.000000e+00 0.000000e+00 -7.105421e-17
1 2.000000e-02 1.000000e+00 -5.593842e-19 -1.265654e-16
2 4.000000e-02 1.000000e+00 -2.076336e-18 -2.775558e-16
3 6.000000e-02 1.000000e+00 -5.366258e-18 -6.061817e-16
4 8.000000e-02 1.000000e+00 -1.254873e-17 -1.320055e-15
5 1.000000e-01 1.000000e+00 -2.812744e-17 -2.874367e-15
6 1.200000e-01 1.000000e+00 -7.629085e-17 -7.666090e-15
7 1.400000e-01 1.000000e+00 -1.669761e-16 -1.669553e-14
8 1.600000e-01 1.000000e+00 -3.645759e-16 -3.636425e-14
9 1.800000e-01 1.000000e+00 -7.948513e-16 -7.920553e-14
10 2.000000e-01 1.000000e+00 -1.732082e-15 -1.725142e-13
11 2.200000e-01 1.000000e+00 -3.773484e-15 -3.757461e-13
12 2.400000e-01 1.000000e+00 -8.219658e-15 -8.183998e-13
13 2.600000e-01 1.000000e+00 -1.790375e-14 -1.782522e-12
14 2.800000e-01 1.000000e+00 -3.899630e-14 -3.882434e-12
15 3.000000e-01 1.000000e+00 -8.493698e-14 -8.456170e-12
16 3.200000e-01 1.000000e+00 -1.849987e-13 -1.841804e-11
17 3.400000e-01 1.000000e+00 -4.029389e-13 -4.011557e-11
18 3.600000e-01 1.000000e+00 -8.776254e-13 -8.737407e-11
19 3.800000e-01 1.000000e+00 -1.911521e-12 -1.903059e-10
20 4.000000e-01 1.000000e+00 -4.163405e-12 -4.144973e-10
21 4.200000e-01 9.999999e-01 -9.068141e-12 -9.027994e-10
22 4.400000e-01 9.999998e-01 -1.975094e-11 -1.966349e-09
23 4.600000e-01 9.999996e-01 -4.301867e-11 -4.282821e-09
24 4.800000e-01 9.999991e-01 -9.369701e-11 -9.328218e-09
25 5.000000e-01 9.999980e-01 -2.040767e-10 -2.031732e-08
26 5.200000e-01 9.999956e-01 -4.444870e-10 -4.425191e-08
27 5.400000e-01 9.999904e-01 -9.680991e-10 -9.638130e-08
28 5.600000e-01 9.999790e-01 -2.108483e-09 -2.099148e-07
29 5.800000e-01 9.999543e-01 -4.591957e-09 -4.571626e-07
30 6.000000e-01 9.999004e-01 -9.999448e-09 -9.955176e-07
31 6.200000e-01 9.997833e-01 -2.176941e-08 -2.167303e-06
32 6.400000e-01 9.995284e-01 -4.736784e-08 -4.715812e-06
33 6.600000e-01 9.989751e-01 -1.029470e-07 -1.024912e-05
34 6.800000e-01 9.977781e-01 -2.231776e-07 -2.221894e-05
35 7.000000e-01 9.952090e-01 -4.812339e-07 -4.791028e-05
36 7.200000e-01 9.897838e-01 -1.026165e-06 -1.021618e-04
37 7.400000e-01 9.786930e-01 -2.140206e-06 -2.130697e-04
38 7.600000e-01 9.573154e-01 -4.287705e-06 -4.268455e-04
39 7.800000e-01 9.197474e-01 -8.062749e-06 -8.025264e-04
40 8.000000e-01 8.611162e-01 -1.395965e-05 -1.388838e-03
41 8.200000e-01 7.801099e-01 -2.212604e-05 -2.198901e-03
42 8.400000e-01 6.791392e-01 -3.235919e-05 -3.208608e-03
43 8.600000e-01 5.627227e-01 -4.429334e-05 -4.372773e-03
44 8.800000e-01 4.367031e-01 -5.756142e-05 -5.632969e-03
45 9.000000e-01 3.111929e-01 -7.186079e-05 -6.888071e-03
46 9.200000e-01 2.120521e-01 -8.696058e-05 -7.879479e-03
47 9.400000e-01 1.637984e-01 -1.026891e-04 -8.362016e-03
48 9.600000e-01 1.443326e-01 -1.189191e-04 -8.556674e-03
49 9.800000e-01 1.353683e-01 -1.355550e-04 -8.646317e-03
50 1.000000e+00 1.312181e-01 -1.525242e-04 -8.687819e-03
Total elapsed time: 0.625 seconds.
Current dynamic memory usage = 1.515520 MB,
Dynamic memory limit = 1241.702400 MB.
12- How to update ngspice when the Verilog-AMS source code changes
If you modify the Verilog-AMS source code of 'hicum0'
just complete the following steps in order to update
'ngspice':
12-01 Update the auto-generated C code
In directory ..../hicum0 run:
- make clean
- make adms
- make
12-02 Update 'ngspice' and re-install
In directory run:
- make
- make install
Appendix 01: Comments on spice3-flavoured flags like npn, pnp, nmos, pmos and so on
In the adms-based implementation of hicum0 the value of the device type flag (either npn or pnp)
in the model card is just ignored.
The selection of the type of the device is actually done using model parameters.
In the Verilog-AMS code of hicum0 there are two special model parameters called 'npn' and 'pnp'
which decide what the type of the device will be (either a npn bipolar model or pnp bipolar model).
The Verilog-AMS piece of code that triggers the decision is as follows:
if (`PGIVEN(npn))
HICUMtype = `NPN;
else if (`PGIVEN(pnp))
HICUMtype = `PNP;
else
HICUMtype = `NPN;
end
`PGIVEN(npn) is a macro that returns 1 is model parameter 'npn' occurs in the .model card
of the ngspice netlist. Otherwise it returns 0.
For instance:
1- the following model card will select a NPN type device:
.model mybjtmodel npn
+ npn=1
+ level=5
2- the following model card will select a PNP type device:
.model mybjtmodel npn
+ pnp=1
+ level=5
In both cases flag 'npn' is just ignored.
In section 'Update manually the ngspice parser files' it is recommended
to use flag 'adms' instead.
This limitation results from the LRM of VerilogAMS that does not support flags.
ngspice-24/BUGS 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000003125 11712022254 014273 0 ustar sylvestre sylvestre This file contains a list of known but not yet fixed bugs in ngspice.
===========================================================================
How to submit a bug report:
There are two methods to report a bug you have discovered in ngspice:
* Bug tracker: This is the preferred method of reporting a bug.
Using the tracker on Sourceforge.net site will make your report
open by everyone and the chances of finding a fix will increase.
* ngspice-devel list: If you are a member of this list, you can write
directly to the developers' list. Do not subscribe to the list only
for sending bug reports.
Before sending a bug report please note: all information you send to the bug
tracking system or on the mailing lists is public. If you need to send
sensitive information, send them to a developer directly but still write non
sensitive data on the bug tracking system to keep track of bug history.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPEN BUGS:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* return value:
When ngspice is called in batch mode it returns 1 even if the simulations
are run. The problem arises when there is a .control section but no
.print, .plot or .fourier lines. Ngspice outputs:
Note: No ".plot", ".print", or ".fourier" lines; no simulations run
and exits returning 1.
Workaround: add -r to the command line to avoid this.
* please refer to the sourceforge bug tracker at
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=38962&atid=423915
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case \$lt_ECHO in
*'\\\[$]0 --fallback-echo"')dnl "
lt_ECHO=\`\$ECHO "X\$lt_ECHO" | \$Xsed -e 's/\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\[$]0 --fallback-echo"\[$]/\[$]0 --fallback-echo"/'\`
;;
esac
_LT_OUTPUT_LIBTOOL_INIT
])
# LT_OUTPUT
# ---------
# This macro allows early generation of the libtool script (before
# AC_OUTPUT is called), incase it is used in configure for compilation
# tests.
AC_DEFUN([LT_OUTPUT],
[: ${CONFIG_LT=./config.lt}
AC_MSG_NOTICE([creating $CONFIG_LT])
cat >"$CONFIG_LT" <<_LTEOF
#! $SHELL
# Generated by $as_me.
# Run this file to recreate a libtool stub with the current configuration.
lt_cl_silent=false
SHELL=\${CONFIG_SHELL-$SHELL}
_LTEOF
cat >>"$CONFIG_LT" <<\_LTEOF
AS_SHELL_SANITIZE
_AS_PREPARE
exec AS_MESSAGE_FD>&1
exec AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD>>config.log
{
echo
AS_BOX([Running $as_me.])
} >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
lt_cl_help="\
\`$as_me' creates a local libtool stub from the current configuration,
for use in further configure time tests before the real libtool is
generated.
Usage: $[0] [[OPTIONS]]
-h, --help print this help, then exit
-V, --version print version number, then exit
-q, --quiet do not print progress messages
-d, --debug don't remove temporary files
Report bugs to ."
lt_cl_version="\
m4_ifset([AC_PACKAGE_NAME], [AC_PACKAGE_NAME ])config.lt[]dnl
m4_ifset([AC_PACKAGE_VERSION], [ AC_PACKAGE_VERSION])
configured by $[0], generated by m4_PACKAGE_STRING.
Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This config.lt script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permision to copy, distribute and modify it."
while test $[#] != 0
do
case $[1] in
--version | --v* | -V )
echo "$lt_cl_version"; exit 0 ;;
--help | --h* | -h )
echo "$lt_cl_help"; exit 0 ;;
--debug | --d* | -d )
debug=: ;;
--quiet | --q* | --silent | --s* | -q )
lt_cl_silent=: ;;
-*) AC_MSG_ERROR([unrecognized option: $[1]
Try \`$[0] --help' for more information.]) ;;
*) AC_MSG_ERROR([unrecognized argument: $[1]
Try \`$[0] --help' for more information.]) ;;
esac
shift
done
if $lt_cl_silent; then
exec AS_MESSAGE_FD>/dev/null
fi
_LTEOF
cat >>"$CONFIG_LT" <<_LTEOF
_LT_OUTPUT_LIBTOOL_COMMANDS_INIT
_LTEOF
cat >>"$CONFIG_LT" <<\_LTEOF
AC_MSG_NOTICE([creating $ofile])
_LT_OUTPUT_LIBTOOL_COMMANDS
AS_EXIT(0)
_LTEOF
chmod +x "$CONFIG_LT"
# configure is writing to config.log, but config.lt does its own redirection,
# appending to config.log, which fails on DOS, as config.log is still kept
# open by configure. Here we exec the FD to /dev/null, effectively closing
# config.log, so it can be properly (re)opened and appended to by config.lt.
if test "$no_create" != yes; then
lt_cl_success=:
test "$silent" = yes &&
lt_config_lt_args="$lt_config_lt_args --quiet"
exec AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD>/dev/null
$SHELL "$CONFIG_LT" $lt_config_lt_args || lt_cl_success=false
exec AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD>>config.log
$lt_cl_success || AS_EXIT(1)
fi
])# LT_OUTPUT
# _LT_CONFIG(TAG)
# ---------------
# If TAG is the built-in tag, create an initial libtool script with a
# default configuration from the untagged config vars. Otherwise add code
# to config.status for appending the configuration named by TAG from the
# matching tagged config vars.
m4_defun([_LT_CONFIG],
[m4_require([_LT_FILEUTILS_DEFAULTS])dnl
_LT_CONFIG_SAVE_COMMANDS([
m4_define([_LT_TAG], m4_if([$1], [], [C], [$1]))dnl
m4_if(_LT_TAG, [C], [
# See if we are running on zsh, and set the options which allow our
# commands through without removal of \ escapes.
if test -n "${ZSH_VERSION+set}" ; then
setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
fi
cfgfile="${ofile}T"
trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
$RM "$cfgfile"
cat <<_LT_EOF >> "$cfgfile"
#! $SHELL
# `$ECHO "$ofile" | sed 's%^.*/%%'` - Provide generalized library-building support services.
# Generated automatically by $as_me ($PACKAGE$TIMESTAMP) $VERSION
# Libtool was configured on host `(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`:
# NOTE: Changes made to this file will be lost: look at ltmain.sh.
#
_LT_COPYING
_LT_LIBTOOL_TAGS
# ### BEGIN LIBTOOL CONFIG
_LT_LIBTOOL_CONFIG_VARS
_LT_LIBTOOL_TAG_VARS
# ### END LIBTOOL CONFIG
_LT_EOF
case $host_os in
aix3*)
cat <<\_LT_EOF >> "$cfgfile"
# AIX sometimes has problems with the GCC collect2 program. For some
# reason, if we set the COLLECT_NAMES environment variable, the problems
# vanish in a puff of smoke.
if test "X${COLLECT_NAMES+set}" != Xset; then
COLLECT_NAMES=
export COLLECT_NAMES
fi
_LT_EOF
;;
esac
_LT_PROG_LTMAIN
# We use sed instead of cat because bash on DJGPP gets confused if
# if finds mixed CR/LF and LF-only lines. Since sed operates in
# text mode, it properly converts lines to CR/LF. This bash problem
# is reportedly fixed, but why not run on old versions too?
sed '/^# Generated shell functions inserted here/q' "$ltmain" >> "$cfgfile" \
|| (rm -f "$cfgfile"; exit 1)
_LT_PROG_XSI_SHELLFNS
sed -n '/^# Generated shell functions inserted here/,$p' "$ltmain" >> "$cfgfile" \
|| (rm -f "$cfgfile"; exit 1)
mv -f "$cfgfile" "$ofile" ||
(rm -f "$ofile" && cp "$cfgfile" "$ofile" && rm -f "$cfgfile")
chmod +x "$ofile"
],
[cat <<_LT_EOF >> "$ofile"
dnl Unfortunately we have to use $1 here, since _LT_TAG is not expanded
dnl in a comment (ie after a #).
# ### BEGIN LIBTOOL TAG CONFIG: $1
_LT_LIBTOOL_TAG_VARS(_LT_TAG)
# ### END LIBTOOL TAG CONFIG: $1
_LT_EOF
])dnl /m4_if
],
[m4_if([$1], [], [
PACKAGE='$PACKAGE'
VERSION='$VERSION'
TIMESTAMP='$TIMESTAMP'
RM='$RM'
ofile='$ofile'], [])
])dnl /_LT_CONFIG_SAVE_COMMANDS
])# _LT_CONFIG
# LT_SUPPORTED_TAG(TAG)
# ---------------------
# Trace this macro to discover what tags are supported by the libtool
# --tag option, using:
# autoconf --trace 'LT_SUPPORTED_TAG:$1'
AC_DEFUN([LT_SUPPORTED_TAG], [])
# C support is built-in for now
m4_define([_LT_LANG_C_enabled], [])
m4_define([_LT_TAGS], [])
# LT_LANG(LANG)
# -------------
# Enable libtool support for the given language if not already enabled.
AC_DEFUN([LT_LANG],
[AC_BEFORE([$0], [LT_OUTPUT])dnl
m4_case([$1],
[C], [_LT_LANG(C)],
[C++], [_LT_LANG(CXX)],
[Java], [_LT_LANG(GCJ)],
[Fortran 77], [_LT_LANG(F77)],
[Fortran], [_LT_LANG(FC)],
[Windows Resource], [_LT_LANG(RC)],
[m4_ifdef([_LT_LANG_]$1[_CONFIG],
[_LT_LANG($1)],
[m4_fatal([$0: unsupported language: "$1"])])])dnl
])# LT_LANG
# _LT_LANG(LANGNAME)
# ------------------
m4_defun([_LT_LANG],
[m4_ifdef([_LT_LANG_]$1[_enabled], [],
[LT_SUPPORTED_TAG([$1])dnl
m4_append([_LT_TAGS], [$1 ])dnl
m4_define([_LT_LANG_]$1[_enabled], [])dnl
_LT_LANG_$1_CONFIG($1)])dnl
])# _LT_LANG
# _LT_LANG_DEFAULT_CONFIG
# -----------------------
m4_defun([_LT_LANG_DEFAULT_CONFIG],
[AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_PROG_CXX],
[LT_LANG(CXX)],
[m4_define([AC_PROG_CXX], defn([AC_PROG_CXX])[LT_LANG(CXX)])])
AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_PROG_F77],
[LT_LANG(F77)],
[m4_define([AC_PROG_F77], defn([AC_PROG_F77])[LT_LANG(F77)])])
AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_PROG_FC],
[LT_LANG(FC)],
[m4_define([AC_PROG_FC], defn([AC_PROG_FC])[LT_LANG(FC)])])
dnl The call to [A][M_PROG_GCJ] is quoted like that to stop aclocal
dnl pulling things in needlessly.
AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_PROG_GCJ],
[LT_LANG(GCJ)],
[AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([A][M_PROG_GCJ],
[LT_LANG(GCJ)],
[AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([LT_PROG_GCJ],
[LT_LANG(GCJ)],
[m4_ifdef([AC_PROG_GCJ],
[m4_define([AC_PROG_GCJ], defn([AC_PROG_GCJ])[LT_LANG(GCJ)])])
m4_ifdef([A][M_PROG_GCJ],
[m4_define([A][M_PROG_GCJ], defn([A][M_PROG_GCJ])[LT_LANG(GCJ)])])
m4_ifdef([LT_PROG_GCJ],
[m4_define([LT_PROG_GCJ], defn([LT_PROG_GCJ])[LT_LANG(GCJ)])])])])])
AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([LT_PROG_RC],
[LT_LANG(RC)],
[m4_define([LT_PROG_RC], defn([LT_PROG_RC])[LT_LANG(RC)])])
])# _LT_LANG_DEFAULT_CONFIG
# Obsolete macros:
AU_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_CXX], [LT_LANG(C++)])
AU_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_F77], [LT_LANG(Fortran 77)])
AU_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_FC], [LT_LANG(Fortran)])
AU_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ], [LT_LANG(Java)])
dnl aclocal-1.4 backwards compatibility:
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_CXX], [])
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_F77], [])
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_FC], [])
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ], [])
# _LT_TAG_COMPILER
# ----------------
m4_defun([_LT_TAG_COMPILER],
[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CC])dnl
_LT_DECL([LTCC], [CC], [1], [A C compiler])dnl
_LT_DECL([LTCFLAGS], [CFLAGS], [1], [LTCC compiler flags])dnl
_LT_TAGDECL([CC], [compiler], [1], [A language specific compiler])dnl
_LT_TAGDECL([with_gcc], [GCC], [0], [Is the compiler the GNU compiler?])dnl
# If no C compiler was specified, use CC.
LTCC=${LTCC-"$CC"}
# If no C compiler flags were specified, use CFLAGS.
LTCFLAGS=${LTCFLAGS-"$CFLAGS"}
# Allow CC to be a program name with arguments.
compiler=$CC
])# _LT_TAG_COMPILER
# _LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
# ------------------------
# Check for compiler boilerplate output or warnings with
# the simple compiler test code.
m4_defun([_LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE],
[m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
ac_outfile=conftest.$ac_objext
echo "$lt_simple_compile_test_code" >conftest.$ac_ext
eval "$ac_compile" 2>&1 >/dev/null | $SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' >conftest.err
_lt_compiler_boilerplate=`cat conftest.err`
$RM conftest*
])# _LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
# _LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
# ----------------------
# Check for linker boilerplate output or warnings with
# the simple link test code.
m4_defun([_LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE],
[m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
ac_outfile=conftest.$ac_objext
echo "$lt_simple_link_test_code" >conftest.$ac_ext
eval "$ac_link" 2>&1 >/dev/null | $SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' >conftest.err
_lt_linker_boilerplate=`cat conftest.err`
$RM -r conftest*
])# _LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
# _LT_REQUIRED_DARWIN_CHECKS
# -------------------------
m4_defun_once([_LT_REQUIRED_DARWIN_CHECKS],[
case $host_os in
rhapsody* | darwin*)
AC_CHECK_TOOL([DSYMUTIL], [dsymutil], [:])
AC_CHECK_TOOL([NMEDIT], [nmedit], [:])
AC_CHECK_TOOL([LIPO], [lipo], [:])
AC_CHECK_TOOL([OTOOL], [otool], [:])
AC_CHECK_TOOL([OTOOL64], [otool64], [:])
_LT_DECL([], [DSYMUTIL], [1],
[Tool to manipulate archived DWARF debug symbol files on Mac OS X])
_LT_DECL([], [NMEDIT], [1],
[Tool to change global to local symbols on Mac OS X])
_LT_DECL([], [LIPO], [1],
[Tool to manipulate fat objects and archives on Mac OS X])
_LT_DECL([], [OTOOL], [1],
[ldd/readelf like tool for Mach-O binaries on Mac OS X])
_LT_DECL([], [OTOOL64], [1],
[ldd/readelf like tool for 64 bit Mach-O binaries on Mac OS X 10.4])
AC_CACHE_CHECK([for -single_module linker flag],[lt_cv_apple_cc_single_mod],
[lt_cv_apple_cc_single_mod=no
if test -z "${LT_MULTI_MODULE}"; then
# By default we will add the -single_module flag. You can override
# by either setting the environment variable LT_MULTI_MODULE
# non-empty at configure time, or by adding -multi_module to the
# link flags.
rm -rf libconftest.dylib*
echo "int foo(void){return 1;}" > conftest.c
echo "$LTCC $LTCFLAGS $LDFLAGS -o libconftest.dylib \
-dynamiclib -Wl,-single_module conftest.c" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
$LTCC $LTCFLAGS $LDFLAGS -o libconftest.dylib \
-dynamiclib -Wl,-single_module conftest.c 2>conftest.err
_lt_result=$?
if test -f libconftest.dylib && test ! -s conftest.err && test $_lt_result = 0; then
lt_cv_apple_cc_single_mod=yes
else
cat conftest.err >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
fi
rm -rf libconftest.dylib*
rm -f conftest.*
fi])
AC_CACHE_CHECK([for -exported_symbols_list linker flag],
[lt_cv_ld_exported_symbols_list],
[lt_cv_ld_exported_symbols_list=no
save_LDFLAGS=$LDFLAGS
echo "_main" > conftest.sym
LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -Wl,-exported_symbols_list,conftest.sym"
AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([],[])],
[lt_cv_ld_exported_symbols_list=yes],
[lt_cv_ld_exported_symbols_list=no])
LDFLAGS="$save_LDFLAGS"
])
case $host_os in
rhapsody* | darwin1.[[012]])
_lt_dar_allow_undefined='${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress' ;;
darwin1.*)
_lt_dar_allow_undefined='${wl}-flat_namespace ${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress' ;;
darwin*) # darwin 5.x on
# if running on 10.5 or later, the deployment target defaults
# to the OS version, if on x86, and 10.4, the deployment
# target defaults to 10.4. Don't you love it?
case ${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET-10.0},$host in
10.0,*86*-darwin8*|10.0,*-darwin[[91]]*)
_lt_dar_allow_undefined='${wl}-undefined ${wl}dynamic_lookup' ;;
10.[[012]]*)
_lt_dar_allow_undefined='${wl}-flat_namespace ${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress' ;;
10.*)
_lt_dar_allow_undefined='${wl}-undefined ${wl}dynamic_lookup' ;;
esac
;;
esac
if test "$lt_cv_apple_cc_single_mod" = "yes"; then
_lt_dar_single_mod='$single_module'
fi
if test "$lt_cv_ld_exported_symbols_list" = "yes"; then
_lt_dar_export_syms=' ${wl}-exported_symbols_list,$output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym'
else
_lt_dar_export_syms='~$NMEDIT -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
fi
if test "$DSYMUTIL" != ":"; then
_lt_dsymutil='~$DSYMUTIL $lib || :'
else
_lt_dsymutil=
fi
;;
esac
])
# _LT_DARWIN_LINKER_FEATURES
# --------------------------
# Checks for linker and compiler features on darwin
m4_defun([_LT_DARWIN_LINKER_FEATURES],
[
m4_require([_LT_REQUIRED_DARWIN_CHECKS])
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)=yes
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=unsupported
_LT_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=''
_LT_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
_LT_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)="$_lt_dar_allow_undefined"
case $cc_basename in
ifort*) _lt_dar_can_shared=yes ;;
*) _lt_dar_can_shared=$GCC ;;
esac
if test "$_lt_dar_can_shared" = "yes"; then
output_verbose_link_cmd=echo
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)="\$CC -dynamiclib \$allow_undefined_flag -o \$lib \$libobjs \$deplibs \$compiler_flags -install_name \$rpath/\$soname \$verstring $_lt_dar_single_mod${_lt_dsymutil}"
_LT_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)="\$CC \$allow_undefined_flag -o \$lib -bundle \$libobjs \$deplibs \$compiler_flags${_lt_dsymutil}"
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)="sed 's,^,_,' < \$export_symbols > \$output_objdir/\${libname}-symbols.expsym~\$CC -dynamiclib \$allow_undefined_flag -o \$lib \$libobjs \$deplibs \$compiler_flags -install_name \$rpath/\$soname \$verstring ${_lt_dar_single_mod}${_lt_dar_export_syms}${_lt_dsymutil}"
_LT_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)="sed -e 's,^,_,' < \$export_symbols > \$output_objdir/\${libname}-symbols.expsym~\$CC \$allow_undefined_flag -o \$lib -bundle \$libobjs \$deplibs \$compiler_flags${_lt_dar_export_syms}${_lt_dsymutil}"
m4_if([$1], [CXX],
[ if test "$lt_cv_apple_cc_single_mod" != "yes"; then
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)="\$CC -r -keep_private_externs -nostdlib -o \${lib}-master.o \$libobjs~\$CC -dynamiclib \$allow_undefined_flag -o \$lib \${lib}-master.o \$deplibs \$compiler_flags -install_name \$rpath/\$soname \$verstring${_lt_dsymutil}"
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)="sed 's,^,_,' < \$export_symbols > \$output_objdir/\${libname}-symbols.expsym~\$CC -r -keep_private_externs -nostdlib -o \${lib}-master.o \$libobjs~\$CC -dynamiclib \$allow_undefined_flag -o \$lib \${lib}-master.o \$deplibs \$compiler_flags -install_name \$rpath/\$soname \$verstring${_lt_dar_export_syms}${_lt_dsymutil}"
fi
],[])
else
_LT_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
fi
])
# _LT_SYS_MODULE_PATH_AIX
# -----------------------
# Links a minimal program and checks the executable
# for the system default hardcoded library path. In most cases,
# this is /usr/lib:/lib, but when the MPI compilers are used
# the location of the communication and MPI libs are included too.
# If we don't find anything, use the default library path according
# to the aix ld manual.
m4_defun([_LT_SYS_MODULE_PATH_AIX],
[m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM,[
lt_aix_libpath_sed='
/Import File Strings/,/^$/ {
/^0/ {
s/^0 *\(.*\)$/\1/
p
}
}'
aix_libpath=`dump -H conftest$ac_exeext 2>/dev/null | $SED -n -e "$lt_aix_libpath_sed"`
# Check for a 64-bit object if we didn't find anything.
if test -z "$aix_libpath"; then
aix_libpath=`dump -HX64 conftest$ac_exeext 2>/dev/null | $SED -n -e "$lt_aix_libpath_sed"`
fi],[])
if test -z "$aix_libpath"; then aix_libpath="/usr/lib:/lib"; fi
])# _LT_SYS_MODULE_PATH_AIX
# _LT_SHELL_INIT(ARG)
# -------------------
m4_define([_LT_SHELL_INIT],
[ifdef([AC_DIVERSION_NOTICE],
[AC_DIVERT_PUSH(AC_DIVERSION_NOTICE)],
[AC_DIVERT_PUSH(NOTICE)])
$1
AC_DIVERT_POP
])# _LT_SHELL_INIT
# _LT_PROG_ECHO_BACKSLASH
# -----------------------
# Add some code to the start of the generated configure script which
# will find an echo command which doesn't interpret backslashes.
m4_defun([_LT_PROG_ECHO_BACKSLASH],
[_LT_SHELL_INIT([
# Check that we are running under the correct shell.
SHELL=${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}
case X$lt_ECHO in
X*--fallback-echo)
# Remove one level of quotation (which was required for Make).
ECHO=`echo "$lt_ECHO" | sed 's,\\\\\[$]\\[$]0,'[$]0','`
;;
esac
ECHO=${lt_ECHO-echo}
if test "X[$]1" = X--no-reexec; then
# Discard the --no-reexec flag, and continue.
shift
elif test "X[$]1" = X--fallback-echo; then
# Avoid inline document here, it may be left over
:
elif test "X`{ $ECHO '\t'; } 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' ; then
# Yippee, $ECHO works!
:
else
# Restart under the correct shell.
exec $SHELL "[$]0" --no-reexec ${1+"[$]@"}
fi
if test "X[$]1" = X--fallback-echo; then
# used as fallback echo
shift
cat <<_LT_EOF
[$]*
_LT_EOF
exit 0
fi
# The HP-UX ksh and POSIX shell print the target directory to stdout
# if CDPATH is set.
(unset CDPATH) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset CDPATH
if test -z "$lt_ECHO"; then
if test "X${echo_test_string+set}" != Xset; then
# find a string as large as possible, as long as the shell can cope with it
for cmd in 'sed 50q "[$]0"' 'sed 20q "[$]0"' 'sed 10q "[$]0"' 'sed 2q "[$]0"' 'echo test'; do
# expected sizes: less than 2Kb, 1Kb, 512 bytes, 16 bytes, ...
if { echo_test_string=`eval $cmd`; } 2>/dev/null &&
{ test "X$echo_test_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; } 2>/dev/null
then
break
fi
done
fi
if test "X`{ $ECHO '\t'; } 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' &&
echo_testing_string=`{ $ECHO "$echo_test_string"; } 2>/dev/null` &&
test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
:
else
# The Solaris, AIX, and Digital Unix default echo programs unquote
# backslashes. This makes it impossible to quote backslashes using
# echo "$something" | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g'
#
# So, first we look for a working echo in the user's PATH.
lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for dir in $PATH /usr/ucb; do
IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
if (test -f $dir/echo || test -f $dir/echo$ac_exeext) &&
test "X`($dir/echo '\t') 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' &&
echo_testing_string=`($dir/echo "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
ECHO="$dir/echo"
break
fi
done
IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
if test "X$ECHO" = Xecho; then
# We didn't find a better echo, so look for alternatives.
if test "X`{ print -r '\t'; } 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' &&
echo_testing_string=`{ print -r "$echo_test_string"; } 2>/dev/null` &&
test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
# This shell has a builtin print -r that does the trick.
ECHO='print -r'
elif { test -f /bin/ksh || test -f /bin/ksh$ac_exeext; } &&
test "X$CONFIG_SHELL" != X/bin/ksh; then
# If we have ksh, try running configure again with it.
ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL=${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}
export ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL
CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/ksh
export CONFIG_SHELL
exec $CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --no-reexec ${1+"[$]@"}
else
# Try using printf.
ECHO='printf %s\n'
if test "X`{ $ECHO '\t'; } 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' &&
echo_testing_string=`{ $ECHO "$echo_test_string"; } 2>/dev/null` &&
test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
# Cool, printf works
:
elif echo_testing_string=`($ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --fallback-echo '\t') 2>/dev/null` &&
test "X$echo_testing_string" = 'X\t' &&
echo_testing_string=`($ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --fallback-echo "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
CONFIG_SHELL=$ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL
export CONFIG_SHELL
SHELL="$CONFIG_SHELL"
export SHELL
ECHO="$CONFIG_SHELL [$]0 --fallback-echo"
elif echo_testing_string=`($CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --fallback-echo '\t') 2>/dev/null` &&
test "X$echo_testing_string" = 'X\t' &&
echo_testing_string=`($CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --fallback-echo "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
ECHO="$CONFIG_SHELL [$]0 --fallback-echo"
else
# maybe with a smaller string...
prev=:
for cmd in 'echo test' 'sed 2q "[$]0"' 'sed 10q "[$]0"' 'sed 20q "[$]0"' 'sed 50q "[$]0"'; do
if { test "X$echo_test_string" = "X`eval $cmd`"; } 2>/dev/null
then
break
fi
prev="$cmd"
done
if test "$prev" != 'sed 50q "[$]0"'; then
echo_test_string=`eval $prev`
export echo_test_string
exec ${ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL-${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}} "[$]0" ${1+"[$]@"}
else
# Oops. We lost completely, so just stick with echo.
ECHO=echo
fi
fi
fi
fi
fi
fi
# Copy echo and quote the copy suitably for passing to libtool from
# the Makefile, instead of quoting the original, which is used later.
lt_ECHO=$ECHO
if test "X$lt_ECHO" = "X$CONFIG_SHELL [$]0 --fallback-echo"; then
lt_ECHO="$CONFIG_SHELL \\\$\[$]0 --fallback-echo"
fi
AC_SUBST(lt_ECHO)
])
_LT_DECL([], [SHELL], [1], [Shell to use when invoking shell scripts])
_LT_DECL([], [ECHO], [1],
[An echo program that does not interpret backslashes])
])# _LT_PROG_ECHO_BACKSLASH
# _LT_ENABLE_LOCK
# ---------------
m4_defun([_LT_ENABLE_LOCK],
[AC_ARG_ENABLE([libtool-lock],
[AS_HELP_STRING([--disable-libtool-lock],
[avoid locking (might break parallel builds)])])
test "x$enable_libtool_lock" != xno && enable_libtool_lock=yes
# Some flags need to be propagated to the compiler or linker for good
# libtool support.
case $host in
ia64-*-hpux*)
# Find out which ABI we are using.
echo 'int i;' > conftest.$ac_ext
if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
case `/usr/bin/file conftest.$ac_objext` in
*ELF-32*)
HPUX_IA64_MODE="32"
;;
*ELF-64*)
HPUX_IA64_MODE="64"
;;
esac
fi
rm -rf conftest*
;;
*-*-irix6*)
# Find out which ABI we are using.
echo '[#]line __oline__ "configure"' > conftest.$ac_ext
if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
if test "$lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld" = yes; then
case `/usr/bin/file conftest.$ac_objext` in
*32-bit*)
LD="${LD-ld} -melf32bsmip"
;;
*N32*)
LD="${LD-ld} -melf32bmipn32"
;;
*64-bit*)
LD="${LD-ld} -melf64bmip"
;;
esac
else
case `/usr/bin/file conftest.$ac_objext` in
*32-bit*)
LD="${LD-ld} -32"
;;
*N32*)
LD="${LD-ld} -n32"
;;
*64-bit*)
LD="${LD-ld} -64"
;;
esac
fi
fi
rm -rf conftest*
;;
x86_64-*kfreebsd*-gnu|x86_64-*linux*|ppc*-*linux*|powerpc*-*linux*| \
s390*-*linux*|s390*-*tpf*|sparc*-*linux*)
# Find out which ABI we are using.
echo 'int i;' > conftest.$ac_ext
if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
case `/usr/bin/file conftest.o` in
*32-bit*)
case $host in
x86_64-*kfreebsd*-gnu)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf_i386_fbsd"
;;
x86_64-*linux*)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf_i386"
;;
ppc64-*linux*|powerpc64-*linux*)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf32ppclinux"
;;
s390x-*linux*)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf_s390"
;;
sparc64-*linux*)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf32_sparc"
;;
esac
;;
*64-bit*)
case $host in
x86_64-*kfreebsd*-gnu)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf_x86_64_fbsd"
;;
x86_64-*linux*)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf_x86_64"
;;
ppc*-*linux*|powerpc*-*linux*)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf64ppc"
;;
s390*-*linux*|s390*-*tpf*)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf64_s390"
;;
sparc*-*linux*)
LD="${LD-ld} -m elf64_sparc"
;;
esac
;;
esac
fi
rm -rf conftest*
;;
*-*-sco3.2v5*)
# On SCO OpenServer 5, we need -belf to get full-featured binaries.
SAVE_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -belf"
AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether the C compiler needs -belf], lt_cv_cc_needs_belf,
[AC_LANG_PUSH(C)
AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[]],[[]])],[lt_cv_cc_needs_belf=yes],[lt_cv_cc_needs_belf=no])
AC_LANG_POP])
if test x"$lt_cv_cc_needs_belf" != x"yes"; then
# this is probably gcc 2.8.0, egcs 1.0 or newer; no need for -belf
CFLAGS="$SAVE_CFLAGS"
fi
;;
sparc*-*solaris*)
# Find out which ABI we are using.
echo 'int i;' > conftest.$ac_ext
if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
case `/usr/bin/file conftest.o` in
*64-bit*)
case $lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld in
yes*) LD="${LD-ld} -m elf64_sparc" ;;
*)
if ${LD-ld} -64 -r -o conftest2.o conftest.o >/dev/null 2>&1; then
LD="${LD-ld} -64"
fi
;;
esac
;;
esac
fi
rm -rf conftest*
;;
esac
need_locks="$enable_libtool_lock"
])# _LT_ENABLE_LOCK
# _LT_CMD_OLD_ARCHIVE
# -------------------
m4_defun([_LT_CMD_OLD_ARCHIVE],
[AC_CHECK_TOOL(AR, ar, false)
test -z "$AR" && AR=ar
test -z "$AR_FLAGS" && AR_FLAGS=cru
_LT_DECL([], [AR], [1], [The archiver])
_LT_DECL([], [AR_FLAGS], [1])
AC_CHECK_TOOL(STRIP, strip, :)
test -z "$STRIP" && STRIP=:
_LT_DECL([], [STRIP], [1], [A symbol stripping program])
AC_CHECK_TOOL(RANLIB, ranlib, :)
test -z "$RANLIB" && RANLIB=:
_LT_DECL([], [RANLIB], [1],
[Commands used to install an old-style archive])
# Determine commands to create old-style static archives.
old_archive_cmds='$AR $AR_FLAGS $oldlib$oldobjs'
old_postinstall_cmds='chmod 644 $oldlib'
old_postuninstall_cmds=
if test -n "$RANLIB"; then
case $host_os in
openbsd*)
old_postinstall_cmds="$old_postinstall_cmds~\$RANLIB -t \$oldlib"
;;
*)
old_postinstall_cmds="$old_postinstall_cmds~\$RANLIB \$oldlib"
;;
esac
old_archive_cmds="$old_archive_cmds~\$RANLIB \$oldlib"
fi
_LT_DECL([], [old_postinstall_cmds], [2])
_LT_DECL([], [old_postuninstall_cmds], [2])
_LT_TAGDECL([], [old_archive_cmds], [2],
[Commands used to build an old-style archive])
])# _LT_CMD_OLD_ARCHIVE
# _LT_COMPILER_OPTION(MESSAGE, VARIABLE-NAME, FLAGS,
# [OUTPUT-FILE], [ACTION-SUCCESS], [ACTION-FAILURE])
# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# Check whether the given compiler option works
AC_DEFUN([_LT_COMPILER_OPTION],
[m4_require([_LT_FILEUTILS_DEFAULTS])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
AC_CACHE_CHECK([$1], [$2],
[$2=no
m4_if([$4], , [ac_outfile=conftest.$ac_objext], [ac_outfile=$4])
echo "$lt_simple_compile_test_code" > conftest.$ac_ext
lt_compiler_flag="$3"
# Insert the option either (1) after the last *FLAGS variable, or
# (2) before a word containing "conftest.", or (3) at the end.
# Note that $ac_compile itself does not contain backslashes and begins
# with a dollar sign (not a hyphen), so the echo should work correctly.
# The option is referenced via a variable to avoid confusing sed.
lt_compile=`echo "$ac_compile" | $SED \
-e 's:.*FLAGS}\{0,1\} :&$lt_compiler_flag :; t' \
-e 's: [[^ ]]*conftest\.: $lt_compiler_flag&:; t' \
-e 's:$: $lt_compiler_flag:'`
(eval echo "\"\$as_me:__oline__: $lt_compile\"" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD)
(eval "$lt_compile" 2>conftest.err)
ac_status=$?
cat conftest.err >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
echo "$as_me:__oline__: \$? = $ac_status" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
if (exit $ac_status) && test -s "$ac_outfile"; then
# The compiler can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
# So say no if there are warnings other than the usual output.
$ECHO "X$_lt_compiler_boilerplate" | $Xsed -e '/^$/d' >conftest.exp
$SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' conftest.err >conftest.er2
if test ! -s conftest.er2 || diff conftest.exp conftest.er2 >/dev/null; then
$2=yes
fi
fi
$RM conftest*
])
if test x"[$]$2" = xyes; then
m4_if([$5], , :, [$5])
else
m4_if([$6], , :, [$6])
fi
])# _LT_COMPILER_OPTION
# Old name:
AU_ALIAS([AC_LIBTOOL_COMPILER_OPTION], [_LT_COMPILER_OPTION])
dnl aclocal-1.4 backwards compatibility:
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_COMPILER_OPTION], [])
# _LT_LINKER_OPTION(MESSAGE, VARIABLE-NAME, FLAGS,
# [ACTION-SUCCESS], [ACTION-FAILURE])
# ----------------------------------------------------
# Check whether the given linker option works
AC_DEFUN([_LT_LINKER_OPTION],
[m4_require([_LT_FILEUTILS_DEFAULTS])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
AC_CACHE_CHECK([$1], [$2],
[$2=no
save_LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS"
LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS $3"
echo "$lt_simple_link_test_code" > conftest.$ac_ext
if (eval $ac_link 2>conftest.err) && test -s conftest$ac_exeext; then
# The linker can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
# So say no if there are warnings
if test -s conftest.err; then
# Append any errors to the config.log.
cat conftest.err 1>&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
$ECHO "X$_lt_linker_boilerplate" | $Xsed -e '/^$/d' > conftest.exp
$SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' conftest.err >conftest.er2
if diff conftest.exp conftest.er2 >/dev/null; then
$2=yes
fi
else
$2=yes
fi
fi
$RM -r conftest*
LDFLAGS="$save_LDFLAGS"
])
if test x"[$]$2" = xyes; then
m4_if([$4], , :, [$4])
else
m4_if([$5], , :, [$5])
fi
])# _LT_LINKER_OPTION
# Old name:
AU_ALIAS([AC_LIBTOOL_LINKER_OPTION], [_LT_LINKER_OPTION])
dnl aclocal-1.4 backwards compatibility:
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_LINKER_OPTION], [])
# LT_CMD_MAX_LEN
#---------------
AC_DEFUN([LT_CMD_MAX_LEN],
[AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])dnl
# find the maximum length of command line arguments
AC_MSG_CHECKING([the maximum length of command line arguments])
AC_CACHE_VAL([lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len], [dnl
i=0
teststring="ABCD"
case $build_os in
msdosdjgpp*)
# On DJGPP, this test can blow up pretty badly due to problems in libc
# (any single argument exceeding 2000 bytes causes a buffer overrun
# during glob expansion). Even if it were fixed, the result of this
# check would be larger than it should be.
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=12288; # 12K is about right
;;
gnu*)
# Under GNU Hurd, this test is not required because there is
# no limit to the length of command line arguments.
# Libtool will interpret -1 as no limit whatsoever
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=-1;
;;
cygwin* | mingw* | cegcc*)
# On Win9x/ME, this test blows up -- it succeeds, but takes
# about 5 minutes as the teststring grows exponentially.
# Worse, since 9x/ME are not pre-emptively multitasking,
# you end up with a "frozen" computer, even though with patience
# the test eventually succeeds (with a max line length of 256k).
# Instead, let's just punt: use the minimum linelength reported by
# all of the supported platforms: 8192 (on NT/2K/XP).
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=8192;
;;
amigaos*)
# On AmigaOS with pdksh, this test takes hours, literally.
# So we just punt and use a minimum line length of 8192.
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=8192;
;;
netbsd* | freebsd* | openbsd* | darwin* | dragonfly*)
# This has been around since 386BSD, at least. Likely further.
if test -x /sbin/sysctl; then
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`/sbin/sysctl -n kern.argmax`
elif test -x /usr/sbin/sysctl; then
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`/usr/sbin/sysctl -n kern.argmax`
else
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=65536 # usable default for all BSDs
fi
# And add a safety zone
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len \/ 4`
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len \* 3`
;;
interix*)
# We know the value 262144 and hardcode it with a safety zone (like BSD)
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=196608
;;
osf*)
# Dr. Hans Ekkehard Plesser reports seeing a kernel panic running configure
# due to this test when exec_disable_arg_limit is 1 on Tru64. It is not
# nice to cause kernel panics so lets avoid the loop below.
# First set a reasonable default.
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=16384
#
if test -x /sbin/sysconfig; then
case `/sbin/sysconfig -q proc exec_disable_arg_limit` in
*1*) lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=-1 ;;
esac
fi
;;
sco3.2v5*)
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=102400
;;
sysv5* | sco5v6* | sysv4.2uw2*)
kargmax=`grep ARG_MAX /etc/conf/cf.d/stune 2>/dev/null`
if test -n "$kargmax"; then
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`echo $kargmax | sed 's/.*[[ ]]//'`
else
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=32768
fi
;;
*)
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`(getconf ARG_MAX) 2> /dev/null`
if test -n "$lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len"; then
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len \/ 4`
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len \* 3`
else
# Make teststring a little bigger before we do anything with it.
# a 1K string should be a reasonable start.
for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ; do
teststring=$teststring$teststring
done
SHELL=${SHELL-${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}}
# If test is not a shell built-in, we'll probably end up computing a
# maximum length that is only half of the actual maximum length, but
# we can't tell.
while { test "X"`$SHELL [$]0 --fallback-echo "X$teststring$teststring" 2>/dev/null` \
= "XX$teststring$teststring"; } >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
test $i != 17 # 1/2 MB should be enough
do
i=`expr $i + 1`
teststring=$teststring$teststring
done
# Only check the string length outside the loop.
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr "X$teststring" : ".*" 2>&1`
teststring=
# Add a significant safety factor because C++ compilers can tack on
# massive amounts of additional arguments before passing them to the
# linker. It appears as though 1/2 is a usable value.
lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len \/ 2`
fi
;;
esac
])
if test -n $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len ; then
AC_MSG_RESULT($lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len)
else
AC_MSG_RESULT(none)
fi
max_cmd_len=$lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len
_LT_DECL([], [max_cmd_len], [0],
[What is the maximum length of a command?])
])# LT_CMD_MAX_LEN
# Old name:
AU_ALIAS([AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_MAX_CMD_LEN], [LT_CMD_MAX_LEN])
dnl aclocal-1.4 backwards compatibility:
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_MAX_CMD_LEN], [])
# _LT_HEADER_DLFCN
# ----------------
m4_defun([_LT_HEADER_DLFCN],
[AC_CHECK_HEADERS([dlfcn.h], [], [], [AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT])dnl
])# _LT_HEADER_DLFCN
# _LT_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF (ACTION-IF-TRUE, ACTION-IF-TRUE-W-USCORE,
# ACTION-IF-FALSE, ACTION-IF-CROSS-COMPILING)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------
m4_defun([_LT_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF],
[m4_require([_LT_HEADER_DLFCN])dnl
if test "$cross_compiling" = yes; then :
[$4]
else
lt_dlunknown=0; lt_dlno_uscore=1; lt_dlneed_uscore=2
lt_status=$lt_dlunknown
cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<_LT_EOF
[#line __oline__ "configure"
#include "confdefs.h"
#if HAVE_DLFCN_H
#include
#endif
#include
#ifdef RTLD_GLOBAL
# define LT_DLGLOBAL RTLD_GLOBAL
#else
# ifdef DL_GLOBAL
# define LT_DLGLOBAL DL_GLOBAL
# else
# define LT_DLGLOBAL 0
# endif
#endif
/* We may have to define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW in the command line if we
find out it does not work in some platform. */
#ifndef LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW
# ifdef RTLD_LAZY
# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW RTLD_LAZY
# else
# ifdef DL_LAZY
# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW DL_LAZY
# else
# ifdef RTLD_NOW
# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW RTLD_NOW
# else
# ifdef DL_NOW
# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW DL_NOW
# else
# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW 0
# endif
# endif
# endif
# endif
#endif
void fnord() { int i=42;}
int main ()
{
void *self = dlopen (0, LT_DLGLOBAL|LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW);
int status = $lt_dlunknown;
if (self)
{
if (dlsym (self,"fnord")) status = $lt_dlno_uscore;
else if (dlsym( self,"_fnord")) status = $lt_dlneed_uscore;
/* dlclose (self); */
}
else
puts (dlerror ());
return status;
}]
_LT_EOF
if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_link) && test -s conftest${ac_exeext} 2>/dev/null; then
(./conftest; exit; ) >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD 2>/dev/null
lt_status=$?
case x$lt_status in
x$lt_dlno_uscore) $1 ;;
x$lt_dlneed_uscore) $2 ;;
x$lt_dlunknown|x*) $3 ;;
esac
else :
# compilation failed
$3
fi
fi
rm -fr conftest*
])# _LT_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF
# LT_SYS_DLOPEN_SELF
# ------------------
AC_DEFUN([LT_SYS_DLOPEN_SELF],
[m4_require([_LT_HEADER_DLFCN])dnl
if test "x$enable_dlopen" != xyes; then
enable_dlopen=unknown
enable_dlopen_self=unknown
enable_dlopen_self_static=unknown
else
lt_cv_dlopen=no
lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
case $host_os in
beos*)
lt_cv_dlopen="load_add_on"
lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
lt_cv_dlopen_self=yes
;;
mingw* | pw32* | cegcc*)
lt_cv_dlopen="LoadLibrary"
lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
;;
cygwin*)
lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen"
lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
;;
darwin*)
# if libdl is installed we need to link against it
AC_CHECK_LIB([dl], [dlopen],
[lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-ldl"],[
lt_cv_dlopen="dyld"
lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
lt_cv_dlopen_self=yes
])
;;
*)
AC_CHECK_FUNC([shl_load],
[lt_cv_dlopen="shl_load"],
[AC_CHECK_LIB([dld], [shl_load],
[lt_cv_dlopen="shl_load" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-ldld"],
[AC_CHECK_FUNC([dlopen],
[lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen"],
[AC_CHECK_LIB([dl], [dlopen],
[lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-ldl"],
[AC_CHECK_LIB([svld], [dlopen],
[lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-lsvld"],
[AC_CHECK_LIB([dld], [dld_link],
[lt_cv_dlopen="dld_link" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-ldld"])
])
])
])
])
])
;;
esac
if test "x$lt_cv_dlopen" != xno; then
enable_dlopen=yes
else
enable_dlopen=no
fi
case $lt_cv_dlopen in
dlopen)
save_CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS"
test "x$ac_cv_header_dlfcn_h" = xyes && CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS -DHAVE_DLFCN_H"
save_LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS"
wl=$lt_prog_compiler_wl eval LDFLAGS=\"\$LDFLAGS $export_dynamic_flag_spec\"
save_LIBS="$LIBS"
LIBS="$lt_cv_dlopen_libs $LIBS"
AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether a program can dlopen itself],
lt_cv_dlopen_self, [dnl
_LT_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF(
lt_cv_dlopen_self=yes, lt_cv_dlopen_self=yes,
lt_cv_dlopen_self=no, lt_cv_dlopen_self=cross)
])
if test "x$lt_cv_dlopen_self" = xyes; then
wl=$lt_prog_compiler_wl eval LDFLAGS=\"\$LDFLAGS $lt_prog_compiler_static\"
AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether a statically linked program can dlopen itself],
lt_cv_dlopen_self_static, [dnl
_LT_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF(
lt_cv_dlopen_self_static=yes, lt_cv_dlopen_self_static=yes,
lt_cv_dlopen_self_static=no, lt_cv_dlopen_self_static=cross)
])
fi
CPPFLAGS="$save_CPPFLAGS"
LDFLAGS="$save_LDFLAGS"
LIBS="$save_LIBS"
;;
esac
case $lt_cv_dlopen_self in
yes|no) enable_dlopen_self=$lt_cv_dlopen_self ;;
*) enable_dlopen_self=unknown ;;
esac
case $lt_cv_dlopen_self_static in
yes|no) enable_dlopen_self_static=$lt_cv_dlopen_self_static ;;
*) enable_dlopen_self_static=unknown ;;
esac
fi
_LT_DECL([dlopen_support], [enable_dlopen], [0],
[Whether dlopen is supported])
_LT_DECL([dlopen_self], [enable_dlopen_self], [0],
[Whether dlopen of programs is supported])
_LT_DECL([dlopen_self_static], [enable_dlopen_self_static], [0],
[Whether dlopen of statically linked programs is supported])
])# LT_SYS_DLOPEN_SELF
# Old name:
AU_ALIAS([AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN_SELF], [LT_SYS_DLOPEN_SELF])
dnl aclocal-1.4 backwards compatibility:
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN_SELF], [])
# _LT_COMPILER_C_O([TAGNAME])
# ---------------------------
# Check to see if options -c and -o are simultaneously supported by compiler.
# This macro does not hard code the compiler like AC_PROG_CC_C_O.
m4_defun([_LT_COMPILER_C_O],
[m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
m4_require([_LT_FILEUTILS_DEFAULTS])dnl
m4_require([_LT_TAG_COMPILER])dnl
AC_CACHE_CHECK([if $compiler supports -c -o file.$ac_objext],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)=no
$RM -r conftest 2>/dev/null
mkdir conftest
cd conftest
mkdir out
echo "$lt_simple_compile_test_code" > conftest.$ac_ext
lt_compiler_flag="-o out/conftest2.$ac_objext"
# Insert the option either (1) after the last *FLAGS variable, or
# (2) before a word containing "conftest.", or (3) at the end.
# Note that $ac_compile itself does not contain backslashes and begins
# with a dollar sign (not a hyphen), so the echo should work correctly.
lt_compile=`echo "$ac_compile" | $SED \
-e 's:.*FLAGS}\{0,1\} :&$lt_compiler_flag :; t' \
-e 's: [[^ ]]*conftest\.: $lt_compiler_flag&:; t' \
-e 's:$: $lt_compiler_flag:'`
(eval echo "\"\$as_me:__oline__: $lt_compile\"" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD)
(eval "$lt_compile" 2>out/conftest.err)
ac_status=$?
cat out/conftest.err >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
echo "$as_me:__oline__: \$? = $ac_status" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
if (exit $ac_status) && test -s out/conftest2.$ac_objext
then
# The compiler can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
# So say no if there are warnings
$ECHO "X$_lt_compiler_boilerplate" | $Xsed -e '/^$/d' > out/conftest.exp
$SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' out/conftest.err >out/conftest.er2
if test ! -s out/conftest.er2 || diff out/conftest.exp out/conftest.er2 >/dev/null; then
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)=yes
fi
fi
chmod u+w . 2>&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
$RM conftest*
# SGI C++ compiler will create directory out/ii_files/ for
# template instantiation
test -d out/ii_files && $RM out/ii_files/* && rmdir out/ii_files
$RM out/* && rmdir out
cd ..
$RM -r conftest
$RM conftest*
])
_LT_TAGDECL([compiler_c_o], [lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o], [1],
[Does compiler simultaneously support -c and -o options?])
])# _LT_COMPILER_C_O
# _LT_COMPILER_FILE_LOCKS([TAGNAME])
# ----------------------------------
# Check to see if we can do hard links to lock some files if needed
m4_defun([_LT_COMPILER_FILE_LOCKS],
[m4_require([_LT_ENABLE_LOCK])dnl
m4_require([_LT_FILEUTILS_DEFAULTS])dnl
_LT_COMPILER_C_O([$1])
hard_links="nottested"
if test "$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)" = no && test "$need_locks" != no; then
# do not overwrite the value of need_locks provided by the user
AC_MSG_CHECKING([if we can lock with hard links])
hard_links=yes
$RM conftest*
ln conftest.a conftest.b 2>/dev/null && hard_links=no
touch conftest.a
ln conftest.a conftest.b 2>&5 || hard_links=no
ln conftest.a conftest.b 2>/dev/null && hard_links=no
AC_MSG_RESULT([$hard_links])
if test "$hard_links" = no; then
AC_MSG_WARN([`$CC' does not support `-c -o', so `make -j' may be unsafe])
need_locks=warn
fi
else
need_locks=no
fi
_LT_DECL([], [need_locks], [1], [Must we lock files when doing compilation?])
])# _LT_COMPILER_FILE_LOCKS
# _LT_CHECK_OBJDIR
# ----------------
m4_defun([_LT_CHECK_OBJDIR],
[AC_CACHE_CHECK([for objdir], [lt_cv_objdir],
[rm -f .libs 2>/dev/null
mkdir .libs 2>/dev/null
if test -d .libs; then
lt_cv_objdir=.libs
else
# MS-DOS does not allow filenames that begin with a dot.
lt_cv_objdir=_libs
fi
rmdir .libs 2>/dev/null])
objdir=$lt_cv_objdir
_LT_DECL([], [objdir], [0],
[The name of the directory that contains temporary libtool files])dnl
m4_pattern_allow([LT_OBJDIR])dnl
AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED(LT_OBJDIR, "$lt_cv_objdir/",
[Define to the sub-directory in which libtool stores uninstalled libraries.])
])# _LT_CHECK_OBJDIR
# _LT_LINKER_HARDCODE_LIBPATH([TAGNAME])
# --------------------------------------
# Check hardcoding attributes.
m4_defun([_LT_LINKER_HARDCODE_LIBPATH],
[AC_MSG_CHECKING([how to hardcode library paths into programs])
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)=
if test -n "$_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)" ||
test -n "$_LT_TAGVAR(runpath_var, $1)" ||
test "X$_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)" = "Xyes" ; then
# We can hardcode non-existent directories.
if test "$_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)" != no &&
# If the only mechanism to avoid hardcoding is shlibpath_var, we
# have to relink, otherwise we might link with an installed library
# when we should be linking with a yet-to-be-installed one
## test "$_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)" != no &&
test "$_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)" != no; then
# Linking always hardcodes the temporary library directory.
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)=relink
else
# We can link without hardcoding, and we can hardcode nonexisting dirs.
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)=immediate
fi
else
# We cannot hardcode anything, or else we can only hardcode existing
# directories.
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)=unsupported
fi
AC_MSG_RESULT([$_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)])
if test "$_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)" = relink ||
test "$_LT_TAGVAR(inherit_rpath, $1)" = yes; then
# Fast installation is not supported
enable_fast_install=no
elif test "$shlibpath_overrides_runpath" = yes ||
test "$enable_shared" = no; then
# Fast installation is not necessary
enable_fast_install=needless
fi
_LT_TAGDECL([], [hardcode_action], [0],
[How to hardcode a shared library path into an executable])
])# _LT_LINKER_HARDCODE_LIBPATH
# _LT_CMD_STRIPLIB
# ----------------
m4_defun([_LT_CMD_STRIPLIB],
[m4_require([_LT_DECL_EGREP])
striplib=
old_striplib=
AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether stripping libraries is possible])
if test -n "$STRIP" && $STRIP -V 2>&1 | $GREP "GNU strip" >/dev/null; then
test -z "$old_striplib" && old_striplib="$STRIP --strip-debug"
test -z "$striplib" && striplib="$STRIP --strip-unneeded"
AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
else
# FIXME - insert some real tests, host_os isn't really good enough
case $host_os in
darwin*)
if test -n "$STRIP" ; then
striplib="$STRIP -x"
old_striplib="$STRIP -S"
AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
else
AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
fi
;;
*)
AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
;;
esac
fi
_LT_DECL([], [old_striplib], [1], [Commands to strip libraries])
_LT_DECL([], [striplib], [1])
])# _LT_CMD_STRIPLIB
# _LT_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER([TAG])
# -----------------------------
# PORTME Fill in your ld.so characteristics
m4_defun([_LT_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER],
[AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_EGREP])dnl
m4_require([_LT_FILEUTILS_DEFAULTS])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_OBJDUMP])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
AC_MSG_CHECKING([dynamic linker characteristics])
m4_if([$1],
[], [
if test "$GCC" = yes; then
case $host_os in
darwin*) lt_awk_arg="/^libraries:/,/LR/" ;;
*) lt_awk_arg="/^libraries:/" ;;
esac
lt_search_path_spec=`$CC -print-search-dirs | awk $lt_awk_arg | $SED -e "s/^libraries://" -e "s,=/,/,g"`
if $ECHO "$lt_search_path_spec" | $GREP ';' >/dev/null ; then
# if the path contains ";" then we assume it to be the separator
# otherwise default to the standard path separator (i.e. ":") - it is
# assumed that no part of a normal pathname contains ";" but that should
# okay in the real world where ";" in dirpaths is itself problematic.
lt_search_path_spec=`$ECHO "$lt_search_path_spec" | $SED -e 's/;/ /g'`
else
lt_search_path_spec=`$ECHO "$lt_search_path_spec" | $SED -e "s/$PATH_SEPARATOR/ /g"`
fi
# Ok, now we have the path, separated by spaces, we can step through it
# and add multilib dir if necessary.
lt_tmp_lt_search_path_spec=
lt_multi_os_dir=`$CC $CPPFLAGS $CFLAGS $LDFLAGS -print-multi-os-directory 2>/dev/null`
for lt_sys_path in $lt_search_path_spec; do
if test -d "$lt_sys_path/$lt_multi_os_dir"; then
lt_tmp_lt_search_path_spec="$lt_tmp_lt_search_path_spec $lt_sys_path/$lt_multi_os_dir"
else
test -d "$lt_sys_path" && \
lt_tmp_lt_search_path_spec="$lt_tmp_lt_search_path_spec $lt_sys_path"
fi
done
lt_search_path_spec=`$ECHO $lt_tmp_lt_search_path_spec | awk '
BEGIN {RS=" "; FS="/|\n";} {
lt_foo="";
lt_count=0;
for (lt_i = NF; lt_i > 0; lt_i--) {
if ($lt_i != "" && $lt_i != ".") {
if ($lt_i == "..") {
lt_count++;
} else {
if (lt_count == 0) {
lt_foo="/" $lt_i lt_foo;
} else {
lt_count--;
}
}
}
}
if (lt_foo != "") { lt_freq[[lt_foo]]++; }
if (lt_freq[[lt_foo]] == 1) { print lt_foo; }
}'`
sys_lib_search_path_spec=`$ECHO $lt_search_path_spec`
else
sys_lib_search_path_spec="/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib"
fi])
library_names_spec=
libname_spec='lib$name'
soname_spec=
shrext_cmds=".so"
postinstall_cmds=
postuninstall_cmds=
finish_cmds=
finish_eval=
shlibpath_var=
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=unknown
version_type=none
dynamic_linker="$host_os ld.so"
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/lib /usr/lib"
need_lib_prefix=unknown
hardcode_into_libs=no
# when you set need_version to no, make sure it does not cause -set_version
# flags to be left without arguments
need_version=unknown
case $host_os in
aix3*)
version_type=linux
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix $libname.a'
shlibpath_var=LIBPATH
# AIX 3 has no versioning support, so we append a major version to the name.
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
;;
aix[[4-9]]*)
version_type=linux
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
hardcode_into_libs=yes
if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
# AIX 5 supports IA64
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix $libname${shared_ext}'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
else
# With GCC up to 2.95.x, collect2 would create an import file
# for dependence libraries. The import file would start with
# the line `#! .'. This would cause the generated library to
# depend on `.', always an invalid library. This was fixed in
# development snapshots of GCC prior to 3.0.
case $host_os in
aix4 | aix4.[[01]] | aix4.[[01]].*)
if { echo '#if __GNUC__ > 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 97)'
echo ' yes '
echo '#endif'; } | ${CC} -E - | $GREP yes > /dev/null; then
:
else
can_build_shared=no
fi
;;
esac
# AIX (on Power*) has no versioning support, so currently we can not hardcode correct
# soname into executable. Probably we can add versioning support to
# collect2, so additional links can be useful in future.
if test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = yes; then
# If using run time linking (on AIX 4.2 or later) use lib.so
# instead of lib.a to let people know that these are not
# typical AIX shared libraries.
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
else
# We preserve .a as extension for shared libraries through AIX4.2
# and later when we are not doing run time linking.
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}.a $libname.a'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
fi
shlibpath_var=LIBPATH
fi
;;
amigaos*)
case $host_cpu in
powerpc)
# Since July 2007 AmigaOS4 officially supports .so libraries.
# When compiling the executable, add -use-dynld -Lsobjs: to the compileline.
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
;;
m68k)
library_names_spec='$libname.ixlibrary $libname.a'
# Create ${libname}_ixlibrary.a entries in /sys/libs.
finish_eval='for lib in `ls $libdir/*.ixlibrary 2>/dev/null`; do libname=`$ECHO "X$lib" | $Xsed -e '\''s%^.*/\([[^/]]*\)\.ixlibrary$%\1%'\''`; test $RM /sys/libs/${libname}_ixlibrary.a; $show "cd /sys/libs && $LN_S $lib ${libname}_ixlibrary.a"; cd /sys/libs && $LN_S $lib ${libname}_ixlibrary.a || exit 1; done'
;;
esac
;;
beos*)
library_names_spec='${libname}${shared_ext}'
dynamic_linker="$host_os ld.so"
shlibpath_var=LIBRARY_PATH
;;
bsdi[[45]]*)
version_type=linux
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig $libdir'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
sys_lib_search_path_spec="/shlib /usr/lib /usr/X11/lib /usr/contrib/lib /lib /usr/local/lib"
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/shlib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib"
# the default ld.so.conf also contains /usr/contrib/lib and
# /usr/X11R6/lib (/usr/X11 is a link to /usr/X11R6), but let us allow
# libtool to hard-code these into programs
;;
cygwin* | mingw* | pw32* | cegcc*)
version_type=windows
shrext_cmds=".dll"
need_version=no
need_lib_prefix=no
case $GCC,$host_os in
yes,cygwin* | yes,mingw* | yes,pw32* | yes,cegcc*)
library_names_spec='$libname.dll.a'
# DLL is installed to $(libdir)/../bin by postinstall_cmds
postinstall_cmds='base_file=`basename \${file}`~
dlpath=`$SHELL 2>&1 -c '\''. $dir/'\''\${base_file}'\''i; echo \$dlname'\''`~
dldir=$destdir/`dirname \$dlpath`~
test -d \$dldir || mkdir -p \$dldir~
$install_prog $dir/$dlname \$dldir/$dlname~
chmod a+x \$dldir/$dlname~
if test -n '\''$stripme'\'' && test -n '\''$striplib'\''; then
eval '\''$striplib \$dldir/$dlname'\'' || exit \$?;
fi'
postuninstall_cmds='dldll=`$SHELL 2>&1 -c '\''. $file; echo \$dlname'\''`~
dlpath=$dir/\$dldll~
$RM \$dlpath'
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
case $host_os in
cygwin*)
# Cygwin DLLs use 'cyg' prefix rather than 'lib'
soname_spec='`echo ${libname} | sed -e 's/^lib/cyg/'``echo ${release} | $SED -e 's/[[.]]/-/g'`${versuffix}${shared_ext}'
sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib /lib/w32api /lib /usr/local/lib"
;;
mingw* | cegcc*)
# MinGW DLLs use traditional 'lib' prefix
soname_spec='${libname}`echo ${release} | $SED -e 's/[[.]]/-/g'`${versuffix}${shared_ext}'
sys_lib_search_path_spec=`$CC -print-search-dirs | $GREP "^libraries:" | $SED -e "s/^libraries://" -e "s,=/,/,g"`
if $ECHO "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | [$GREP ';[c-zC-Z]:/' >/dev/null]; then
# It is most probably a Windows format PATH printed by
# mingw gcc, but we are running on Cygwin. Gcc prints its search
# path with ; separators, and with drive letters. We can handle the
# drive letters (cygwin fileutils understands them), so leave them,
# especially as we might pass files found there to a mingw objdump,
# which wouldn't understand a cygwinified path. Ahh.
sys_lib_search_path_spec=`$ECHO "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | $SED -e 's/;/ /g'`
else
sys_lib_search_path_spec=`$ECHO "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | $SED -e "s/$PATH_SEPARATOR/ /g"`
fi
;;
pw32*)
# pw32 DLLs use 'pw' prefix rather than 'lib'
library_names_spec='`echo ${libname} | sed -e 's/^lib/pw/'``echo ${release} | $SED -e 's/[[.]]/-/g'`${versuffix}${shared_ext}'
;;
esac
;;
*)
library_names_spec='${libname}`echo ${release} | $SED -e 's/[[.]]/-/g'`${versuffix}${shared_ext} $libname.lib'
;;
esac
dynamic_linker='Win32 ld.exe'
# FIXME: first we should search . and the directory the executable is in
shlibpath_var=PATH
;;
darwin* | rhapsody*)
dynamic_linker="$host_os dyld"
version_type=darwin
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${major}$shared_ext ${libname}$shared_ext'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${major}$shared_ext'
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
shlibpath_var=DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
shrext_cmds='`test .$module = .yes && echo .so || echo .dylib`'
m4_if([$1], [],[
sys_lib_search_path_spec="$sys_lib_search_path_spec /usr/local/lib"])
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec='/usr/local/lib /lib /usr/lib'
;;
dgux*)
version_type=linux
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname$shared_ext'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
;;
freebsd1*)
dynamic_linker=no
;;
freebsd* | dragonfly*)
# DragonFly does not have aout. When/if they implement a new
# versioning mechanism, adjust this.
if test -x /usr/bin/objformat; then
objformat=`/usr/bin/objformat`
else
case $host_os in
freebsd[[123]]*) objformat=aout ;;
*) objformat=elf ;;
esac
fi
version_type=freebsd-$objformat
case $version_type in
freebsd-elf*)
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext} $libname${shared_ext}'
need_version=no
need_lib_prefix=no
;;
freebsd-*)
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix $libname${shared_ext}$versuffix'
need_version=yes
;;
esac
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
case $host_os in
freebsd2*)
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
;;
freebsd3.[[01]]* | freebsdelf3.[[01]]*)
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
hardcode_into_libs=yes
;;
freebsd3.[[2-9]]* | freebsdelf3.[[2-9]]* | \
freebsd4.[[0-5]] | freebsdelf4.[[0-5]] | freebsd4.1.1 | freebsdelf4.1.1)
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
hardcode_into_libs=yes
;;
*) # from 4.6 on, and DragonFly
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
hardcode_into_libs=yes
;;
esac
;;
gnu*)
version_type=linux
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}${major} ${libname}${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
hardcode_into_libs=yes
;;
hpux9* | hpux10* | hpux11*)
# Give a soname corresponding to the major version so that dld.sl refuses to
# link against other versions.
version_type=sunos
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
case $host_cpu in
ia64*)
shrext_cmds='.so'
hardcode_into_libs=yes
dynamic_linker="$host_os dld.so"
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes # Unless +noenvvar is specified.
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
if test "X$HPUX_IA64_MODE" = X32; then
sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib/hpux32 /usr/local/lib/hpux32 /usr/local/lib"
else
sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib/hpux64 /usr/local/lib/hpux64"
fi
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec=$sys_lib_search_path_spec
;;
hppa*64*)
shrext_cmds='.sl'
hardcode_into_libs=yes
dynamic_linker="$host_os dld.sl"
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH # How should we handle SHLIB_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes # Unless +noenvvar is specified.
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib/pa20_64 /usr/ccs/lib/pa20_64"
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec=$sys_lib_search_path_spec
;;
*)
shrext_cmds='.sl'
dynamic_linker="$host_os dld.sl"
shlibpath_var=SHLIB_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no # +s is required to enable SHLIB_PATH
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
;;
esac
# HP-UX runs *really* slowly unless shared libraries are mode 555.
postinstall_cmds='chmod 555 $lib'
;;
interix[[3-9]]*)
version_type=linux
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
dynamic_linker='Interix 3.x ld.so.1 (PE, like ELF)'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
hardcode_into_libs=yes
;;
irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
case $host_os in
nonstopux*) version_type=nonstopux ;;
*)
if test "$lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld" = yes; then
version_type=linux
else
version_type=irix
fi ;;
esac
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${release}${shared_ext} $libname${shared_ext}'
case $host_os in
irix5* | nonstopux*)
libsuff= shlibsuff=
;;
*)
case $LD in # libtool.m4 will add one of these switches to LD
*-32|*"-32 "|*-melf32bsmip|*"-melf32bsmip ")
libsuff= shlibsuff= libmagic=32-bit;;
*-n32|*"-n32 "|*-melf32bmipn32|*"-melf32bmipn32 ")
libsuff=32 shlibsuff=N32 libmagic=N32;;
*-64|*"-64 "|*-melf64bmip|*"-melf64bmip ")
libsuff=64 shlibsuff=64 libmagic=64-bit;;
*) libsuff= shlibsuff= libmagic=never-match;;
esac
;;
esac
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY${shlibsuff}_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib${libsuff} /lib${libsuff} /usr/local/lib${libsuff}"
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/usr/lib${libsuff} /lib${libsuff}"
hardcode_into_libs=yes
;;
# No shared lib support for Linux oldld, aout, or coff.
linux*oldld* | linux*aout* | linux*coff*)
dynamic_linker=no
;;
# This must be Linux ELF.
linux* | k*bsd*-gnu | kopensolaris*-gnu)
version_type=linux
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -n $libdir'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
# Some binutils ld are patched to set DT_RUNPATH
save_LDFLAGS=$LDFLAGS
save_libdir=$libdir
eval "libdir=/foo; wl=\"$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)\"; \
LDFLAGS=\"\$LDFLAGS $_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)\""
AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([],[])],
[AS_IF([ ($OBJDUMP -p conftest$ac_exeext) 2>/dev/null | grep "RUNPATH.*$libdir" >/dev/null],
[shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes])])
LDFLAGS=$save_LDFLAGS
libdir=$save_libdir
# This implies no fast_install, which is unacceptable.
# Some rework will be needed to allow for fast_install
# before this can be enabled.
hardcode_into_libs=yes
# Append ld.so.conf contents to the search path
if test -f /etc/ld.so.conf; then
lt_ld_extra=`awk '/^include / { system(sprintf("cd /etc; cat %s 2>/dev/null", \[$]2)); skip = 1; } { if (!skip) print \[$]0; skip = 0; }' < /etc/ld.so.conf | $SED -e 's/#.*//;/^[ ]*hwcap[ ]/d;s/[:, ]/ /g;s/=[^=]*$//;s/=[^= ]* / /g;/^$/d' | tr '\n' ' '`
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/lib /usr/lib $lt_ld_extra"
fi
# We used to test for /lib/ld.so.1 and disable shared libraries on
# powerpc, because MkLinux only supported shared libraries with the
# GNU dynamic linker. Since this was broken with cross compilers,
# most powerpc-linux boxes support dynamic linking these days and
# people can always --disable-shared, the test was removed, and we
# assume the GNU/Linux dynamic linker is in use.
dynamic_linker='GNU/Linux ld.so'
;;
netbsdelf*-gnu)
version_type=linux
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
hardcode_into_libs=yes
dynamic_linker='NetBSD ld.elf_so'
;;
netbsd*)
version_type=sunos
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | $GREP __ELF__ >/dev/null; then
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${shared_ext}$versuffix'
finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -m $libdir'
dynamic_linker='NetBSD (a.out) ld.so'
else
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
dynamic_linker='NetBSD ld.elf_so'
fi
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
hardcode_into_libs=yes
;;
newsos6)
version_type=linux
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
;;
*nto* | *qnx*)
version_type=qnx
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
hardcode_into_libs=yes
dynamic_linker='ldqnx.so'
;;
openbsd*)
version_type=sunos
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/usr/lib"
need_lib_prefix=no
# Some older versions of OpenBSD (3.3 at least) *do* need versioned libs.
case $host_os in
openbsd3.3 | openbsd3.3.*) need_version=yes ;;
*) need_version=no ;;
esac
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${shared_ext}$versuffix'
finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -m $libdir'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
if test -z "`echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | $GREP __ELF__`" || test "$host_os-$host_cpu" = "openbsd2.8-powerpc"; then
case $host_os in
openbsd2.[[89]] | openbsd2.[[89]].*)
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
;;
*)
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
;;
esac
else
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
fi
;;
os2*)
libname_spec='$name'
shrext_cmds=".dll"
need_lib_prefix=no
library_names_spec='$libname${shared_ext} $libname.a'
dynamic_linker='OS/2 ld.exe'
shlibpath_var=LIBPATH
;;
osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
version_type=osf
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/shlib /usr/ccs/lib /usr/lib/cmplrs/cc /usr/lib /usr/local/lib /var/shlib"
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="$sys_lib_search_path_spec"
;;
rdos*)
dynamic_linker=no
;;
solaris*)
version_type=linux
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
hardcode_into_libs=yes
# ldd complains unless libraries are executable
postinstall_cmds='chmod +x $lib'
;;
sunos4*)
version_type=sunos
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${shared_ext}$versuffix'
finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/usr/etc" ldconfig $libdir'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
if test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
need_lib_prefix=no
fi
need_version=yes
;;
sysv4 | sysv4.3*)
version_type=linux
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
case $host_vendor in
sni)
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
need_lib_prefix=no
runpath_var=LD_RUN_PATH
;;
siemens)
need_lib_prefix=no
;;
motorola)
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
sys_lib_search_path_spec='/lib /usr/lib /usr/ccs/lib'
;;
esac
;;
sysv4*MP*)
if test -d /usr/nec ;then
version_type=linux
library_names_spec='$libname${shared_ext}.$versuffix $libname${shared_ext}.$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='$libname${shared_ext}.$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
fi
;;
sysv5* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | unixware* | OpenUNIX* | sysv4*uw2*)
version_type=freebsd-elf
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext} $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
hardcode_into_libs=yes
if test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
sys_lib_search_path_spec='/usr/local/lib /usr/gnu/lib /usr/ccs/lib /usr/lib /lib'
else
sys_lib_search_path_spec='/usr/ccs/lib /usr/lib'
case $host_os in
sco3.2v5*)
sys_lib_search_path_spec="$sys_lib_search_path_spec /lib"
;;
esac
fi
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec='/usr/lib'
;;
tpf*)
# TPF is a cross-target only. Preferred cross-host = GNU/Linux.
version_type=linux
need_lib_prefix=no
need_version=no
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
hardcode_into_libs=yes
;;
uts4*)
version_type=linux
library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
;;
*)
dynamic_linker=no
;;
esac
AC_MSG_RESULT([$dynamic_linker])
test "$dynamic_linker" = no && can_build_shared=no
variables_saved_for_relink="PATH $shlibpath_var $runpath_var"
if test "$GCC" = yes; then
variables_saved_for_relink="$variables_saved_for_relink GCC_EXEC_PREFIX COMPILER_PATH LIBRARY_PATH"
fi
if test "${lt_cv_sys_lib_search_path_spec+set}" = set; then
sys_lib_search_path_spec="$lt_cv_sys_lib_search_path_spec"
fi
if test "${lt_cv_sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec+set}" = set; then
sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="$lt_cv_sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec"
fi
_LT_DECL([], [variables_saved_for_relink], [1],
[Variables whose values should be saved in libtool wrapper scripts and
restored at link time])
_LT_DECL([], [need_lib_prefix], [0],
[Do we need the "lib" prefix for modules?])
_LT_DECL([], [need_version], [0], [Do we need a version for libraries?])
_LT_DECL([], [version_type], [0], [Library versioning type])
_LT_DECL([], [runpath_var], [0], [Shared library runtime path variable])
_LT_DECL([], [shlibpath_var], [0],[Shared library path variable])
_LT_DECL([], [shlibpath_overrides_runpath], [0],
[Is shlibpath searched before the hard-coded library search path?])
_LT_DECL([], [libname_spec], [1], [Format of library name prefix])
_LT_DECL([], [library_names_spec], [1],
[[List of archive names. First name is the real one, the rest are links.
The last name is the one that the linker finds with -lNAME]])
_LT_DECL([], [soname_spec], [1],
[[The coded name of the library, if different from the real name]])
_LT_DECL([], [postinstall_cmds], [2],
[Command to use after installation of a shared archive])
_LT_DECL([], [postuninstall_cmds], [2],
[Command to use after uninstallation of a shared archive])
_LT_DECL([], [finish_cmds], [2],
[Commands used to finish a libtool library installation in a directory])
_LT_DECL([], [finish_eval], [1],
[[As "finish_cmds", except a single script fragment to be evaled but
not shown]])
_LT_DECL([], [hardcode_into_libs], [0],
[Whether we should hardcode library paths into libraries])
_LT_DECL([], [sys_lib_search_path_spec], [2],
[Compile-time system search path for libraries])
_LT_DECL([], [sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec], [2],
[Run-time system search path for libraries])
])# _LT_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER
# _LT_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX(TOOL)
# --------------------------
# find a file program which can recognize shared library
AC_DEFUN([_LT_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX],
[m4_require([_LT_DECL_EGREP])dnl
AC_MSG_CHECKING([for $1])
AC_CACHE_VAL(lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD,
[case $MAGIC_CMD in
[[\\/*] | ?:[\\/]*])
lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD="$MAGIC_CMD" # Let the user override the test with a path.
;;
*)
lt_save_MAGIC_CMD="$MAGIC_CMD"
lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
dnl $ac_dummy forces splitting on constant user-supplied paths.
dnl POSIX.2 word splitting is done only on the output of word expansions,
dnl not every word. This closes a longstanding sh security hole.
ac_dummy="m4_if([$2], , $PATH, [$2])"
for ac_dir in $ac_dummy; do
IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
test -z "$ac_dir" && ac_dir=.
if test -f $ac_dir/$1; then
lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD="$ac_dir/$1"
if test -n "$file_magic_test_file"; then
case $deplibs_check_method in
"file_magic "*)
file_magic_regex=`expr "$deplibs_check_method" : "file_magic \(.*\)"`
MAGIC_CMD="$lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD"
if eval $file_magic_cmd \$file_magic_test_file 2> /dev/null |
$EGREP "$file_magic_regex" > /dev/null; then
:
else
cat <<_LT_EOF 1>&2
*** Warning: the command libtool uses to detect shared libraries,
*** $file_magic_cmd, produces output that libtool cannot recognize.
*** The result is that libtool may fail to recognize shared libraries
*** as such. This will affect the creation of libtool libraries that
*** depend on shared libraries, but programs linked with such libtool
*** libraries will work regardless of this problem. Nevertheless, you
*** may want to report the problem to your system manager and/or to
*** bug-libtool@gnu.org
_LT_EOF
fi ;;
esac
fi
break
fi
done
IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
MAGIC_CMD="$lt_save_MAGIC_CMD"
;;
esac])
MAGIC_CMD="$lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD"
if test -n "$MAGIC_CMD"; then
AC_MSG_RESULT($MAGIC_CMD)
else
AC_MSG_RESULT(no)
fi
_LT_DECL([], [MAGIC_CMD], [0],
[Used to examine libraries when file_magic_cmd begins with "file"])dnl
])# _LT_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX
# Old name:
AU_ALIAS([AC_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX], [_LT_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX])
dnl aclocal-1.4 backwards compatibility:
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX], [])
# _LT_PATH_MAGIC
# --------------
# find a file program which can recognize a shared library
m4_defun([_LT_PATH_MAGIC],
[_LT_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX(${ac_tool_prefix}file, /usr/bin$PATH_SEPARATOR$PATH)
if test -z "$lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD"; then
if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix"; then
_LT_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX(file, /usr/bin$PATH_SEPARATOR$PATH)
else
MAGIC_CMD=:
fi
fi
])# _LT_PATH_MAGIC
# LT_PATH_LD
# ----------
# find the pathname to the GNU or non-GNU linker
AC_DEFUN([LT_PATH_LD],
[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CC])dnl
AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])dnl
AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_BUILD])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_EGREP])dnl
AC_ARG_WITH([gnu-ld],
[AS_HELP_STRING([--with-gnu-ld],
[assume the C compiler uses GNU ld @<:@default=no@:>@])],
[test "$withval" = no || with_gnu_ld=yes],
[with_gnu_ld=no])dnl
ac_prog=ld
if test "$GCC" = yes; then
# Check if gcc -print-prog-name=ld gives a path.
AC_MSG_CHECKING([for ld used by $CC])
case $host in
*-*-mingw*)
# gcc leaves a trailing carriage return which upsets mingw
ac_prog=`($CC -print-prog-name=ld) 2>&5 | tr -d '\015'` ;;
*)
ac_prog=`($CC -print-prog-name=ld) 2>&5` ;;
esac
case $ac_prog in
# Accept absolute paths.
[[\\/]]* | ?:[[\\/]]*)
re_direlt='/[[^/]][[^/]]*/\.\./'
# Canonicalize the pathname of ld
ac_prog=`$ECHO "$ac_prog"| $SED 's%\\\\%/%g'`
while $ECHO "$ac_prog" | $GREP "$re_direlt" > /dev/null 2>&1; do
ac_prog=`$ECHO $ac_prog| $SED "s%$re_direlt%/%"`
done
test -z "$LD" && LD="$ac_prog"
;;
"")
# If it fails, then pretend we aren't using GCC.
ac_prog=ld
;;
*)
# If it is relative, then search for the first ld in PATH.
with_gnu_ld=unknown
;;
esac
elif test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
AC_MSG_CHECKING([for GNU ld])
else
AC_MSG_CHECKING([for non-GNU ld])
fi
AC_CACHE_VAL(lt_cv_path_LD,
[if test -z "$LD"; then
lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for ac_dir in $PATH; do
IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
test -z "$ac_dir" && ac_dir=.
if test -f "$ac_dir/$ac_prog" || test -f "$ac_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exeext"; then
lt_cv_path_LD="$ac_dir/$ac_prog"
# Check to see if the program is GNU ld. I'd rather use --version,
# but apparently some variants of GNU ld only accept -v.
# Break only if it was the GNU/non-GNU ld that we prefer.
case `"$lt_cv_path_LD" -v 2>&1 &1 /dev/null 2>&1; then
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ^x86 archive import|^x86 DLL'
lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='func_win32_libid'
else
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic file format pei*-i386(.*architecture: i386)?'
lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='$OBJDUMP -f'
fi
;;
cegcc)
# use the weaker test based on 'objdump'. See mingw*.
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic file format pe-arm-.*little(.*architecture: arm)?'
lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='$OBJDUMP -f'
;;
darwin* | rhapsody*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
freebsd* | dragonfly*)
if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | $GREP __ELF__ > /dev/null; then
case $host_cpu in
i*86 )
# Not sure whether the presence of OpenBSD here was a mistake.
# Let's accept both of them until this is cleared up.
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic (FreeBSD|OpenBSD|DragonFly)/i[[3-9]]86 (compact )?demand paged shared library'
lt_cv_file_magic_cmd=/usr/bin/file
lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=`echo /usr/lib/libc.so.*`
;;
esac
else
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
fi
;;
gnu*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
hpux10.20* | hpux11*)
lt_cv_file_magic_cmd=/usr/bin/file
case $host_cpu in
ia64*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic (s[[0-9]][[0-9]][[0-9]]|ELF-[[0-9]][[0-9]]) shared object file - IA64'
lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/usr/lib/hpux32/libc.so
;;
hppa*64*)
[lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic (s[0-9][0-9][0-9]|ELF-[0-9][0-9]) shared object file - PA-RISC [0-9].[0-9]']
lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/usr/lib/pa20_64/libc.sl
;;
*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic (s[[0-9]][[0-9]][[0-9]]|PA-RISC[[0-9]].[[0-9]]) shared library'
lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/usr/lib/libc.sl
;;
esac
;;
interix[[3-9]]*)
# PIC code is broken on Interix 3.x, that's why |\.a not |_pic\.a here
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so|\.a)$'
;;
irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
case $LD in
*-32|*"-32 ") libmagic=32-bit;;
*-n32|*"-n32 ") libmagic=N32;;
*-64|*"-64 ") libmagic=64-bit;;
*) libmagic=never-match;;
esac
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
# This must be Linux ELF.
linux* | k*bsd*-gnu | kopensolaris*-gnu)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
netbsd* | netbsdelf*-gnu)
if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | $GREP __ELF__ > /dev/null; then
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so\.[[0-9]]+\.[[0-9]]+|_pic\.a)$'
else
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so|_pic\.a)$'
fi
;;
newos6*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[ML]]SB (executable|dynamic lib)'
lt_cv_file_magic_cmd=/usr/bin/file
lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/usr/lib/libnls.so
;;
*nto* | *qnx*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
openbsd*)
if test -z "`echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | $GREP __ELF__`" || test "$host_os-$host_cpu" = "openbsd2.8-powerpc"; then
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so\.[[0-9]]+\.[[0-9]]+|\.so|_pic\.a)$'
else
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so\.[[0-9]]+\.[[0-9]]+|_pic\.a)$'
fi
;;
osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
rdos*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
solaris*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
sysv5* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | unixware* | OpenUNIX* | sysv4*uw2*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
sysv4 | sysv4.3*)
case $host_vendor in
motorola)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[ML]]SB (shared object|dynamic lib) M[[0-9]][[0-9]]* Version [[0-9]]'
lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=`echo /usr/lib/libc.so*`
;;
ncr)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
sequent)
lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='/bin/file'
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[LM]]SB (shared object|dynamic lib )'
;;
sni)
lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='/bin/file'
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method="file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[LM]]SB dynamic lib"
lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/lib/libc.so
;;
siemens)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
pc)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
esac
;;
tpf*)
lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
;;
esac
])
file_magic_cmd=$lt_cv_file_magic_cmd
deplibs_check_method=$lt_cv_deplibs_check_method
test -z "$deplibs_check_method" && deplibs_check_method=unknown
_LT_DECL([], [deplibs_check_method], [1],
[Method to check whether dependent libraries are shared objects])
_LT_DECL([], [file_magic_cmd], [1],
[Command to use when deplibs_check_method == "file_magic"])
])# _LT_CHECK_MAGIC_METHOD
# LT_PATH_NM
# ----------
# find the pathname to a BSD- or MS-compatible name lister
AC_DEFUN([LT_PATH_NM],
[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CC])dnl
AC_CACHE_CHECK([for BSD- or MS-compatible name lister (nm)], lt_cv_path_NM,
[if test -n "$NM"; then
# Let the user override the test.
lt_cv_path_NM="$NM"
else
lt_nm_to_check="${ac_tool_prefix}nm"
if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix" && test "$build" = "$host"; then
lt_nm_to_check="$lt_nm_to_check nm"
fi
for lt_tmp_nm in $lt_nm_to_check; do
lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for ac_dir in $PATH /usr/ccs/bin/elf /usr/ccs/bin /usr/ucb /bin; do
IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
test -z "$ac_dir" && ac_dir=.
tmp_nm="$ac_dir/$lt_tmp_nm"
if test -f "$tmp_nm" || test -f "$tmp_nm$ac_exeext" ; then
# Check to see if the nm accepts a BSD-compat flag.
# Adding the `sed 1q' prevents false positives on HP-UX, which says:
# nm: unknown option "B" ignored
# Tru64's nm complains that /dev/null is an invalid object file
case `"$tmp_nm" -B /dev/null 2>&1 | sed '1q'` in
*/dev/null* | *'Invalid file or object type'*)
lt_cv_path_NM="$tmp_nm -B"
break
;;
*)
case `"$tmp_nm" -p /dev/null 2>&1 | sed '1q'` in
*/dev/null*)
lt_cv_path_NM="$tmp_nm -p"
break
;;
*)
lt_cv_path_NM=${lt_cv_path_NM="$tmp_nm"} # keep the first match, but
continue # so that we can try to find one that supports BSD flags
;;
esac
;;
esac
fi
done
IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
done
: ${lt_cv_path_NM=no}
fi])
if test "$lt_cv_path_NM" != "no"; then
NM="$lt_cv_path_NM"
else
# Didn't find any BSD compatible name lister, look for dumpbin.
AC_CHECK_TOOLS(DUMPBIN, ["dumpbin -symbols" "link -dump -symbols"], :)
AC_SUBST([DUMPBIN])
if test "$DUMPBIN" != ":"; then
NM="$DUMPBIN"
fi
fi
test -z "$NM" && NM=nm
AC_SUBST([NM])
_LT_DECL([], [NM], [1], [A BSD- or MS-compatible name lister])dnl
AC_CACHE_CHECK([the name lister ($NM) interface], [lt_cv_nm_interface],
[lt_cv_nm_interface="BSD nm"
echo "int some_variable = 0;" > conftest.$ac_ext
(eval echo "\"\$as_me:__oline__: $ac_compile\"" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD)
(eval "$ac_compile" 2>conftest.err)
cat conftest.err >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
(eval echo "\"\$as_me:__oline__: $NM \\\"conftest.$ac_objext\\\"\"" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD)
(eval "$NM \"conftest.$ac_objext\"" 2>conftest.err > conftest.out)
cat conftest.err >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
(eval echo "\"\$as_me:__oline__: output\"" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD)
cat conftest.out >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
if $GREP 'External.*some_variable' conftest.out > /dev/null; then
lt_cv_nm_interface="MS dumpbin"
fi
rm -f conftest*])
])# LT_PATH_NM
# Old names:
AU_ALIAS([AM_PROG_NM], [LT_PATH_NM])
AU_ALIAS([AC_PROG_NM], [LT_PATH_NM])
dnl aclocal-1.4 backwards compatibility:
dnl AC_DEFUN([AM_PROG_NM], [])
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_PROG_NM], [])
# LT_LIB_M
# --------
# check for math library
AC_DEFUN([LT_LIB_M],
[AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])dnl
LIBM=
case $host in
*-*-beos* | *-*-cygwin* | *-*-pw32* | *-*-darwin*)
# These system don't have libm, or don't need it
;;
*-ncr-sysv4.3*)
AC_CHECK_LIB(mw, _mwvalidcheckl, LIBM="-lmw")
AC_CHECK_LIB(m, cos, LIBM="$LIBM -lm")
;;
*)
AC_CHECK_LIB(m, cos, LIBM="-lm")
;;
esac
AC_SUBST([LIBM])
])# LT_LIB_M
# Old name:
AU_ALIAS([AC_CHECK_LIBM], [LT_LIB_M])
dnl aclocal-1.4 backwards compatibility:
dnl AC_DEFUN([AC_CHECK_LIBM], [])
# _LT_COMPILER_NO_RTTI([TAGNAME])
# -------------------------------
m4_defun([_LT_COMPILER_NO_RTTI],
[m4_require([_LT_TAG_COMPILER])dnl
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)=
if test "$GCC" = yes; then
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)=' -fno-builtin'
_LT_COMPILER_OPTION([if $compiler supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions],
lt_cv_prog_compiler_rtti_exceptions,
[-fno-rtti -fno-exceptions], [],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)="$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions"])
fi
_LT_TAGDECL([no_builtin_flag], [lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag], [1],
[Compiler flag to turn off builtin functions])
])# _LT_COMPILER_NO_RTTI
# _LT_CMD_GLOBAL_SYMBOLS
# ----------------------
m4_defun([_LT_CMD_GLOBAL_SYMBOLS],
[AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])dnl
AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CC])dnl
AC_REQUIRE([LT_PATH_NM])dnl
AC_REQUIRE([LT_PATH_LD])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_EGREP])dnl
m4_require([_LT_TAG_COMPILER])dnl
# Check for command to grab the raw symbol name followed by C symbol from nm.
AC_MSG_CHECKING([command to parse $NM output from $compiler object])
AC_CACHE_VAL([lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe],
[
# These are sane defaults that work on at least a few old systems.
# [They come from Ultrix. What could be older than Ultrix?!! ;)]
# Character class describing NM global symbol codes.
symcode='[[BCDEGRST]]'
# Regexp to match symbols that can be accessed directly from C.
sympat='\([[_A-Za-z]][[_A-Za-z0-9]]*\)'
# Define system-specific variables.
case $host_os in
aix*)
symcode='[[BCDT]]'
;;
cygwin* | mingw* | pw32* | cegcc*)
symcode='[[ABCDGISTW]]'
;;
hpux*)
if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
symcode='[[ABCDEGRST]]'
fi
;;
irix* | nonstopux*)
symcode='[[BCDEGRST]]'
;;
osf*)
symcode='[[BCDEGQRST]]'
;;
solaris*)
symcode='[[BDRT]]'
;;
sco3.2v5*)
symcode='[[DT]]'
;;
sysv4.2uw2*)
symcode='[[DT]]'
;;
sysv5* | sco5v6* | unixware* | OpenUNIX*)
symcode='[[ABDT]]'
;;
sysv4)
symcode='[[DFNSTU]]'
;;
esac
# If we're using GNU nm, then use its standard symbol codes.
case `$NM -V 2>&1` in
*GNU* | *'with BFD'*)
symcode='[[ABCDGIRSTW]]' ;;
esac
# Transform an extracted symbol line into a proper C declaration.
# Some systems (esp. on ia64) link data and code symbols differently,
# so use this general approach.
lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl="sed -n -e 's/^T .* \(.*\)$/extern int \1();/p' -e 's/^$symcode* .* \(.*\)$/extern char \1;/p'"
# Transform an extracted symbol line into symbol name and symbol address
lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address="sed -n -e 's/^: \([[^ ]]*\) $/ {\\\"\1\\\", (void *) 0},/p' -e 's/^$symcode* \([[^ ]]*\) \([[^ ]]*\)$/ {\"\2\", (void *) \&\2},/p'"
lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address_lib_prefix="sed -n -e 's/^: \([[^ ]]*\) $/ {\\\"\1\\\", (void *) 0},/p' -e 's/^$symcode* \([[^ ]]*\) \(lib[[^ ]]*\)$/ {\"\2\", (void *) \&\2},/p' -e 's/^$symcode* \([[^ ]]*\) \([[^ ]]*\)$/ {\"lib\2\", (void *) \&\2},/p'"
# Handle CRLF in mingw tool chain
opt_cr=
case $build_os in
mingw*)
opt_cr=`$ECHO 'x\{0,1\}' | tr x '\015'` # option cr in regexp
;;
esac
# Try without a prefix underscore, then with it.
for ac_symprfx in "" "_"; do
# Transform symcode, sympat, and symprfx into a raw symbol and a C symbol.
symxfrm="\\1 $ac_symprfx\\2 \\2"
# Write the raw and C identifiers.
if test "$lt_cv_nm_interface" = "MS dumpbin"; then
# Fake it for dumpbin and say T for any non-static function
# and D for any global variable.
# Also find C++ and __fastcall symbols from MSVC++,
# which start with @ or ?.
lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe="$AWK ['"\
" {last_section=section; section=\$ 3};"\
" /Section length .*#relocs.*(pick any)/{hide[last_section]=1};"\
" \$ 0!~/External *\|/{next};"\
" / 0+ UNDEF /{next}; / UNDEF \([^|]\)*()/{next};"\
" {if(hide[section]) next};"\
" {f=0}; \$ 0~/\(\).*\|/{f=1}; {printf f ? \"T \" : \"D \"};"\
" {split(\$ 0, a, /\||\r/); split(a[2], s)};"\
" s[1]~/^[@?]/{print s[1], s[1]; next};"\
" s[1]~prfx {split(s[1],t,\"@\"); print t[1], substr(t[1],length(prfx))}"\
" ' prfx=^$ac_symprfx]"
else
lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe="sed -n -e 's/^.*[[ ]]\($symcode$symcode*\)[[ ]][[ ]]*$ac_symprfx$sympat$opt_cr$/$symxfrm/p'"
fi
# Check to see that the pipe works correctly.
pipe_works=no
rm -f conftest*
cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<_LT_EOF
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
char nm_test_var;
void nm_test_func(void);
void nm_test_func(void){}
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
int main(){nm_test_var='a';nm_test_func();return(0);}
_LT_EOF
if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
# Now try to grab the symbols.
nlist=conftest.nm
if AC_TRY_EVAL(NM conftest.$ac_objext \| $lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe \> $nlist) && test -s "$nlist"; then
# Try sorting and uniquifying the output.
if sort "$nlist" | uniq > "$nlist"T; then
mv -f "$nlist"T "$nlist"
else
rm -f "$nlist"T
fi
# Make sure that we snagged all the symbols we need.
if $GREP ' nm_test_var$' "$nlist" >/dev/null; then
if $GREP ' nm_test_func$' "$nlist" >/dev/null; then
cat <<_LT_EOF > conftest.$ac_ext
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
_LT_EOF
# Now generate the symbol file.
eval "$lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl"' < "$nlist" | $GREP -v main >> conftest.$ac_ext'
cat <<_LT_EOF >> conftest.$ac_ext
/* The mapping between symbol names and symbols. */
const struct {
const char *name;
void *address;
}
lt__PROGRAM__LTX_preloaded_symbols[[]] =
{
{ "@PROGRAM@", (void *) 0 },
_LT_EOF
$SED "s/^$symcode$symcode* \(.*\) \(.*\)$/ {\"\2\", (void *) \&\2},/" < "$nlist" | $GREP -v main >> conftest.$ac_ext
cat <<\_LT_EOF >> conftest.$ac_ext
{0, (void *) 0}
};
/* This works around a problem in FreeBSD linker */
#ifdef FREEBSD_WORKAROUND
static const void *lt_preloaded_setup() {
return lt__PROGRAM__LTX_preloaded_symbols;
}
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
_LT_EOF
# Now try linking the two files.
mv conftest.$ac_objext conftstm.$ac_objext
lt_save_LIBS="$LIBS"
lt_save_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
LIBS="conftstm.$ac_objext"
CFLAGS="$CFLAGS$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)"
if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_link) && test -s conftest${ac_exeext}; then
pipe_works=yes
fi
LIBS="$lt_save_LIBS"
CFLAGS="$lt_save_CFLAGS"
else
echo "cannot find nm_test_func in $nlist" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
fi
else
echo "cannot find nm_test_var in $nlist" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
fi
else
echo "cannot run $lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
fi
else
echo "$progname: failed program was:" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
cat conftest.$ac_ext >&5
fi
rm -rf conftest* conftst*
# Do not use the global_symbol_pipe unless it works.
if test "$pipe_works" = yes; then
break
else
lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe=
fi
done
])
if test -z "$lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe"; then
lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl=
fi
if test -z "$lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe$lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl"; then
AC_MSG_RESULT(failed)
else
AC_MSG_RESULT(ok)
fi
_LT_DECL([global_symbol_pipe], [lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe], [1],
[Take the output of nm and produce a listing of raw symbols and C names])
_LT_DECL([global_symbol_to_cdecl], [lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl], [1],
[Transform the output of nm in a proper C declaration])
_LT_DECL([global_symbol_to_c_name_address],
[lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address], [1],
[Transform the output of nm in a C name address pair])
_LT_DECL([global_symbol_to_c_name_address_lib_prefix],
[lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address_lib_prefix], [1],
[Transform the output of nm in a C name address pair when lib prefix is needed])
]) # _LT_CMD_GLOBAL_SYMBOLS
# _LT_COMPILER_PIC([TAGNAME])
# ---------------------------
m4_defun([_LT_COMPILER_PIC],
[m4_require([_LT_TAG_COMPILER])dnl
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)=
AC_MSG_CHECKING([for $compiler option to produce PIC])
m4_if([$1], [CXX], [
# C++ specific cases for pic, static, wl, etc.
if test "$GXX" = yes; then
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
case $host_os in
aix*)
# All AIX code is PIC.
if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
# AIX 5 now supports IA64 processor
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
fi
;;
amigaos*)
case $host_cpu in
powerpc)
# see comment about AmigaOS4 .so support
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
;;
m68k)
# FIXME: we need at least 68020 code to build shared libraries, but
# adding the `-m68020' flag to GCC prevents building anything better,
# like `-m68040'.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-m68020 -resident32 -malways-restore-a4'
;;
esac
;;
beos* | irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux* | osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
# PIC is the default for these OSes.
;;
mingw* | cygwin* | os2* | pw32* | cegcc*)
# This hack is so that the source file can tell whether it is being
# built for inclusion in a dll (and should export symbols for example).
# Although the cygwin gcc ignores -fPIC, still need this for old-style
# (--disable-auto-import) libraries
m4_if([$1], [GCJ], [],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-DDLL_EXPORT'])
;;
darwin* | rhapsody*)
# PIC is the default on this platform
# Common symbols not allowed in MH_DYLIB files
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fno-common'
;;
*djgpp*)
# DJGPP does not support shared libraries at all
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
;;
interix[[3-9]]*)
# Interix 3.x gcc -fpic/-fPIC options generate broken code.
# Instead, we relocate shared libraries at runtime.
;;
sysv4*MP*)
if test -d /usr/nec; then
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=-Kconform_pic
fi
;;
hpux*)
# PIC is the default for 64-bit PA HP-UX, but not for 32-bit
# PA HP-UX. On IA64 HP-UX, PIC is the default but the pic flag
# sets the default TLS model and affects inlining.
case $host_cpu in
hppa*64*)
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
;;
esac
;;
*qnx* | *nto*)
# QNX uses GNU C++, but need to define -shared option too, otherwise
# it will coredump.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC -shared'
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
;;
esac
else
case $host_os in
aix[[4-9]]*)
# All AIX code is PIC.
if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
# AIX 5 now supports IA64 processor
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
else
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-bnso -bI:/lib/syscalls.exp'
fi
;;
chorus*)
case $cc_basename in
cxch68*)
# Green Hills C++ Compiler
# _LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)="--no_auto_instantiation -u __main -u __premain -u _abort -r $COOL_DIR/lib/libOrb.a $MVME_DIR/lib/CC/libC.a $MVME_DIR/lib/classix/libcx.s.a"
;;
esac
;;
dgux*)
case $cc_basename in
ec++*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
;;
ghcx*)
# Green Hills C++ Compiler
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
;;
*)
;;
esac
;;
freebsd* | dragonfly*)
# FreeBSD uses GNU C++
;;
hpux9* | hpux10* | hpux11*)
case $cc_basename in
CC*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='${wl}-a ${wl}archive'
if test "$host_cpu" != ia64; then
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='+Z'
fi
;;
aCC*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='${wl}-a ${wl}archive'
case $host_cpu in
hppa*64*|ia64*)
# +Z the default
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='+Z'
;;
esac
;;
*)
;;
esac
;;
interix*)
# This is c89, which is MS Visual C++ (no shared libs)
# Anyone wants to do a port?
;;
irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
case $cc_basename in
CC*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
# CC pic flag -KPIC is the default.
;;
*)
;;
esac
;;
linux* | k*bsd*-gnu | kopensolaris*-gnu)
case $cc_basename in
KCC*)
# KAI C++ Compiler
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='--backend -Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
;;
ecpc* )
# old Intel C++ for x86_64 which still supported -KPIC.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
;;
icpc* )
# Intel C++, used to be incompatible with GCC.
# ICC 10 doesn't accept -KPIC any more.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
;;
pgCC* | pgcpp*)
# Portland Group C++ compiler
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fpic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
cxx*)
# Compaq C++
# Make sure the PIC flag is empty. It appears that all Alpha
# Linux and Compaq Tru64 Unix objects are PIC.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
;;
xlc* | xlC*)
# IBM XL 8.0 on PPC
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-qpic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-qstaticlink'
;;
*)
case `$CC -V 2>&1 | sed 5q` in
*Sun\ C*)
# Sun C++ 5.9
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Qoption ld '
;;
esac
;;
esac
;;
lynxos*)
;;
m88k*)
;;
mvs*)
case $cc_basename in
cxx*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-W c,exportall'
;;
*)
;;
esac
;;
netbsd* | netbsdelf*-gnu)
;;
*qnx* | *nto*)
# QNX uses GNU C++, but need to define -shared option too, otherwise
# it will coredump.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC -shared'
;;
osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
case $cc_basename in
KCC*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='--backend -Wl,'
;;
RCC*)
# Rational C++ 2.4.1
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
;;
cxx*)
# Digital/Compaq C++
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
# Make sure the PIC flag is empty. It appears that all Alpha
# Linux and Compaq Tru64 Unix objects are PIC.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
;;
*)
;;
esac
;;
psos*)
;;
solaris*)
case $cc_basename in
CC*)
# Sun C++ 4.2, 5.x and Centerline C++
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Qoption ld '
;;
gcx*)
# Green Hills C++ Compiler
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-PIC'
;;
*)
;;
esac
;;
sunos4*)
case $cc_basename in
CC*)
# Sun C++ 4.x
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
lcc*)
# Lucid
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
;;
*)
;;
esac
;;
sysv5* | unixware* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | OpenUNIX*)
case $cc_basename in
CC*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
esac
;;
tandem*)
case $cc_basename in
NCC*)
# NonStop-UX NCC 3.20
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
;;
*)
;;
esac
;;
vxworks*)
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no
;;
esac
fi
],
[
if test "$GCC" = yes; then
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
case $host_os in
aix*)
# All AIX code is PIC.
if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
# AIX 5 now supports IA64 processor
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
fi
;;
amigaos*)
case $host_cpu in
powerpc)
# see comment about AmigaOS4 .so support
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
;;
m68k)
# FIXME: we need at least 68020 code to build shared libraries, but
# adding the `-m68020' flag to GCC prevents building anything better,
# like `-m68040'.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-m68020 -resident32 -malways-restore-a4'
;;
esac
;;
beos* | irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux* | osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
# PIC is the default for these OSes.
;;
mingw* | cygwin* | pw32* | os2* | cegcc*)
# This hack is so that the source file can tell whether it is being
# built for inclusion in a dll (and should export symbols for example).
# Although the cygwin gcc ignores -fPIC, still need this for old-style
# (--disable-auto-import) libraries
m4_if([$1], [GCJ], [],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-DDLL_EXPORT'])
;;
darwin* | rhapsody*)
# PIC is the default on this platform
# Common symbols not allowed in MH_DYLIB files
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fno-common'
;;
hpux*)
# PIC is the default for 64-bit PA HP-UX, but not for 32-bit
# PA HP-UX. On IA64 HP-UX, PIC is the default but the pic flag
# sets the default TLS model and affects inlining.
case $host_cpu in
hppa*64*)
# +Z the default
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
;;
esac
;;
interix[[3-9]]*)
# Interix 3.x gcc -fpic/-fPIC options generate broken code.
# Instead, we relocate shared libraries at runtime.
;;
msdosdjgpp*)
# Just because we use GCC doesn't mean we suddenly get shared libraries
# on systems that don't support them.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no
enable_shared=no
;;
*nto* | *qnx*)
# QNX uses GNU C++, but need to define -shared option too, otherwise
# it will coredump.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC -shared'
;;
sysv4*MP*)
if test -d /usr/nec; then
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=-Kconform_pic
fi
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
;;
esac
else
# PORTME Check for flag to pass linker flags through the system compiler.
case $host_os in
aix*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
# AIX 5 now supports IA64 processor
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
else
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-bnso -bI:/lib/syscalls.exp'
fi
;;
mingw* | cygwin* | pw32* | os2* | cegcc*)
# This hack is so that the source file can tell whether it is being
# built for inclusion in a dll (and should export symbols for example).
m4_if([$1], [GCJ], [],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-DDLL_EXPORT'])
;;
hpux9* | hpux10* | hpux11*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
# PIC is the default for IA64 HP-UX and 64-bit HP-UX, but
# not for PA HP-UX.
case $host_cpu in
hppa*64*|ia64*)
# +Z the default
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='+Z'
;;
esac
# Is there a better lt_prog_compiler_static that works with the bundled CC?
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='${wl}-a ${wl}archive'
;;
irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
# PIC (with -KPIC) is the default.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
;;
linux* | k*bsd*-gnu | kopensolaris*-gnu)
case $cc_basename in
# old Intel for x86_64 which still supported -KPIC.
ecc*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
;;
# icc used to be incompatible with GCC.
# ICC 10 doesn't accept -KPIC any more.
icc* | ifort*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
;;
# Lahey Fortran 8.1.
lf95*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='--shared'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='--static'
;;
pgcc* | pgf77* | pgf90* | pgf95*)
# Portland Group compilers (*not* the Pentium gcc compiler,
# which looks to be a dead project)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fpic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
ccc*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
# All Alpha code is PIC.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
;;
xl*)
# IBM XL C 8.0/Fortran 10.1 on PPC
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-qpic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-qstaticlink'
;;
*)
case `$CC -V 2>&1 | sed 5q` in
*Sun\ C*)
# Sun C 5.9
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
;;
*Sun\ F*)
# Sun Fortran 8.3 passes all unrecognized flags to the linker
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)=''
;;
esac
;;
esac
;;
newsos6)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
*nto* | *qnx*)
# QNX uses GNU C++, but need to define -shared option too, otherwise
# it will coredump.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC -shared'
;;
osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
# All OSF/1 code is PIC.
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
;;
rdos*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
;;
solaris*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
case $cc_basename in
f77* | f90* | f95*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Qoption ld ';;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,';;
esac
;;
sunos4*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Qoption ld '
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-PIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
sysv4 | sysv4.2uw2* | sysv4.3*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
sysv4*MP*)
if test -d /usr/nec ;then
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-Kconform_pic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
fi
;;
sysv5* | unixware* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | OpenUNIX*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
unicos*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no
;;
uts4*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no
;;
esac
fi
])
case $host_os in
# For platforms which do not support PIC, -DPIC is meaningless:
*djgpp*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)="$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)@&t@m4_if([$1],[],[ -DPIC],[m4_if([$1],[CXX],[ -DPIC],[])])"
;;
esac
AC_MSG_RESULT([$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)])
_LT_TAGDECL([wl], [lt_prog_compiler_wl], [1],
[How to pass a linker flag through the compiler])
#
# Check to make sure the PIC flag actually works.
#
if test -n "$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)"; then
_LT_COMPILER_OPTION([if $compiler PIC flag $_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1) works],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_pic_works, $1)],
[$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)@&t@m4_if([$1],[],[ -DPIC],[m4_if([$1],[CXX],[ -DPIC],[])])], [],
[case $_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1) in
"" | " "*) ;;
*) _LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=" $_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)" ;;
esac],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no])
fi
_LT_TAGDECL([pic_flag], [lt_prog_compiler_pic], [1],
[Additional compiler flags for building library objects])
#
# Check to make sure the static flag actually works.
#
wl=$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1) eval lt_tmp_static_flag=\"$_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)\"
_LT_LINKER_OPTION([if $compiler static flag $lt_tmp_static_flag works],
_LT_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_static_works, $1),
$lt_tmp_static_flag,
[],
[_LT_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)=])
_LT_TAGDECL([link_static_flag], [lt_prog_compiler_static], [1],
[Compiler flag to prevent dynamic linking])
])# _LT_COMPILER_PIC
# _LT_LINKER_SHLIBS([TAGNAME])
# ----------------------------
# See if the linker supports building shared libraries.
m4_defun([_LT_LINKER_SHLIBS],
[AC_REQUIRE([LT_PATH_LD])dnl
AC_REQUIRE([LT_PATH_NM])dnl
m4_require([_LT_FILEUTILS_DEFAULTS])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_EGREP])dnl
m4_require([_LT_DECL_SED])dnl
m4_require([_LT_CMD_GLOBAL_SYMBOLS])dnl
m4_require([_LT_TAG_COMPILER])dnl
AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether the $compiler linker ($LD) supports shared libraries])
m4_if([$1], [CXX], [
_LT_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED '\''s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
case $host_os in
aix[[4-9]]*)
# If we're using GNU nm, then we don't want the "-C" option.
# -C means demangle to AIX nm, but means don't demangle with GNU nm
if $NM -V 2>&1 | $GREP 'GNU' > /dev/null; then
_LT_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM -Bpg $libobjs $convenience | awk '\''{ if (((\$ 2 == "T") || (\$ 2 == "D") || (\$ 2 == "B")) && ([substr](\$ 3,1,1) != ".")) { print \$ 3 } }'\'' | sort -u > $export_symbols'
else
_LT_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM -BCpg $libobjs $convenience | awk '\''{ if (((\$ 2 == "T") || (\$ 2 == "D") || (\$ 2 == "B")) && ([substr](\$ 3,1,1) != ".")) { print \$ 3 } }'\'' | sort -u > $export_symbols'
fi
;;
pw32*)
_LT_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)="$ltdll_cmds"
;;
cygwin* | mingw* | cegcc*)
_LT_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED -e '\''/^[[BCDGRS]][[ ]]/s/.*[[ ]]\([[^ ]]*\)/\1 DATA/;/^.*[[ ]]__nm__/s/^.*[[ ]]__nm__\([[^ ]]*\)[[ ]][[^ ]]*/\1 DATA/;/^I[[ ]]/d;/^[[AITW]][[ ]]/s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
;;
linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
_LT_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=no
;;
*)
_LT_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED '\''s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
;;
esac
_LT_TAGVAR(exclude_expsyms, $1)=['_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_|_GLOBAL__F[ID]_.*']
], [
runpath_var=
_LT_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(compiler_needs_object, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED '\''s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct_absolute, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=unsupported
_LT_TAGVAR(inherit_rpath, $1)=no
_LT_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=unknown
_LT_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_new_cmds, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_expsyms_cmds, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(thread_safe_flag_spec, $1)=
_LT_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=
# include_expsyms should be a list of space-separated symbols to be *always*
# included in the symbol list
_LT_TAGVAR(include_expsyms, $1)=
# exclude_expsyms can be an extended regexp of symbols to exclude
# it will be wrapped by ` (' and `)$', so one must not match beginning or
# end of line. Example: `a|bc|.*d.*' will exclude the symbols `a' and `bc',
# as well as any symbol that contains `d'.
_LT_TAGVAR(exclude_expsyms, $1)=['_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_|_GLOBAL__F[ID]_.*']
# Although _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_ is a valid symbol C name, most a.out
# platforms (ab)use it in PIC code, but their linkers get confused if
# the symbol is explicitly referenced. Since portable code cannot
# rely on this symbol name, it's probably fine to never include it in
# preloaded symbol tables.
# Exclude shared library initialization/finalization symbols.
dnl Note also adjust exclude_expsyms for C++ above.
extract_expsyms_cmds=
case $host_os in
cygwin* | mingw* | pw32* | cegcc*)
# FIXME: the MSVC++ port hasn't been tested in a loooong time
# When not using gcc, we currently assume that we are using
# Microsoft Visual C++.
if test "$GCC" != yes; then
with_gnu_ld=no
fi
;;
interix*)
# we just hope/assume this is gcc and not c89 (= MSVC++)
with_gnu_ld=yes
;;
openbsd*)
with_gnu_ld=no
;;
linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
_LT_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=no
;;
esac
_LT_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=yes
if test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
# If archive_cmds runs LD, not CC, wlarc should be empty
wlarc='${wl}'
# Set some defaults for GNU ld with shared library support. These
# are reset later if shared libraries are not supported. Putting them
# here allows them to be overridden if necessary.
runpath_var=LD_RUN_PATH
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
_LT_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--export-dynamic'
# ancient GNU ld didn't support --whole-archive et. al.
if $LD --help 2>&1 | $GREP 'no-whole-archive' > /dev/null; then
_LT_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)="$wlarc"'--whole-archive$convenience '"$wlarc"'--no-whole-archive'
else
_LT_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=
fi
supports_anon_versioning=no
case `$LD -v 2>&1` in
*GNU\ gold*) supports_anon_versioning=yes ;;
*\ [[01]].* | *\ 2.[[0-9]].* | *\ 2.10.*) ;; # catch versions < 2.11
*\ 2.11.93.0.2\ *) supports_anon_versioning=yes ;; # RH7.3 ...
*\ 2.11.92.0.12\ *) supports_anon_versioning=yes ;; # Mandrake 8.2 ...
*\ 2.11.*) ;; # other 2.11 versions
*) supports_anon_versioning=yes ;;
esac
# See if GNU ld supports shared libraries.
case $host_os in
aix[[3-9]]*)
# On AIX/PPC, the GNU linker is very broken
if test "$host_cpu" != ia64; then
_LT_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
cat <<_LT_EOF 1>&2
*** Warning: the GNU linker, at least up to release 2.9.1, is reported
*** to be unable to reliably create shared libraries on AIX.
*** Therefore, libtool is disabling shared libraries support. If you
*** really care for shared libraries, you may want to modify your PATH
*** so that a non-GNU linker is found, and then restart.
_LT_EOF
fi
;;
amigaos*)
case $host_cpu in
powerpc)
# see comment about AmigaOS4 .so support
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)=''
;;
m68k)
_LT_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$RM $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$ECHO "#define NAME $libname" > $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$ECHO "#define LIBRARY_ID 1" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$ECHO "#define VERSION $major" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$ECHO "#define REVISION $revision" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$AR $AR_FLAGS $lib $libobjs~$RANLIB $lib~(cd $output_objdir && a2ixlibrary -32)'
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
_LT_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
;;
esac
;;
beos*)
if $LD --help 2>&1 | $GREP ': supported targets:.* elf' > /dev/null; then
_LT_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=unsupported
# Joseph Beckenbach